Book I
Chapter I.—Preface—The Author’s Object—The Utility of Written Compositions.1    [It is impossible to illustrate the Stromata by needed notes, on the plan of this publication. It would double the size of the work, and require time and such scholorship as belongs to experts. Important matters are briefly discussed at the end of each book. Elucidation I.]

[Wants the beginning] [...] that you may read them under your hand, and may be able to preserve them. Whether written compositions are not to be left behind at all; or if they are, by whom? And if the former, what need there is for written compositions? and if the latter, is the composition of them to be assigned to earnest men, or the opposite? It were certainly ridiculous for one to disapprove of the writing of earnest men, and approve of those, who are not such, engaging in the work of composition. Theopompus and Timæus, who composed fables and slanders, and Epicurus the leader of atheism, and Hipponax and Archilochus, are to be allowed to write in their own shameful manner. But he who proclaims the truth is to be prevented from leaving behind him what is to benefit posterity. It is a good thing, I reckon, to leave to posterity good children. This is the case with children of our bodies. But words are the progeny of the soul. Hence we call those who have instructed us, fathers. Wisdom is a communicative and philanthropic thing. Accordingly, Solomon says, “My son, if thou receive the saying of my commandment, and hide it with thee, thine ear shall hear wisdom.”2    Prov. ii. 1, 2. He points out that the word that is sown is hidden in the soul of the learner, as in the earth, and this is spiritual planting. Wherefore also he adds, “And thou shalt apply thine heart to understanding, and apply it for the admonition of thy son.” For soul, methinks, joined with soul, and spirit with spirit, in the sowing of the word, will make that which is sown grow and germinate. And every one who is instructed, is in respect of subjection the son of his instructor. “Son,” says he, “forget not my laws.”3    Prov. iii. 1.

And if knowledge belong not to all (set an ass to the lyre, as the proverb goes), yet written compositions are for the many. “Swine, for instance, delight in dirt more than in clean water.” “Wherefore,” says the Lord, “I speak to them in parables: because seeing, they see not; and hearing, they hear not, and do not understand;”4    Matt. xiii. 13. not as if the Lord caused the ignorance: for it were impious to think so. But He prophetically exposed this ignorance, that existed in them, and intimated that they would not understand the things spoken. And now the Saviour shows Himself, out of His abundance, dispensing goods to His servants according to the ability of the recipient, that they may augment them by exercising activity, and then returning to reckon with them; when, approving of those that had increased His money, those faithful in little, and commanding them to have the charge over many things, He bade them enter into the joy of the Lord. But to him who had hid the money, entrusted to him to be given out at interest, and had given it back as he had received it, without increase, He said, “Thou wicked and slothful servant, thou oughtest to have given my money to the bankers, and at my coming I should have received mine own.” Wherefore the useless servant “shall be cast into outer darkness.”5    Matt. xviii. 32; Luke xix. 22; Matt. xxv. 30. “Thou, therefore, be strong,” says Paul, “in the grace that is in Christ Jesus. And the things which thou hast heard of me among many witnesses, the same commit thou to faithful men, who shall be able to teach others also.”6    2 Tim. ii. 1, 2. And again: “Study to show thyself approved unto God, a workman that needeth not to be ashamed, rightly dividing the word of truth.”

If, then, both proclaim the Word—the one by writing, the other by speech—are not both then to be approved, making, as they do, faith active by love? It is by one’s own fault that he does not choose what is best; God is free of blame. As to the point in hand, it is the business of some to lay out the word at interest, and of others to test it, and either choose it or not. And the judgment is determined within themselves. But there is that species of knowledge which is characteristic of the herald, and that which is, as it were, characteristic of a messenger, and it is serviceable in whatever way it operates, both by the hand and tongue. “For he that soweth to the Spirit, shall of the Spirit reap life everlasting. And let us not be weary in well-doing.”7    Gal. vi. 8, 9. On him who by Divine Providence meets in with it, it confers the very highest advantages,—the beginning of faith, readiness for adopting a right mode of life, the impulse towards the truth, a movement of inquiry, a trace of knowledge; in a word, it gives the means of salvation. And those who have been rightly reared in the words of truth, and received provision for eternal life, wing their way to heaven. Most admirably, therefore, the apostle says, “In everything approving ourselves as the servants of God; as poor, and yet making many rich; as having nothing, yet possessing all things. Our mouth is opened to you.”8    2 Cor. vi. 4, 10, 11. “I charge thee,” he says, writing to Timothy, “before God, and Christ Jesus, and the elect angels, that thou observe these things, without preferring one before another, doing nothing by partiality.”9    1 Tim. v. 21.

Both must therefore test themselves: the one, if he is qualified to speak and leave behind him written records; the other, if he is in a right state to hear and read: as also some in the dispensation of the Eucharist, according to10    [To be noted as apparently allowed, yet exceptionally so.] custom enjoin that each one of the people individually should take his part. One’s own conscience is best for choosing accurately or shunning. And its firm foundation is a right life, with suitable instruction. But the imitation of those who have already been proved, and who have led correct lives, is most excellent for the understanding and practice of the commandments. “So that whosoever shall eat the bread and drink the cup of the Lord unworthily, shall be guilty of the body and blood of the Lord. But let a man examine himself, and so let him eat of the bread and drink of the cup.”11    1 Cor. xi. 27, 28. It therefore follows, that every one of those who undertake to promote the good of their neighbours, ought to consider whether he has betaken himself to teaching rashly and out of rivalry to any; if his communication of the word is out of vainglory; if the the only reward he reaps is the salvation of those who hear, and if he speaks not in order to win favour: if so, he who speaks by writings escapes the reproach of mercenary motives. “For neither at any time used we flattering words, as ye know,” says the apostle, “nor a cloak of covetousness. God is witness. Nor of men sought we glory, neither of you, nor yet of others, when we might have been burdensome as the apostles of Christ. But we were gentle among you, even as a nurse cherisheth her children.”12    1 Thess. ii. 5, 6, 7.

In the same way, therefore, those who take part in the divine words, ought to guard against betaking themselves to this, as they would to the building of cities, to examine them out of curiosity; that they do not come to the task for the sake of receiving worldly things, having ascertained that they who are consecrated to Christ are given to communicate the necessaries of life. But let such be dismissed as hypocrites. But if any one wishes not to seem, but to be righteous, to him it belongs to know the things which are best. If, then, “the harvest is plenteous, but the labourers few,” it is incumbent on us “to pray” that there may be as great abundance of labourers as possible.13    Matt. ix. 37, 38; Luke x. 2.

But the husbandry is twofold,—the one unwritten, and the other written. And in whatever way the Lord’s labourer sow the good wheat, and grow and reap the ears, he shall appear a truly divine husbandman. “Labour,” says the Lord, “not for the meat which perisheth, but for that which endureth to everlasting life.”14    John vi. 27. And nutriment is received both by bread and by words. And truly “blessed are the peace-makers,”15    Matt. v. 9. who instructing those who are at war in their life and errors here, lead them back to the peace which is in the Word, and nourish for the life which is according to God, by the distribution of the bread, those “that hunger after righteousness.” For each soul has its own proper nutriment; some growing by knowledge and science, and others feeding on the Hellenic philosophy, the whole of which, like nuts, is not eatable. “And he that planteth and he that watereth,” “being ministers” of Him “that gives the increase, are one” in the ministry. “But every one shall receive his own reward, according to his own work. For we are God’s husbandmen, God’s husbandry. Ye are God’s building,”16    1 Cor. iii. 8, 9. according to the apostle. Wherefore the hearers are not permitted to apply the test of comparison. Nor is the word, given for investigation, to be committed to those who have been reared in the arts of all kinds of words, and in the power of inflated attempts at proof; whose minds are already pre-occupied, and have not been previously emptied. But whoever chooses to banquet on faith, is stedfast for the reception of the divine words, having acquired already faith as a power of judging, according to reason. Hence ensues to him persuasion in abundance. And this was the meaning of that saying of prophecy, “If ye believe not, neither shall ye understand.”17    Isa. vii. 9. “As, then, we have opportunity, let us do good to all, especially to the household of faith.”18    Gal. vi. 10. And let each of these, according to the blessed David, sing, giving thanks. “Thou shalt sprinkle me with hyssop, and I shall be cleansed. Thou shalt wash me, and I shall be whiter than the snow. Thou shalt make me to hear gladness and joy, and the bones which have been humbled shall rejoice. Turn Thy face from my sins. Blot out mine iniquities. Create in me a clean heart, O God, and renew a right spirit in my inward parts. Cast me not away from Thy face, and take not Thy Holy Spirit from me. Restore to me the joy of Thy salvation, and establish me with Thy princely spirit.”19    Ps. li. 7–12.

