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a summer one, so that it might be fanned by fine and cool northern breezes. After this there is need of costly fabric, which is to clothe the pedestals, the couches, the pallets, the doors. For among them all things are carefully clothed, even inanimate objects, while the poor are pitifully stripped. 1.5.3 Add next to these and consider the silver in the vessels, the gold, the expensive purchase of birds from Phasis, of Phoenician wine, which the vines of Tyre pour forth in abundance and at a high price for the rich; all the other preparation for enjoyment, which it is for those who use them to name in detail. For growing daily toward the more elaborate, luxury already pours in spices from India to the dishes, and perfumers, rather than physicians, serve the cooks. 1.5.4 From this, consider the retinue of the table: table-setters, wine-pourers, stewards and those who lead them, male musicians, female musicians, dancing girls, flute-players, jesters, flatterers, parasites, the attendant rabble of vanity. In order that these things may be acquired, how many poor are wronged! How many orphans are struck on the head! How many widows weep! How many, being violently rent, rush to the halter! 1.5.5 But the soul of such men, as if having tasted some water of Lethe, completely forgets itself, who it is and to what it is yoked, and that at some time it will be loosed from this union and will dwell with the body when it is created anew. But when the appointed time comes and the inexorable command which tears it from its fellowship with the body, a reckoning of what has been lived enters, and useless repentance, coming after the need. For remorse is of benefit then, when the one who changes his mind has the power of correction; but when the opportunity for setting things right has been taken away, grief is useless and repentance is vain. 1.6.1 But there was a certain beggar named Lazarus. The account does not simply describe a poor man deprived of expenditure and the need for necessities, but indeed also one afflicted by a painful sickness and wasting away in body, homeless, hearthless, uncared for, cast down at the gate of the rich man. And very carefully in the narrative it dramatizes the misfortunes of the poor man to the end, so that it might denounce the hardness of the one not showing mercy. 