the final syllable is short, they are properispomenon; 20rhin, rhinos, rhina, rhine, rhines, rhinas;20 so also in similar cases. For this reason, not even 20eurin20 is properispomenon, since the iota is long. 4.27 Nouns ending in ux are properispomenon, if the penultimate syllable is long, such as 20doidux.20 4.28 Nouns ending in os, with a penultimate syllable not containing a pure u, and having the accent on it, are paroxytone; 20kubos, lugos, stulos, Kuros20 a proper name, except for 20kuros20 meaning authority, a neuter noun, 20muthos, thumos, tuphos;20 but common usage makes 20tuphos.20 oxytone. Those ending in unos are properispomenon; 20phrunos, thunos.20

5.t Concerning feminines. 5.29 Feminines ending in aia, if they are formed from a noun, lengthen the alpha and are paroxytone, such as 20dikē dikaia, selēnē selēnaia, euktaia20 from 20euchē, apeuktaia, perikephalaia20 from 20kephalē, deilaia20 from 20deilos, keraia20 from 20keras;20 along with these also 20elaia20 and 20neolaia20 the multitude; but if they are not derived from nouns, they have a short final syllable and are properispomenon, such as 20maia, gaia, graia, aia,20 and the proper name 20Maia.20 5.30 Simply, all that are formed from a verb have a short alpha and are properispomenon, if the penultimate syllable is long, such is 20Mousa20 from mō meaning I seek, 20bēssa20 from bō, and 20nēssa20 from nō, and 20hēssa20 from hēssō; along with these also the participial forms, as they too are from a verb; 20schousa, tetuphuia, pepoiēkuia;20 with them 20stasa, basa,20 and similar words are properispomenon. 20Pasa20 also followed these. 5.31 Another rule says: feminines ending in alpha, if the penultimate syllable contains a vowel of doubtful quantity, lengthen it; for which reason they are also properispomenon 20pasa, stasa, tlasa, gnousa, deiknuousa; but 20prumna,20 20puragra20 have an oxytone accent, likewise also those ending in a double consonant; 20rhiza, schiza, muxa.20 5.32 Feminines in -ra having the accent before the final syllable, if the penultimate syllable has a diphthong, are properispomenon, such as 20sphaira, moira, steira;20 but if the penultimate syllable has a monophthong, they are paroxytone; 20Hēra, chēra, chōra, hōra;20 and those with a vowel of doubtful quantity in the penultimate; 20lura, thura, sphura.20 5.33 Feminines ending in eia have a long alpha, even if they are formed from verbs in euō, such as 20presbeia20 and 20douleia,20 unless they are formed from masculines in us declined with eos; such words have a short alpha and are consequently perispomenon. 5.34 Feminines in as are oxytone and are declined with dos; 20monas, trias, lampas; tēs monados, tēs lampados, tēs triados.20 5.35 Feminines in is with a long penultimate syllable are properispomenon; 20rhēsis, lēxis20 and 20thrausis;20 but if the penultimate has a vowel of doubtful quantity, it is short and they are paroxytone; 20tasis, phrasis, klisis,20 and all the rest, except for 20rhusis, lusis, praxis, chatis20 and 20prasis;20 this common usage makes paroxytone. 5.32bis also paroxytone are 20ourēthra, daktulēthra.20 Those with the penultimate syllable having the diphthong au are paroxytone; 20saura, laura, aura20 the female slave; but 20aura20 the gentlest breeze is perispomenon; along with these also the proper name 20Phaidra.20 5.33bis Feminines ending in ia are paroxytone, such as 20koilia20, and those with a diphthong in the penultimate, such as 20theia, chreia,20 and those from verbs in euō, such as 20presbeuō presbeia,20 and the like. But feminines in alpha formed from masculines are isochronous with their genitive; and if the genitive ends in a long vowel, the feminine also has a long alpha and is paroxytone; but if the genitive of the masculine ends in a short vowel, the feminine itself also has a short alpha and is properispomenon, such as 20oxus oxeos oxeia, glukus glukeos glukeia;20 for the genitive of the masculine ends in a short vowel and for this reason it itself is also short and is properispomenon; but 20theios theiou theia20 and

βραχεῖά ἐστιν ἡ λήγουσα, προπερι σπῶνται· 20ῥίν ῥινός, ῥῖνα ῥῖνε ῥῖνες ῥῖνας·20 οὕτω καὶ ἐπὶ τῶν ὁμοίων. ∆ιὰ τοῦτο οὐδὲ τὸ 20εὔριν20 προ περισπᾶται, ἐπειδὴ τὸ ι μακρόν ἐστιν. 4.27 Τὰ εἰς υξ προπερισπῶνται, εἰ μακρᾷ παραλήγονται, οἷον 20δοῖδυξ.20 4.28 Τὰ εἰς ος τῷ υ μὴ καθαρῶς παραληγόμενα καὶ ἐπ' αὐτοῦ τὸν τόνον ἔχοντα παροξύνονται· 20κύβος, λύ γος, στύλος, Κύρος20 κύριον, πλῆν τοῦ 20κῦρος20 ἡ ἐξου σία οὐδέτερον, 20μῦθος, θῦμος, τῦφος·20 ἡ δὲ συνήθεια ὀξύνει τὸ 20τύφος.20 Τὰ διὰ τοῦ υνος προπερισπῶνται· 20φρῦνος, θῦνος.20