He who addresses those who are present before him, both tests them by time, and judges by his judgment, and from the others distinguishes him who can hear; watching the words, the manners, the habits, the life, the motions, the attitudes, the look, the voice; the road, the rock, the beaten path, the fruitful land, the wooded region, the fertile and fair and cultivated spot, that is able to multiply the seed. But he that speaks through books, consecrates himself before God, crying in writing thus: Not for gain, not for vainglory, not to be vanquished by partiality, nor enslaved by fear nor elated by pleasure; but only to reap the salvation of those who read, which he does, not at present participate in, but awaiting in expectation the recompense which will certainly be rendered by Him, who has promised to bestow on the labourers the reward that is meet. But he who is enrolled in the number of men20    i.e., perfect men. ought not to desire recompense. For he that vaunts his good services, receives glory as his reward. And he who does any duty for the sake of recompense, is he not held fast in the custom of the world, either as one who has done well, hastening to receive a reward, or as an evil-doer avoiding retribution? We must, as far as we can, imitate the Lord. And he will do so, who complies with the will of God, receiving freely, giving freely, and receiving as a worthy reward the citizenship itself. “The hire of an harlot shall not come into the sanctuary,” it is said: accordingly it was forbidden to bring to the altar the price of a dog. And in whomsoever the eye of the soul has been blinded by ill-nurture and teaching, let him advance to the true light, to the truth, which shows by writing the things that are unwritten. “Ye that thirst, go to the waters,”21    Isa. lv. 1. says Esaias. And “drink water from thine own vessels,”22    Prov. v. 15. Solomon exhorts. Accordingly in “The Laws,” the philosopher who learned from the Hebrews, Plato, commands husbandmen not to irrigate or take water from others, until they have first dug down in their own ground to what is called the virgin soil, and found it dry. For it is right to supply want, but it is not well to support laziness. For Pythagoras said that, “although it be agreeable to reason to take a share of a burden, it is not a duty to take it away.”

Now the Scripture kindles the living spark of the soul, and directs the eye suitably for contemplation; perchance inserting something, as the husbandman when he ingrafts, but, according to the opinion of the divine apostle, exciting what is in the soul. “For there are certainly among us many weak and sickly, and many sleep. But if we judge ourselves, we shall not be judged.”23    1 Cor. xi. 31, 32. “You” is the reading of New Testament. Now this work of mine in writing is not artfully constructed for display; but my memoranda are stored up against old age, as a remedy against forgetfulness, truly an image and outline of those vigorous and animated discourses which I was privileged to hear, and of blessed and truly remarkable men.

Of these the one, in Greece, an Ionic;24    The first probably Tatian, the second Theodotus. the other in Magna Græcia: the first of these from Cœle-Syria, the second from Egypt, and others in the East. The one was born in the land of Assyria, and the other a Hebrew in Palestine.

When I came upon the last25    Most likely Pantænus, master of the catechetical school in Alexandria, and the teacher of Clement. [Elucidation II.] (he was the first in power), having tracked him out concealed in Egypt, I found rest. He, the true, the Sicilian bee, gathering the spoil of the flowers of the prophetic and apostolic meadow, engendered in the souls of his hearers a deathless element of knowledge.

Well, they preserving the tradition of the blessed doctrine derived directly from the holy apostles, Peter, James, John, and Paul, the sons receiving it from the father (but few were like the fathers), came by God’s will to us also to deposit those ancestral and apostolic seeds. And well I know that they will exult; I do not mean delighted with this tribute, but solely on account of the preservation of the truth, according as they delivered it. For such a sketch as this, will, I think, be agreeable to a soul desirous of preserving from escape the blessed tradition.26    [See Elucidation III., infra.]“In a man who loves wisdom the father will be glad.”27    Prov. xxix. 3. Wells, when pumped out, yield purer water; and that of which no one partakes, turns to putrefaction. Use keeps steel brighter, but disuse produces rust in it. For, in a word, exercise produces a healthy condition both in souls and bodies. “No one lighteth a candle, and putteth it under a bushel, but upon a candlestick, that it may give light to those who are regarded worthy of the feast.”28    Matt. v. 15; Mark. iv. 21. For what is the use of wisdom, if it makes not him who can hear it wise? For still the Saviour saves, “and always works, as He sees the Father.”29    John. v. 17, 19. For by teaching, one learns more; and in speaking, one is often a hearer along with his audience. For the teacher of him who speaks and of him who hears is one—who waters both the mind and the word. Thus the Lord did not hinder from doing good while keeping the Sabbath;30    [This reference to the Jewish Sabbath to be noted in connection with what Clement says elsewhere.] but allowed us to communicate of those divine mysteries, and of that holy light, to those who are able to receive them. He did not certainly disclose to the many what did not belong to the many; but to the few to whom He knew that they belonged, who were capable of receiving and being moulded according to them. But secret things are entrusted to speech, not to writing, as is the case with God.31    [See Elucidation IV., infra.]

And if one say that it is written, “There is nothing secret which shall not be revealed, nor hidden which shall not be disclosed,”32    Luke viii. 17, xii. 2. let him also hear from us, that to him who hears secretly, even what is secret shall be manifested. This is what was predicted by this oracle. And to him who is able secretly to observe what is delivered to him, that which is veiled shall be disclosed as truth; and what is hidden to the many, shall appear manifest to the few. For why do not all know the truth? why is not righteousness loved, if righteousness belongs to all? But the mysteries are delivered mystically, that what is spoken may be in the mouth of the speaker; rather not in his voice, but in his understanding. “God gave to the Church, some apostles, and some prophets, and some evangelists, and some pastors and teachers, for the perfecting of the saints, for the work of the ministry, for the edifying of the body of Christ.”33    Eph. iv. 11, 12.

The writing of these memoranda of mine, I well know, is weak when compared with that spirit, full of grace, which I was privileged to hear.34    [An affectionate reference to Pantænus and his other masters.] But it will be an image to recall the archetype to him who was struck with the thyrsus. For “speak,” it is said, “to a wise man, and he will grow wiser; and to him that hath, and there shall be added to him.” And we profess not to explain secret things sufficiently—far from it—but only to recall them to memory, whether we have forgot aught, or whether for the purpose of not forgetting. Many things, I well know, have escaped us, through length of time, that have dropped away unwritten. Whence, to aid the weakness of my memory, and provide for myself a salutary help to my recollection in a systematic arrangement of chapters, I necessarily make use of this form. There are then some things of which we have no recollection; for the power that was in the blessed men was great.35    [An affectionate reference to Pantænus and his other masters.] There are also some things which remained unnoted long, which have now escaped; and others which are effaced, having faded away in the mind itself, since such a task is not easy to those not experienced; these I revive in my commentaries. Some things I purposely omit, in the exercise of a wise selection, afraid to write what I guarded against speaking: not grudging—for that were wrong—but fearing for my readers, lest they should stumble by taking them in a wrong sense; and, as the proverb says, we should be found “reaching a sword to a child.” For it is impossible that what has been written should not escape, although remaining unpublished by me. But being always revolved, using the one only voice, that of writing, they answer nothing to him that makes inquiries beyond what is written; for they require of necessity the aid of some one, either of him who wrote, or of some one else who has walked in his footsteps. Some things my treatise will hint; on some it will linger; some it will merely mention. It will try to speak imperceptibly, to exhibit secretly, and to demonstrate silently. The dogmas taught by remarkable sects will be adduced; and to these will be opposed all that ought to be premised in accordance with the profoundest contemplation of the knowledge, which, as we proceed to the renowned and venerable canon of tradition, from the creation of the world,36    [See Elucidation V., infra.] will advance to our view; setting before us what according to natural contemplation necessarily has to be treated of beforehand, and clearing off what stands in the way of this arrangement. So that we may have our ears ready for the reception of the tradition of true knowledge; the soil being previously cleared of the thorns and of every weed by the husbandman, in order to the planting of the vine. For there is a contest, and the prelude to the contest; and there are some mysteries before other mysteries.