1.6.2 For he who feels nothing pitiful or compassionate toward hunger and sickness is a mindless beast, badly formed into the shape of a man, belying his nature by his choice; or rather more unfeeling even than the beasts themselves, if indeed when a pig is being slaughtered the other pigs are drawn to a certain painful feeling and utter mournful grunts over the freshly shed blood; and the oxen stand around the slaughter of the bull, signifying their pain with impassioned lowing. And flocks of cranes, when one of their companions has fallen into a trap, fly around the captive and fill the air with a certain lamenting cry, seeking their kinswoman and companion. 1.6.3 But that a man, the rational and gentle animal, and taught goodness according to the likeness of God, should care so little for his kin in the painful circumstances of their misfortunes! 1.7.1 So he lay, the much-suffering and grateful poor man, having no feet—for he would have fled the accursed and arrogant man, having exchanged for another place instead of the inhospitable gate that was closed to the poor—deprived of hands and not even having a palm to stretch out for begging, his very organs of speech blocked and sending forth a certain hoarse and rough sound from his chest, mutilated in simply all his limbs, a remnant of a wicked disease, a pitiful example of human weakness. 1.7.2 But nevertheless not even so great a list of misfortunes moved the haughty man to concern; but he passed the man by as if he were a stone, committing a sin without excuse. For he could not, when accused, say these common and plausible things: 'I did not recognize him, I did not know; the beseeching poor man escaped my notice;' who lay before the gate of the one entering

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θερινή, ἵνα λεπταῖς ὁμοῦ καὶ ψυχραῖς ταῖς αὔραις ταῖς βορει ναῖς καταπνέηται. Μετὰ ταύτην χρεία πολυτελοῦς ἐσθῆτος τῆς μελλούσης ἀμφιέννυσθαι τὰ βάθρα, τὰς κλίνας, τὰς στιβάδας, τὰς θύρας. Πάντα γὰρ παρ' ἐκείνοις ἐπιμελῶς ἐνδύεται καὶ τὰ ἄψυχα, ἐλεεινῶς τῶν πενήτων ἐκδυομένων. 1.5.3 Πρόσθες ἑξῆς τούτοις καὶ λόγισαι τὸν ἐν τοῖς σκεύεσιν ἄργυρον, τὸν χρυσόν, τὴν πολυδάπανον ἀγορασίαν τῶν ἐκ Φάσιδος ὀρνίθων, οἴνου τοῦ Φοίνικος, ὃν αἱ ἄμπελοι Τύρου πολὺν τοῖς πλουσίοις καὶ τίμιον ἀπορρέουσι· πᾶσαν τὴν ἄλλην τῆς ἀπολαύσεως τὴν παρασκευήν, ἣν αὐτῶν τῶν χρωμένων ἐστὶν ἐπιμελῶς ὀνομάσαι. Αὔξουσα γὰρ καθ' ἡμέραν ἐπὶ τὸ περιεργότερον ἡ τρυφὴ ἤδη καὶ τῶν ἐξ Ἰνδικῆς ἀρωμάτων παρεγχέει τοῖς ὄψοις, καὶ μᾶλλον τῶν ἰατρῶν οἱ μυροπῶλαι τοῖς μαγείροις ὑπηρετοῦσιν. 1.5.4 Ἐντεῦθεν ἐννόησον τὸ δορυφορικὸν τῆς τραπέζης πλῆθος, τραπεζοποιούς, οἰνοχόους, ταμιείας καὶ τοὺς τούτων ἀφηγουμένους μουσικούς, μουσικάς, ὀρχηστρίδας, αὐλητάς, γελωτο ποιούς, κόλακας, παρασίτους, τὸν ἀκόλουθον τῆς ματαιότητος συρφετόν. Ταῦτα ἵνα κτηθῇ, πόσοι πένητες ἀδικοῦνται! πόσοι δὲ ὀρφανοὶ κονδυλίζονται! πόσαι χῆραι δακρύουσιν! πόσοι σφοδρῶς σπαραττόμενοι σπεύδουσιν πρὸς ἀγχόνην! 