Our book will not shrink from making use of what is best in philosophy and other preparatory instruction. “For not only for the Hebrews and those that are under the law,” according to the apostle, “is it right to become a Jew, but also a Greek for the sake of the Greeks, that we may gain all.”37    1 Cor. ix. 20, 21. Also in the Epistle to the Colossians he writes, “Admonishing every man, and teaching every man in all wisdom, that we may present every man perfect in Christ.”38    Col. i. 28. The nicety of speculation, too, suits the sketch presented in my commentaries. In this respect the resources of learning are like a relish mixed with the food of an athlete, who is not indulging in luxury, but entertains a noble desire for distinction.

By music we harmoniously relax the excessive tension of gravity. And as those who wish to address the people, do so often by the herald, that what is said may be better heard; so also in this case. For we have the word, that was spoken to many, before the common tradition. Wherefore we must set forth the opinions and utterances which cried individually to them, by which those who hear shall more readily turn.

And, in truth, to speak briefly: Among many small pearls there is the one; and in a great take of fish there is the beauty-fish; and by time and toil truth will gleam forth, if a good helper is at hand. For most benefits are supplied, from God, through men. All of us who make use of our eyes see what is presented before them. But some look at objects for one reason, others for another. For instance, the cook and the shepherd do not survey the sheep similarly: for the one examines it if it be fat; the other watches to see if it be of good breed. Let a man milk the sheep’s milk if he need sustenance: let him shear the wool if he need clothing. And in this way let me produce the fruit of the Greek erudition.39    [Every reference of our author to his use of Greek learning and (eclectic) philosophy, is important in questions about his orthodoxy.]

For I do not imagine that any composition can be so fortunate as that no one will speak against it. But that is to be regarded as in accordance with reason, which nobody speaks against, with reason. And that course of action and choice is to be approved, not which is faultless, but which no one rationally finds fault with. For it does not follow, that if a man accomplishes anything not purposely, he does it through force of circumstances. But he will do it, managing it by wisdom divinely given, and in accommodation to circumstances. For it is not he who has virtue that needs the way to virtue, any more than he, that is strong, needs recovery. For, like farmers who irrigate the land beforehand, so we also water with the liquid stream of Greek learning what in it is earthy; so that it may receive the spiritual seed cast into it, and may be capable of easily nourishing it. The Stromata will contain the truth mixed up in the dogmas of philosophy, or rather covered over and hidden, as the edible part of the nut in the shell. For, in my opinion, it is fitting that the seeds of truth be kept for the husbandmen of faith, and no others. I am not oblivious of what is babbled by some, who in their ignorance are frightened at every noise, and say that we ought to occupy ourselves with what is most necessary, and which contains the faith; and that we should pass over what is beyond and superfluous, which wears out and detains us to no purpose, in things which conduce nothing to the great end. Others think that philosophy was introduced into life by an evil influence, for the ruin of men, by an evil inventor. But I shall show, throughout the whole of these Stromata, that evil has an evil nature, and can never turn out the producer of aught that is good; indicating that philosophy is in a sense a work of Divine Providence.40    [Every reference of our author to his use of Greek learning and (eclectic) philosophy, is important in questions about his orthodoxy.]

ΣΤΡΩΜΑΤΕΩΝ ΠΡΩΤΟΣ [...] ἵνα ὑπὸ χεῖρα ἀναγινώσκῃς αὐτὰς καὶ δυνηθῇς φυλάξαι αὐτάς. πότερον δ' οὐδ' ὅλως ἢ τισὶ καταλειπτέον συγγράμματα; καὶ εἰ μὲν τὸ πρότερον, τίς ἡ τῶν γραμμάτων χρεία; εἰ δὲ τὸ ἕτερον, ἤτοι τοῖς σπουδαίοις ἢ τοῖς μή; γελοῖον μεντἂν εἴη τὴν τῶν σπουδαίων ἀποδοκιμάζοντα γραφὴν τοὺς μὴ τοιούτους ἀποδέχεσθαι συντάττοντας. ἀλλ' ἄρα Θεοπόμπῳ μὲν καὶ Τιμαίῳ μύθους καὶ βλασφημίας συντάττουσιν, πρὸς δὲ καὶ Ἐπικούρῳ ἀθεότητος κατάρχοντι, ἔτι δὲ Ἱππώνακτι καὶ Ἀρχιλόχῳ αἰσχρῶς οὕτως ἐπιτρεπτέον γράφειν, τὸν δὲ τὴν ἀλήθειαν κηρύσσοντα κωλυτέον τοῖς ὕστερον ἀνθρώποις ὠφέλειαν ἀπολιπεῖν; καλὸν δ' οἶμαι καὶ παῖδας ἀγαθοὺς τοῖς ἔπειτα καταλείπειν. οἱ μέν γε παῖδες σωμάτων, ψυχῆς δὲ ἔγγονοι οἱ λόγοι. αὐτίκα πατέρας τοὺς κατηχήσαντάς φαμεν, κοινωνικὸν δὲ ἡ σοφία καὶ φιλάνθρωπον. λέγει γοῦν ὁ Σολομών· υἱέ, ἐὰν δεξάμενος ῥῆσιν ἐντολῆς ἐμῆς κρύψῃς παρὰ σεαυτῷ ὑπακούσεται σοφίας τὸ οὖς σου. σπειρόμενον τὸν λόγον κρύπτεσθαι μηνύει καθάπερ ἐν γῇ τῇ τοῦ μανθάνοντος ψυχῇ, καὶ αὕτη πνευματικὴ φυτεία. διὸ καὶ ἐπιφέρει· καὶ παραβαλεῖς καρδίαν σου εἰς σύνεσιν, παραβαλεῖς δὲ αὐτὴν εἰς νουθέτησιν τῷ υἱῷ σου. ψυχὴ γάρ, οἶμαι, ψυχῇ καὶ πνεῦμα πνεύματι συναπτόμενα κατὰ τὴν τοῦ λόγου σπορὰν αὔξει τὸ καταβληθὲν καὶ ζωογονεῖ· υἱὸς δὲ πᾶς ὁ παιδευόμενος καθ' ὑπακοὴν τοῦ παι δεύοντος. υἱέ, φησίν, ἐμῶν θεσμῶν μὴ ἐπιλανθάνου. εἰ δὲ μὴ πάντων ἡ γνῶσις, ὄνος λύρας, ᾗ φασιν οἱ παροιμιαζόμενοι, τοῖς πολλοῖς τὰ συγγράμματα. ὕες γοῦν βορβόρῳ ἥδονται μᾶλλον ἢ καθαρῷ ὕδατι. διὰ τοῦτο, φησὶν ὁ κύριος, ἐν παραβολαῖς αὐτοῖς λαλῶ, ὅτι βλέποντες οὐ βλέπουσι καὶ ἀκούοντες οὐκ ἀκούουσι καὶ οὐ συνιᾶσι, τὴν ἄγνοιαν αὐτοῖς ὡς μὴ παρέχοντος τοῦ κυρίου (μὴ γὰρ οὐ θεμιτὸν οὕτω φρονεῖν), ἀλλὰ τὴν ὑπάρχουσαν διελέγξαντος προφητικῶς καὶ ἀσυνέτους τῶν λεγομένων ἐσομένους μηνύσαντος. Ἤδη δὲ καταφαίνεται ἐκ περιουσίας ὁ σωτὴρ αὐτός, κατὰ τὴν τοῦ λαμβάνοντος δύναμιν, ἣν δεῖ ἐκ συνασκήσεως αὔξειν, τοῖς δούλοις τὰ ὑπάρχοντα διανείμας. αὖθις ἐπανελθὼν τιθέναι λόγον μετ' αὐτῶν. ὁπηνίκα τοὺς μὲν αὐξήσαντας τὸ ἀργύριον αὐτοῦ, τοὺς ἐν ὀλίγῳ πιστούς, ἀποδεξάμενος καὶ ἐπαγγειλάμενος ἐπὶ πολλῶν καταστήσειν εἰς τὴν τοῦ κυρίου χαρὰν προσέταξεν εἰσελθεῖν, τῷ δὲ ἀποκρυψαμένῳ τὸ πιστευθὲν ἀργύριον εἰς τὸ ἐκδανεῖσαι καὶ αὐτὸ ὅπερ ἔλαβεν ἀποδιδόντι ἀργόν, πονηρὲ δοῦλε εἶπεν καὶ ὀκνηρέ, ἔδει σε βαλεῖν τὸ ἀργύριόν μου τοῖς τραπεζίταις, καὶ ἐλθὼν ἐγὼ ἐκομισάμην ἂν τὸ ἐμόν· ἐπὶ τούτοις ὁ ἀχρεῖος δοῦλος εἰς τὸ ἐξώτερον ἐμβληθήσεται σκότος. σὺ οὖν ἐνδυναμοῦ, καὶ Παῦλος λέγει, ἐν χάριτι τῇ ἐν Χριστῷ Ἰησοῦ, καὶ ἃ ἤκουσας παρ' ἐμοῦ διὰ πολλῶν μαρτύρων. ταῦτα παράθου πιστοῖς ἀνθρώποις, οἵτινες ἱκανοὶ ἔσονται καὶ ἑτέρους διδάξαι. καὶ πάλιν· σπούδασον σεαυτὸν δόκιμον παραστῆσαι τῷ θεῷ, ἐργάτην ἀνεπαίσχυντον, ὀρθοτομοῦντα τὸν λόγον τῆς ἀληθείας. Εἰ τοίνυν ἄμφω κηρύττουσι τὸν λόγον, ὃ μὲν τῇ γραφῇ, ὃ δὲ τῇ φωνῇ, πῶς οὐκ ἄμφω ἀποδεκτέοι, ἐνεργὸν τὴν πίστιν διὰ τῆς ἀγάπης πεποιημένοι; τῇ δὲ αἰτίᾳ τοῦ μὴ τὸ βέλτιστον ἑλομένου θεὸς ἀναίτιος. αὐτίκα τῶν μὲν ἐκδανεῖσαι τὸν λόγον ἔργον ἐστίν, τῶν δὲ δοκιμάσαι καὶ ἤτοι ἑλέσθαι ἢ μή, ἡ κρίσις δὲ ἐν αὐτοῖς κρί νεται. ἀλλ' ἡ μὲν κηρυκικὴ ἐπιστήμη ἤδη πως ἀγγελική, ὁποτέρως ἂν ἐνεργῇ, διά τε τῆς χειρὸς διά τε τῆς γλώττης, ὠφελοῦσα· ὅτι ὁ σπείρων εἰς τὸ πνεῦμα ἐκ τοῦ πνεύματος θερίσει ζωὴν αἰώνιον· τὸ δὲ καλὸν ποιοῦντες μὴ ἐκκακῶμεν· συμβάλλεται γοῦν τὰ μέγιστα τῷ περιτυχόντι κατὰ τὴν θείαν πρόνοιαν, ἀρχὴν πίστεως, πολιτείας προθυμίαν, ὁρμὴν τὴν ἐπὶ τὴν ἀλήθειαν, κίνησιν ζητητικήν, ἴχνος γνώρεως, συνελόντι εἰπεῖν ἀφορμὰς δίδωσι σωτηρίας. οἱ δὲ ἐντραφέντες γνησίως τοῖς τῆς ἀληθείας λόγοις ἐφόδια ζωῆς ἀιδίου λαβόντες εἰς οὐρανὸν πτεροῦνται. θαυμασιώτατα τοίνυν ὁ ἀπόστολος ἐν παντὶ φησὶ συνιστάντες ἑαυτοὺς ὡς θεοῦ διάκονοι, ὡς πτωχοί, πολλοὺς δὲ πλουτίζοντες, ὡς μηδὲν ἔχοντες καὶ πάντα κατέχοντες· τὸ στόμα ἡμῶν ἀνέῳγε πρὸς ὑμᾶς. διαμαρτύρομαι