1.5.5 Ἡ δὲ τῶν τοιούτων ψυχὴ ὥσπερ Ληθαίου τινος ὕδατος γευσαμένη ἑαυτῆς ἀμνημονεῖ καθάπαξ, τίς ἐστιν καὶ τίνι συνέζευκται, καὶ ὅτι ποτὲ τῆς συζυγίας ταύτης λυθήσεται καὶ πάλιν ἀνακτισθέντι συνοικήσει τῷ σώματι. Ἐλθόντος δὲ καιροῦ τοῦ καθήκοντος καὶ τοῦ ἀπαραιτήτου προστάγματος τῆς πρὸς τὸ σῶμα κοινωνίας ἀπο σπῶντος αὐτήν, ἀναλογισμὸς εἰσέρχεται τῶν βεβιωμένων καὶ ἀνωφελὴς μετάνοια, κατόπιν γινομένη τῆς χρείας. Τότε γὰρ ὀνίνησι μεταμέλεια, ὅταν ὁ μεταβουλευόμενος ἐξουσίαν ἔχῃ τῆς διορθώσεως· ἀναιρεθείσης δὲ τῆς ἐνεργείας τοῦ κατορθοῦν ἀχρεῖος ἡ λύπη καὶ μάταιος ἡ μετάγνωσις. 1.6.1 Πτωχὸς δέ τις ἦν ὀνόματι Λάζαρος. Οὐ πένητα ἁπλῶς ὑπογράφει ὁ λόγος τῆς δαπάνης καὶ τῆς χρείας τῶν ἀναγκαίων ἐστερη μένον, ἀλλὰ γὰρ καὶ ἀρρωστίᾳ ὀδυνηρᾷ συνεχόμενον καὶ διερρυηκότα τὸ σῶμα, ἄοικον, ἀνέστιον, ἀθεράπευτον, τῇ πύλῃ τοῦ πλουσίου προσερριμένον. Καὶ λίαν ἐπιμελῶς τῇ διηγήσει τὰς συμφορὰς ἐπὶ τέλει ἐκτραγῳδεῖ τοῦ πτωχοῦ, ἵνα τὴν τοῦ μὴ ἐλεοῦντος στηλιτεύσῃ σκληρότητα. 1.6.2 Ὁ γὰρ πρὸς λιμὸν καὶ νόσον μηδὲν πάσχων ἐλεεινὸν ἢ συμπαθὲς θηρίον ἐστὶν ἄλογον, κακῶς εἰς ἀνθρώπου μορφωθὲν σχῆμα, ψευδόμενον τῇ προαιρέσει τὴν φύσιν· μᾶλλον δὲ καὶ αὐτῶν τῶν θηρίων ἀσυμπαθέστερον, εἴ γε χοίρου μὲν σφαζομένου ἕλκονται πρός τινα λυπηρὰν αἴσθησιν οἱ χοῖροι καὶ τῷ νεορρύτῳ αἵματι ἀνιαρὰ ἐπιτρύζουσι· περιίστανται δὲ τοῦ ταύρου τὸν φόνον οἱ βόες ἐμπαθεῖ μυκηθμῷ τὴν ἄλγιδα σημαίνοντες. Ἀγέλαι δὲ γεράνων, μιᾶς τῶν συννόμων περιπεσούσης θηράτροις, περιίπτανται τὴν κρατουμένην καί τινος ὀδυρτικῆς κλαγγῆς τὸν ἀέρα πληροῦσιν, τὴν ὁμόφυλον ζητοῦσαι καὶ σύννομον. 1.6.3 Ἄνθρωπον δέ, τὸ λογικὸν ζῷον καὶ ἥμερον καὶ καθ' ὁμοίωσιν Θεοῦ τὴν ἀγαθότητα παιδευόμενον, μικρὸν οὕτω φροντίζειν τῶν συγγενῶν ἐν ταῖς ὀδυνηραῖς τῶν συμφορῶν περι στάσεσιν! 1.7.1 Ἔκειτο τοίνυν ὁ πολυώδυνος καὶ εὐχάριστος πένης πόδας οὐκ ἔχων, ἦ γὰρ ἂν τὸν ἀλάστορα καὶ ὑπερήφανον ἔφυγεν, ἕτερον τόπον ἀλλαξάμενος ἀντὶ τῆς ξενοκτόνου πύλης τῆς κεκλεισμένης τοῖς πένησιν χειρῶν ἀφῃρημένος καὶ οὐδὲ παλάμην ἔχων προτείνειν εἰς αἴτησιν, ἐμφραχθεὶς αὐτὰ τὰ ὄργανα τῆς φωνῆς καί τινα βραγχῶσαν καὶ τραχεῖαν τῶν στέρνων ἠχὴν προϊέμενος, πᾶσιν ἁπλῶς ἠκρωτηριασμένος τοῖς μέλεσιν, νόσου πονηρᾶς λείψανον, ἐλεεινὸν ὑπόδειγμα τῆς ἀνθρωπίνης ἀσθενείας. 1.7.2 Ἀλλ' ὅμως οὐδὲ τοσοῦτος κατάλογος συμφορῶν ἔκλινεν πρὸς ἐπίσκεψιν τὸν ὑψαύχενα· παρῄει δὲ ὡς λίθον τὸν ἄνθρωπον ἀπροφάσιστον τὴν ἁμαρτίαν ἐπιτελῶν. Οὐ γὰρ εἶχεν ἐγκαλούμενος λέγειν ταῦτα τὰ κοινὰ καὶ εὐπρόσωπα· Οὐκ ἔγνων, οὐκ ᾔδειν· ἔλαθεν με ποτνιῶν ὁ πτωχός· ὃς ἔκειτο πρὸ τῆς πύλης εἰσιόντος