δέ, τῷ Τιμοθέῳ φησὶν ἐπιστέλλων, ἐνώπιον τοῦ θεοῦ καὶ Χριστοῦ Ἰησοῦ καὶ τῶν ἐκλεκτῶν ἀγγέλων, ἵνα ταῦτα φυλάξῃς χωρὶς προκρίματος, μηδὲν ποιῶν κατὰ πρόσκλισιν. Ἀνάγκη τοίνυν ἄμφω τούτω δοκιμάζειν σφᾶς αὐτούς, τὸν μὲν εἰ ἄξιος λέγειν τε καὶ ὑπομνήματα καταλιμπάνειν, τὸν δὲ εἰ ἀκροᾶσθαί τε καὶ ἐντυγχάνειν δίκαιος· ᾗ καὶ τὴν εὐχαριστίαν τινὲς διανείμαντες, ὡς ἔθος, αὐτὸν δὴ ἕκαστον τοῦ λαοῦ λαβεῖν τὴν μοῖραν ἐπιτρέπουσιν. ἀρίστη γὰρ πρὸς τὴν ἀκριβῆ αἵρεσίν τε καὶ φυγὴν ἡ συνείδησις, θεμέλιος δὲ αὐτῆς βέβαιος ὀρθὸς βίος ἅμα μαθήσει τῇ καθηκούσῃ τό τε ἕπεσθαι ἑτέροις δοκιμασθεῖσιν ἤδη καὶ κατωρθωκόσιν ἄριστον πρός τε τῆς ἀληθείας τὴν νόησιν καὶ τὴν κατάπραξιν τῶν ἐντολῶν. ὥστε ὃς ἂν ἐσθίῃ τὸν ἄρτον καὶ πίνῃ τὸ ποτήριον τοῦ κυρίου ἀναξίως, ἔνοχος ἔσται τοῦ σώματος καὶ τοῦ αἵματος τοῦ κυρίου. δοκιμαζέτω δὲ ἄνθρωπος ἑαυτὸν καὶ οὕτως ἐκ τοῦ ἄρτου ἐσθιέτω καὶ ἐκ τοῦ ποτηρίου πινέτω. σκοπεῖσθαι οὖν ἀκόλουθον ἄρα τῷ τὴν ὠφέλειαν τῶν πλησίον ἐπανῃρημένῳ, εἰ μὴ θρασέως καί τισιν ἀντιζηλούμενος ἐπεπήδησεν τῇ διδασκαλίᾳ, εἰ μὴ φιλόδοξος ἡ κοινωνία τοῦ λόγου, εἰ τοῦτον μόνον καρποῦται τὸν μισθόν, τὴν σωτηρίαν τῶν ἐπαϊόντων, τό τε μὴ πρὸς χάριν ὁμιλεῖν δωροδοκίας τε αὖ διαβολὴν διαπέφευγεν ὁ δι' ὑπομνημάτων λαλῶν· οὔτε γάρ ποτε ἐν λόγῳ κολακείας ἐγενήθημεν, καθὼς οἴδατε, φησὶν ὁ ἀπόστολος, οὔτε προφάσει πλεονεξίας, θεὸς μάρτυς, οὔτε ζητοῦντες ἐξ ἀνθρώπων δόξαν, οὔτε ἀφ' ὑμῶν οὔτε ἀπ' ἄλλων. δυνάμενοι ἐν βάρει εἶναι ὡς Χριστοῦ ἀπόστολοι· ἀλλ' ἐγενήθημεν ἤπιοι ἐν μέσῳ ὑμῶν, ὡς ἂν τροφὸς θάλπῃ τὰ ἑαυτῆς τέκνα. κατὰ ταὐτὰ δὲ καὶ τοὺς τῶν θείων μεταλαμβάνοντας λόγων παραφυλακτέον, εἰ μὴ περιεργίας ἕνεκεν ἱστορήσοντες, ὥσπερ τῶν πόλεων τὰ οἰκοδομήματα, εἰς τόδε ἀφικνοῦνται, εἰ μὴ μεταλήψεως χάριν τῶν κοσμικῶν προσίασιν κοινωνικοὺς τῶν ἐπιτηδείων μαθόντες τοὺς καθωσιωμένους τῷ Χριστῷ. ἀλλ' οἳ μὲν ὑποκριταί, καὶ δὴ ἐάσθωσαν· εἰ δέ τις οὐ δοκεῖν δίκαιος, ἀλλ' εἶναι θέλει, συνειδέναι τὰ κάλλιστα τοῦτον αὑτῷ προσήκει. Εἰ γοῦν ὁ μὲν θερισμὸς πολύς, οἱ δὲ ἐργάται βραχεῖς, τῷ ὄντι δεῖσθαι καθήκει, ὅπως ὅτι μάλιστα πλειόνων ἡμῖν ἐργατῶν εὐπορία γένηται. ἡ γεωργία δὲ διττή· ἣ μὲν γὰρ ἄγραφος. ἣ δ' ἔγγραφος. ὁποτέρως δ' ἂν ὁ τοῦ κυρίου ἐργάτης σπείρῃ τοὺς εὐγενεῖς πυροὺς καὶ τοὺς στάχυς αὐξήσῃ τε καὶ θερίσῃ, θεῖος ὄντως ἀναφανήσεται γεωργός. ἐργάζεσθε, φησὶν ὁ κύριος, μὴ τὴν ἀπολλυμένην βρῶσιν, ἀλλὰ τὴν μένουσαν εἰς ζωὴν αἰώνιον, τροφὴ δὲ καὶ ἡ διὰ σιτίων καὶ ἡ διὰ λόγων λαμβάνεται. καὶ τῷ ὄντι μακάριοι οἱ εἰρηνοποιοί, οἱ τοὺς ἐνταῦθα κατὰ τὸν βίον καὶ τὴν πλάνην πρὸς τῆς ἀγνοίας πολεμουμένους μεταδιδάσκοντες καὶ μετάγοντες εἰς εἰρήνην τὴν ἐν λόγῳ καὶ βίῳ τῷ κατὰ τὸν θεὸν καὶ τοὺς πεινῶντας δικαιοσύνην τρέφοντες τῇ τοῦ ἄρτου διανομῇ. εἰσὶ γὰρ καὶ ψυχαὶ ἰδίας ἔχουσαι τροφάς, αἳ μὲν κατ' ἐπίγνωσιν καὶ ἐπιστήμην αὔξουσαι, αἳ δὲ κατὰ τὴν Ἑλληνικὴν νεμόμεναι φιλοσοφίαν, ἧς καθάπερ καὶ τῶν καρύων οὐ τὸ πᾶν ἐδώδιμον. ὁ φυτεύων δὲ καὶ ὁ ποτίζων, τοῦ αὔξοντος ὄντες διάκονοι, ἕν εἰσι κατὰ τὴν διακονίαν, ἕκαστος δὲ τὸν ἴδιον μισθὸν λήψεται κατὰ τὸν ἴδιον κόπον. θεοῦ γάρ ἐσμεν συνεργοί· θεοῦ γεώργιον, θεοῦ οἰκοδομή ἐστε, κατὰ τὸν ἀπόστολον. οὔκουν οὐδὲ ἀπὸ συγκρίσεως τὸ δοκίμιον ποιεῖσθαι τοῖς ἀκροωμένοις ἐπιτρεπτέον οὐδὲ εἰς ἐξέτασιν ἔκδοτον παραδοτέον τὸν λόγον τοῖς ἐντεθραμμένοις λόγων παντοδαπῶν τέχναις καὶ δυνάμεσιν ἐπιχειρημάτων ὠγκωμένων, τοῖς προκατειλημμένοις ἤδη τὴν ψυχὴν καὶ μὴ προκεκενωμένοις. ὅταν δ' ἐκ πίστεως ἕληταί τις ἑστιᾶσθαι, βέβαιος οὗτος εἰς θείων λόγων παραδοχήν, κρίσιν εὔλογον τὴν πίστιν κεκτημένος. ἕπεται δὲ ἐνθένδε αὐτῷ ἡ πειθὼ ἐκ περιουσίας. καὶ τοῦτ' ἦν ἄρα τὸ προφητικὸν ἐκεῖνο· ἐὰν μὴ πιστεύσητε, οὐδὲ μὴ συνῆτε. ἄρ' οὖν ὡς καιρὸν ἔχομεν, ἐργαζώμεθα τὸ ἀγαθὸν πρὸς πάντας, μάλιστα δὲ πρὸς τοὺς οἰκείους τῆς πίστεως. ἕκαστος δὲ τούτων κατὰ τὸν μακάριον ∆αβὶδ εὐχαριστῶν ψαλλέτω· ῥαντιεῖς με ὑσσώπῳ καὶ καθαρισθήσομαι, πλυνεῖς με καὶ ὑπὲρ χιόνα λευκανθήσομαι. ἀκουτιεῖς με εὐφροσύνην καὶ ἀγαλλίασιν· ἀγαλλιάσονται ὀστᾶ τεταπεινωμένα. ἀπόστρεψον τὸ πρόσωπόν σου ἀπὸ τῶν ἁμαρτιῶν μου, καὶ τὰς ἀνομίας μου ἐξάλειψον. καρδίαν καθαρὰν κτίσον ἐν ἐμοί, ὁ θεός, καὶ πνεῦμα εὐθὲς ἐγκαίνισον ἐν τοῖς ἐγκάτοις μου. μὴ ἀπορρίψῃς με ἀπὸ τοῦ προσώπου σου, καὶ τὸ πνεῦμά σου τὸ ἅγιον μὴ ἀντανέλῃς ἀπ' ἐμοῦ. ἀπόδος μοι τὴν ἀγαλλίασιν τοῦ σωτηρίου σου, καὶ πνεύματι ἡγεμονικῷ στήριξόν με. Ὁ μὲν οὖν πρὸς παρόντας λέγων καὶ χρόνῳ δοκιμάζει καὶ κρίσει δικάζει καὶ διακρίνει τῶν ἄλλων τὸν οἷόν τε ἀκούειν, ἐπιτηρῶν τοὺς λόγους, τοὺς τρόπους, τὰ ἤθη, τὸν βίον, τὰς κινήσεις, τὰς σχέσεις, τὸ βλέμμα, τὸ φθέγμα, τὴν τρίοδον, τὴν πέτραν, τὴν πατουμένην ὁδόν, τὴν καρποφόρον γῆν, τὴν ὑλομανοῦσαν χώραν. τὴν εὔφορον καὶ καλὴν καὶ γεωργουμένην, τὴν πολυπλασιάσαι τὸν σπόρον δυναμένην. ὁ δὲ δι' ὑπομνημάτων λαλῶν πρὸς τὸν θεὸν ἀφοσιοῦται ταῦτα κεκραγὼς ἐγγράφως, μὴ κέρδους ἕνεκα, μὴ κενοδοξίας χάριν [γράφειν], μὴ προσπαθείᾳ νικᾶσθαι, μὴ φόβῳ δουλοῦσθαι, μὴ ἡδονῇ ἐπαίρεσθαι. μόνης δὲ τῆς τῶν ἐντυγχανόντων ἀπολαύειν σωτηρίας, ἧς οὐδὲ κατὰ τὸ παρὸν μεταλαμβάνει, ἀλλὰ ἐλπίδι ἀπεκδεχόμενος τὴν ἀποδοθησομένην πάντως ἀμοιβὴν παρὰ τοῦ τὸν μισθὸν τοῖς ἐργάταις κατ' ἀξίαν ἀποδώσειν ὑπεσχημένου. ἀλλ' οὐδὲ ἀντιμισθίας ἐφίεσθαι χρὴ τῷ εἰς ἄνδρας ἐγγραφομένῳ. οὐ γὰρ ὁ μὲν καυχησάμενος εὐποιίαν τὴν ἀμοιβὴν ἀπείληφεν δι' εὐδοξίας, ὁ δὲ τῶν προσηκόντων δι' ἀντιμισθίαν πράσσων τι, ἤτοι ὡς εὐεργὸς σπεύδων ἀπολαβεῖν ἢ ὡς κακοεργὸς τὴν ἀμοιβὴν περιιστάμενος, οὐχὶ τῇ κοσμικῇ ἐνέχεται συνηθείᾳ· δεῖ δὲ ὡς οἷόν τε τὸν κύριον μιμεῖσθαι. οὗτος δ' ἂν εἴη ὁ τῷ θελήματι τοῦ θεοῦ ἐξυπηρετῶν, δωρεὰν λαβών, δωρεὰν διδούς. μισθὸν ἀξιόλογον ἀπολαμβάνων τὴν πολιτείαν αὐτήν· οὐκ εἰσελεύσεται δὲ εἰς τὰ ἅγια μίσθωμα πόρνης φησίν. ἀπείρηται γοῦν προσφέρειν τῷ θυσιαστηρίῳ ἄλλαγμα κυνός· ὅτῳ δὲ ἀπήμβλυται κακῇ τροφῇ τε καὶ διδασκαλίᾳ τὸ τῆς ψυχῆς ὄμμα πρὸς τὸ οἰκεῖον φῶς, βαδιζέτω ἐπὶ τὴν ἀλήθειαν τὴν ἐγγράφως τὰ ἄγραφα δηλοῦσαν· οἱ διψῶντες, πορεύεσθε ἐφ' ὕδωρ, Ἡσαΐας λέγει, καὶ πῖνε τὸ ὕδωρ ἀπὸ σῶν ἀγγείων, ὁ Σολομὼν παραινεῖ. ἐν γοῦν τοῖς Νόμοις ὁ ἐξ Ἑβραίων φιλόσοφος Πλάτων κελεύει τοὺς γεωργοὺς μὴ ἐπαρδεῦσαι μηδὲ λαμβάνειν ὕδωρ παρ' ἑτέρων. ἐὰν μὴ πρότερον ὀρύξαντες παρ' αὑτοῖς ἄχρι τῆς παρθενίου καλουμένης ἄνυδρον εὕρωσι τὴν γῆν. ἀπορίᾳ γὰρ ἐπαρκεῖν οὐ δίκαιον, ἀργίαν δὲ ἐφοδιάζειν οὐ καλόν· ᾗ καὶ φορτίον συνεπιτιθέναι μὲν εὔλογον, συγκαθαιρεῖν δὲ οὐ προσήκειν ὁ Πυθαγόρας ἔλεγεν. συνεξάπτει δὲ ἡ γραφὴ τὸ ζώπυρον τῆς ψυχῆς καὶ συντείνει τὸ οἰκεῖον ὄμμα πρὸς θεωρίαν, τάχα μέν τι καὶ ἐντιθεῖσα, οἷον ὁ ἐγκεντρίζων γεωργός, τὸ δὲ ἐνυπάρχον ἀνακινοῦσα. πολλοὶ γὰρ ἐν ἡμῖν κατὰ τὸν θεῖον ἀπόστολον ἀσθενεῖς καὶ ἄρρωστοι, καὶ κοιμῶνται ἱκανοί. εἰ δὲ ἑαυτοὺς διεκρίνομεν, οὐκ ἂν ἐκρινόμεθα. Ἤδη δὲ οὐ γραφὴ εἰς ἐπίδειξιν τετεχνασμένη ἥδε ἡ πραγματεία, ἀλλά μοι ὑπομνήματα εἰς γῆρας θησαυρίζεται, λήθης φάρμακον, εἴδωλον ἀτεχνῶς καὶ σκιαγραφία τῶν ἐναργῶν καὶ ἐμψύχων ἐκείνων, ὧν κατηξιώθην ἐπακοῦσαι, λόγων τε καὶ ἀνδρῶν μακαρίων καὶ τῷ ὄντι ἀξιολόγων. τούτων ὃ μὲν ἐπὶ τῆς Ἑλλάδος, ὁ Ἰωνικός, οἳ δὲ ἐπὶ τῆς Μεγάλης Ἑλλάδος (τῆς κοίλης θάτερος αὐτῶν Συρίας ἦν, ὃ δὲ ἀπ' Αἰγύπτου), ἄλλοι δὲ ἀνὰ τὴν ἀνατολήν· καὶ ταύτης ὃ μὲν τῆς τῶν Ἀσσυρίων, ὃ δὲ ἐν Παλαιστίνῃ Ἑβραῖος ἀνέκαθεν· ὑστάτῳ δὲ περιτυχὼν (δυνάμει δὲ οὗτος πρῶτος ἦν) ἀνεπαυσάμην, ἐν Αἰγύπτῳ θηράσας λεληθότα. Σικελικὴ τῷ ὄντι ἦν μέλιττα προφητικοῦ τε καὶ ἀποστολικοῦ λειμῶνος τὰ ἄνθη δρεπόμενος ἀκήρατόν τι γνώσεως χρῆμα ταῖς τῶν ἀκροωμένων ἐνεγέννησε ψυχαῖς. Ἀλλ' οἳ μὲν τὴν ἀληθῆ τῆς μακαρίας σῴζοντες διδασκαλίας παράδοσιν εὐθὺς ἀπὸ Πέτρου τε καὶ Ἰακώβου Ἰωάννου τε καὶ Παύλου τῶν ἁγίων ἀποστόλων, παῖς παρὰ πατρὸς ἐκδεχόμενος (ὀλίγοι δὲ οἱ πατράσιν ὅμοιοι), ἧκον δὴ σὺν θεῷ καὶ εἰς ἡμᾶς τὰ προγονικὰ ἐκεῖνα καὶ ἀποστολικὰ καταθησόμενοι σπέρματα. καὶ εὖ οἶδ' ὅτι ἀγαλλιάσονται, οὐχὶ τῇ ἐκφράσει ἡσθέντες λέγω τῇδε, μόνῃ δὲ τῇ κατὰ τὴν ὑποσημείωσιν τηρήσει. ποθούσης γὰρ οἶμαι ψυχῆς τὴν μακαρίαν παράδοσιν ἀδιάδραστον φυλάττειν ἡ τοιάδε ὑποτύπωσις· ἀνδρὸς δὲ φιλοῦντος σοφίαν εὐφρανθήσεται πατήρ. τὰ φρέατα ἐξαντλούμενα διειδέστερον ὕδωρ ἀναδίδωσι, τρέπεται δὲ εἰς φθορὰν ὧν μεταλαμβάνει οὐδείς. καὶ τὸν σίδηρον ἡ χρῆσις καθαρώτερον φυλάσσει, ἡ δὲ ἀχρηστία ἰοῦ τούτῳ γεννητική. συνελόντι γὰρ φάναι ἡ συγγυμνασία ἕξιν ἐμποιεῖ ὑγιεινὴν καὶ πνεύμασι καὶ σώμασιν. οὐδεὶς ἅπτει λύχνον καὶ ὑπὸ τὸν μόδιον τίθησιν, ἀλλ' ἐπὶ τῆς λυχνίας φαίνειν τοῖς τῆς ἑστιάσεως τῆς αὐτῆς κατηξιωμένοις. τί γὰρ ὄφελος σοφίας μὴ σοφιζούσης τὸν οἷόν τε ἐπαΐειν; ἔτι τε καὶ ὁ σωτὴρ σῴζει αἰεὶ καὶ αἰεὶ ἐργάζεται, ὡς βλέπει τὸν πατέρα. διδάσκων τις μανθάνει πλεῖον καὶ λέγων συνακροᾶται πολλάκις τοῖς ἐπακούουσιν αὐτοῦ· εἷς γὰρ ὁ διδάσκαλος καὶ τοῦ λέγοντος καὶ τοῦ ἀκροωμένου, ὁ ἐπιπηγάζων καὶ τὸν νοῦν καὶ τὸν λόγον, ᾗ καὶ οὐ κεκώλυκεν ὁ κύριος ἀπὸ ἀγαθοῦ σαββατίζειν, μεταδιδόναι δὲ τῶν θείων μυστηρίων καὶ τοῦ φωτὸς ἐκείνου τοῦ ἁγίου τοῖς χωρεῖν δυναμένοις συγκεχώ ρηκεν. αὐτίκα οὐ πολλοῖς ἀπεκάλυψεν ἃ μὴ πολλῶν ἦν, ὀλίγοις δέ, οἷς προσήκειν ἠπίστατο, τοῖς οἵοις τε ἐκδέξασθαι καὶ τυπωθῆναι πρὸς αὐτά· τὰ δὲ ἀπόρρητα, καθάπερ ὁ θεός, λόγῳ πιστεύεται, οὐ γράμματι. κἄν τις λέγῃ γεγράφθαι οὐδὲν κρυπτὸν ὃ οὐ φανερωθήσεται, οὐδὲ κεκαλυμμένον ὃ οὐκ ἀποκαλυφθήσεται, ἀκουσάτω καὶ παρ' ἡμῶν, ὅτι τῷ κρυπτῶς ἐπαίοντι τὸ κρυπτὸν φανερωθήσεσθαι διὰ τοῦδε προεθέσπισεν τοῦ λογίου, καὶ τῷ παρακεκαλυμμένως τὰ παραδιδόμενα οἵῳ τε παραλαμβάνειν δηλωθήσεται τὸ κεκαλυμμένον ὡς ἡ ἀλήθεια, καὶ τὸ τοῖς πολλοῖς κρυπτόν, τοῦτο τοῖς ὀλίγοις φανερὸν γενήσεται· ἐπεὶ διὰ τί μὴ πάντες ἴσασι τὴν ἀλήθειαν; διὰ τί δὲ μὴ ἠγαπήθη ἡ δικαιοσύνη, εἰ πάντων ἡ δικαιοσύνη; ἀλλὰ γὰρ τὰ μυστήρια μυστικῶς παραδίδοται, ἵνα ᾖ ἐν στόματι λαλοῦντος καὶ ᾧ λαλεῖται, μᾶλλον δὲ οὐκ ἐν φωνῇ, ἀλλ' ἐν τῷ νοεῖσθαι. δέδωκεν δὲ ὁ θεὸς τῇ ἐκκλησίᾳ τοὺς μὲν ἀποστόλους, τοὺς δὲ προφήτας, τοὺς δὲ εὐαγγελιστάς, τοὺς δὲ ποιμένας καὶ διδασκάλους, πρὸς τὸν καταρτισμὸν τῶν ἁγίων, εἰς ἔργον διακονίας, εἰς οἰκοδομὴν τοῦ σώματος τοῦ Χριστοῦ. Ἡ μὲν οὖν τῶνδέ μοι τῶν ὑπομνημάτων γραφὴ ἀσθενὴς μὲν εὖ οἶδ' ὅτι παραβαλλομένη πρὸς τὸ πνεῦμα ἐκεῖνο τὸ κεχαριτωμένον, οὗ κατηξιώθημεν ὑπακοῦσαι, εἰκὼν δ' ἂν εἴη ἀναμιμνῄσκουσα τοῦ ἀρχετύπου τὸν θύρσῳ πεπληγότα· σοφῷ γάρ, φησί, λάλει, καὶ σοφώτερος ἔσται, καὶ τῷ ἔχοντι δὲ προστεθήσεται. ἐπαγγέλλεται δὲ οὐχ ὥστε ἑρμηνεῦσαι τὰ ἀπόρρητα ἱκανῶς, πολλοῦ γε καὶ δεῖ, μόνον δὲ τὸ ὑπομνῆσαι, εἴτε ὁπότε ἐκλαθοίμεθα εἴτε ὅπως μηδ' ἐκλανθανώμεθα. πολλὰ δὲ εὖ οἶδα παρερρύηκεν ἡμᾶς χρόνου μήκει ἀγράφως διαπεσόντα. ὅθεν τὸ ἀσθενὲς τῆς μνήμης τῆς ἐμῆς ἐπικουφίζων, κεφαλαίων συστηματικὴν ἔκθεσιν μνήμης ὑπόμνημα σωτήριον πορίζων ἐμαυτῷ, ἀναγκαίως κέχρημαι τῇδε τῇ ὑποτυπώσει. ἔστι μὲν οὖν τινα μηδὲ ἀπομνημονευθέντα ἡμῖν (πολλὴ γὰρ ἡ παρὰ τοῖς μακαρίοις δύναμις ἦν ἀνδράσιν), ἔστιν δὲ καὶ ἃ ἀνυποσημείωτα μεμενηκότα τῷ χρόνῳ ἃ νῦν ἀπέδρα, τὰ δὲ ὅσα ἐσβέννυτο ἐν αὐτῇ μαραινόμενα τῇ διανοίᾳ, ἐπεὶ μὴ ῥᾴδιος ἡ τοιάδε διακονία τοῖς μὴ δεδοκιμασμένοις. ταῦτα δὲ ἀναζωπυρῶν ὑπομνήμασι τὰ μὲν ἑκὼν παραπέμπομαι ἐκλέγων ἐπιστημόνως, φοβούμενος γράφειν ἃ καὶ λέγειν ἐφυλαξάμην, οὔ τί που φθονῶν (οὐ γὰρ θέμις), δεδιὼς δὲ ἄρα περὶ τῶν ἐντυγχανόντων, μή πῃ ἑτέρως σφαλεῖεν καὶ παιδὶ μάχαιραν, ᾗ φασιν οἱ παροιμιαζόμενοι, ὀρέγοντες εὑρεθῶμεν. οὐ γὰρ ἔστι τὰ γραφέντα μὴ [οὐκ] ἐκπεσεῖν καίτοι ἀνέκδοτα ὑπό γ' ἐμοῦ μεμενηκότα, κυλιόμενα δὲ ἀεὶ μόνῃ μιᾷ χρώμενα τῇ ἐγγράφῳ φωνῇ πρὸς τὸν ἐπανερόμενον οὐδὲν πλέον παρὰ τὰ γεγραμμένα ἀποκρίνεται δεῖται γὰρ ἐξ ἀνάγκης βοηθοῦ ἤτοι τοῦ συγγραψαμένου ἢ καὶ ἄλλου του εἰς τὸ αὐτὸ ἴχνος ἐμβεβηκότος. ἔστι δὲ ἃ καὶ αἰνίξεταί μοι γραφή, καὶ τοῖς μὲν παραστήσεται, τὰ δὲ μόνον ἐρεῖ, πειράσεται δὲ καὶ λανθάνουσα εἰπεῖν καὶ ἐπικρυπτομένη ἐκφῆναι καὶ δεῖξαι σιωπῶσα. τά τε παρὰ τῶν ἐπισήμων δογματιζόμενα αἱρέσεων παραθήσεται, καὶ τούτοις ἀντερεῖ πάνθ' ὅσα προοικονομηθῆναι καθήκει τῆς κατὰ τὴν ἐποπτικὴν θεωρίαν γνώσεως, ἣ προβήσεται ἡμῖν κατὰ τὸν εὐκλεῆ καὶ σεμνὸν τῆς παραδόσεως κανόνα ἀπὸ τῆς τοῦ κόσμου γενέσεως προϊοῦσιν, [τὰ] ἀναγκαίως ἔχοντα προδιαληφθῆναι τῆς φυσικῆς θεωρίας προπαρατιθεμένη καὶ τὰ ἐμποδὼν ἱστάμενα τῇ ἀκολουθίᾳ προαπολυομένη, ὡς ἑτοίμους ἔχειν τὰς ἀκοὰς πρὸς τὴν παραδοχὴν τῆς γνωστικῆς παραδόσεως προκεκαθαρμένης τῆς γῆς ἀπό τε τῶν ἀκανθῶν καὶ τῆς πόας ἁπάσης γεωργικῶς εἰς καταφύτευσιν ἀμπελῶνος. ἀγὼν γὰρ καὶ ὁ προαγὼν καὶ μυστήρια τὰ πρὸ μυστηρίων, οὐδὲ ὀκνήσει συγχρήσασθαι φιλοσοφίας καὶ τῆς ἄλλης προπαιδείας τοῖς καλλίστοις τὰ ὑπομνήματα ἡμῖν. οὐ γὰρ μόνον δι' Ἑβραίους καὶ τοὺς ὑπὸ νόμον κατὰ τὸν ἀπόστολον εὔλογον Ἰουδαῖον γενέσθαι, ἀλλὰ καὶ διὰ τοὺς Ἕλληνας Ἕλληνα, ἵνα πάντας κερδάνωμεν. κἀν τῇ πρὸς Κολασσαεῖς ἐπιστολῇ νουθετοῦντες γράφει πάντα ἄνθρωπον καὶ διδάσκοντες ἐν πάσῃ σοφίᾳ, ἵνα παραστήσωμεν πάντα ἄνθρωπον τέλειον ἐν Χριστῷ. ἁρμόζει δὲ καὶ ἄλλως τῇ τῶν ὑπομνημάτων ὑποτυπώσει τὸ γλαφυρὸν τῆς θεωρίας. αὐτίκα καὶ ἡ τῆς χρηστομαθίας περιουσία οἷον ἥδυσμά τί ἐστιν παραπεπλεγμένον ἀθλητοῦ βρώματι, οὐ τρυφητιῶντος, ὄρεξιν δὲ ἀγαθὴν [διὰ] φιλοτιμίαν λαμβάνοντος. ψάλλοντες γοῦν τὸ ὑπέρτονον τῆς σεμνότητος ἐμμελῶς ἀνίεμεν. καθάπερ δὲ οἱ βουλόμενοι δήμῳ προσομιλῆσαι διὰ κήρυκος τοῦτο πολλάκις ποιοῦσιν ὡς μᾶλλον ἐξάκουστα γενέσθαι τὰ λεγόμενα, οὕτω κἀνταῦθα (πρὸς πολλοὺς γὰρ ἡμῖν ὁ λόγος ὁ πρὸ αὐτῆς τῆς παραδόσεως λεγόμενος) τὰς συνήθεις διὸ δὴ παραθετέον δόξας τε καὶ φωνὰς τὰς ἐμβοώσας παρ' ἕκαστα αὐτοῖς δι' ὧν μᾶλλον οἱ ἀκούοντες ἐπιστραφήσονται. καὶ δὴ συνελόντι φάναι (ἐν πολλοῖς γὰρ τοῖς μαργαρίταις τοῖς μικροῖς ὁ εἷς, ἐν δὲ πολλῇ τῇ τῶν ἰχθύων ἄγρᾳ ὁ κάλλιχθυς) χρόνῳ τε καὶ πόνῳ τἀληθὲς ἐκλάμψει ἀγαθοῦ παρατυχόντος βοηθοῦ· δι' ἀνθρώπων γὰρ θεόθεν αἱ πλεῖσται εὐεργεσίαι χορηγοῦνται. πάντες μὲν οὖν ὅσοι ταῖς ὄψεσι κεχρήμεθα, θεωροῦμεν τὰ προσπίπτοντα αὐταῖς, ἄλλοι δὲ ἄλλων ἕνεκα. αὐτίκα οὐχ ὁμοίως θεωρεῖ τὸ πρόβατον ὁ μάγειρός τε καὶ ὁ ποιμήν· ὃ μὲν γὰρ εἰ πῖόν ἐστι πολυπραγμονεῖ, ὃ δὲ εἰς εὐγένειαν τηρεῖ. τὸ γάλα τοῦ προβάτου ὃ μέν τις ἀμελξάτω, εἰ χρῄζει τροφῆς, τὸν μαλλὸν κειράτω, εἰ σκέπης δεῖται. ὧδέ μοι καὶ τῆς Ἑλληνικῆς χρηστομαθίας ὁ καρπὸς προχωρείτω. οὐκ οἶμαι γάρ τινα οὕτως εὐτυχῆ γραφὴν ἡγεῖσθαι ᾗ μηδεὶς ἀντερεῖ, ἀλλ' ἐκείνην εὔλογον νομιστέον ᾗ μηδεὶς εὐλόγως ἀντερεῖ. καὶ πρᾶξιν ἄρα καὶ αἵρεσιν ἀποδεκτέον οὐ τὴν ἀμεμφῆ, ἀλλ' ἣν οὐδεὶς εὐλόγως καταμέμψεται. οὐκ εὐθὺς δ' εἴ τις μὴ προηγουμένως ἐπιτελεῖ, κατὰ περίστασιν αὐτὸ ποιεῖ, ἀλλὰ οἰκονομούμενός τι θεοσόφως καὶ συμπεριφερόμενος ἐνεργήσει. οὔτε γὰρ ὁ ἔχων τὴν ἀρετὴν χρῄζει τῆς ἐπὶ τὴν ἀρετὴν ἔτι ὁδοῦ οὔθ' ὁ ἐρρωμένος ἀναλήψεως. καθάπερ δ' οἱ γεωργοὶ προαρδεύσαντες τὴν γῆν, οὕτω δὴ καὶ ἡμεῖς τῷ ποτίμῳ τῶν παρ' Ἕλλησι λόγων προαρδεύομεν τὸ γεῶδες αὐτῶν, ὡς παραδέξασθαι τὸ καταβαλλόμενον σπέρμα πνευματικὸν καὶ τοῦτο εὐμαρῶς ἐκθρέψαι δύνασθαι. Περιέξουσι δὲ οἱ Στρωματεῖς ἀναμεμιγμένην τὴν ἀλήθειαν τοῖς φιλοσοφίας δόγμασι, μᾶλλον δὲ ἐγκεκαλυμμένην καὶ ἐπικεκρυμμένην, καθάπερ τῷ λεπύρῳ τὸ ἐδώδιμον τοῦ καρύου· ἁρμόζει γάρ, οἶμαι, τῆς ἀληθείας τὰ σπέρματα μόνοις φυλάσσεσθαι τοῖς τῆς πίστεως γεωργοῖς. οὐ λέληθεν δέ με καὶ τὰ θρυλούμενα πρός τινων ἀμαθῶς ψοφοδεῶν χρῆναι λεγόντων περὶ τὰ ἀναγκαιότατα καὶ συνέχοντα τὴν πίστιν καταγίνεσθαι, τὰ δὲ ἔξωθεν καὶ περιττὰ ὑπερβαίνειν μάτην ἡμᾶς τρίβοντα καὶ κατέχοντα περὶ τοῖς οὐδὲν συμβαλλομένοις πρὸς τὸ τέλος. οἳ δὲ καὶ πρὸς κακοῦ ἂν τὴν φιλοσοφίαν εἰσδεδυκέναι τὸν βίον νομίζουσιν ἐπὶ λύμῃ τῶν ἀνθρώπων πρός τινος εὑρετοῦ πονηροῦ. ἐγὼ δὲ ὅτι μὲν ἡ κακία κακὴν φύσιν ἔχει καὶ οὔποτ' ἂν καλοῦ τινος ὑποσταίη γεωργὸς γενέσθαι, παρ' ὅλους ἐνδείξομαι τοὺς Στρωματεῖς, αἰνισσόμενος ἁμῇ γέ πῃ θείας ἔργον προνοίας καὶ φιλοσοφίαν.