5.τ Περὶ θηλυκῶν. 5.29 Τὰ διὰ τοῦ αια θηλυκά, εἰ μὲν ἐξ ὀνόματος γένων ται, ἐκτείνουσι τὸ α καὶ

παροξύνονται, οἷον 20δίκη δι καία, σελήνη σεληναία, εὐκταία20 ἀπὸ τοῦ 20εὐχή, ἀπευκταία, περικεφαλαία20 ἀπὸ τοῦ 20κεφαλή, δειλαία20 ἀπὸ τοῦ 20δειλός, κεραία20 ἀπὸ τοῦ 20κέρας·20 σὺν τούτοις καὶ 20ἐλαία20 καὶ 20νεολαία20 ἡ πληθύς· εἰ δὲ μὴ ἐξ ὀνομάτων παράγονται, βραχυκαταληκτοῦσι καὶ προπερι σπῶνται, οἷον 20μαῖα, γαῖα, γραῖα, αἶα,20 καὶ 20Μαῖα20 τὸ κύριον. 5.30 Ἁπλῶς ὅσα ἀπὸ ῥήματος γίνονται, βραχὺ ἔχουσι τὸ α καὶ προπερισπῶνται, εἰ μακρὰ παραλήγεται, οἷόν ἐστι τὸ 20Μοῦσα20 ἐκ τοῦ μῶ τὸ ζητῶ, 20βῆσσα20 ἐκ τοῦ βῶ, καὶ 20νῆσσα20 ἐκ τοῦ νῶ, καὶ 20ἧσσα20 ἐκ τοῦ ἡσσῶ· σὺν τούτοις καὶ τὰ μετοχικά, ὡς ἀπὸ ῥήματος καὶ αὐτά· 20σχοῦσα, τετυ φυῖα, πεποιηκυῖα·20 σὺν αὐτοῖς 20στᾶσα, βᾶσα,20 καὶ τὰ ὅμοια προπερισπῶνται. Τούτοις ἠκολούθησε καὶ τὸ 20πᾶσα.20 5.31 Ἕτερος κανὼν λέγει· τὰ εἰς α λήγοντα θηλυκὰ εἰ ἔχει τὴν παραλήγουσαν διὰ διχρόνου, ἐκτείνει αὐτό· διὸ καὶ προ περισπῶνται 20πᾶσα, στᾶσα, τλᾶσα, γνοῦσα, δει κνυοῦσα· πρύμνα20 δέ, 20πυράγρα20 ὀξεῖαν ἔχουσιν, ὡσαύ τως καὶ τὰ εἰς διπλοῦν λήγοντα· 20ῥίζα, σχίζα, μύξα.20 5.32 Τὰ εἰς ρα θηλυκὰ πρὸ μιᾶς ἔχοντα τὸν τόνον, εἰ μὲν διφθόγγῳ παραλήγονται, προπερισπῶνται, οἷον 20σφαῖρα, μοῖρα, στεῖρα·20 εἰ δὲ μονοφθόγγῳ παραλήγονται, παροξύνονται· 20Ἥρα, χήρα, χώρα, ὥρα·20 καὶ τὰ διχρόνῳ παραληγόμενα· 20λύρα, θύρα, σφύρα.20 5.33 Τὰ διὰ τοῦ εια θηλυκὰ μακρὸν ἔχουσι τὸ α, κἂν ἀπὸ τῶν διὰ ευω ῥημάτων γένων ται, οἷον τὸ 20πρεσβεία20 καὶ τὸ 20δουλεία,20 πλὴν εἰ μὴ ἀπὸ τῶν εἰς υς ἀρσενικῶν διὰ τοῦ εος κλινο μένων γίνονται· τὰ τοιαῦτα βραχὺ ἔχουσι τὸ α καὶ εἰκότως περισπῶνται. 5.34 Τὰ εἰς ας ὀξύνονται θηλυκὰ καὶ διὰ τοῦ δος κλί νονται· 20μονάς, τριάς, λαμ πάς· τῆς μονάδος, τῆς λαμπάδος, τῆς τριάδος.20 5.35 Τὰ εἰς ις θηλυκὰ μακρᾷ παραληγόμενα προπερισπῶν ται· 20ῥῆσις, λῆξις20 καὶ 20θραῦ σις·20 εἰ δὲ διχρόνῳ παραλήγεται, βραχὺ ἔχει τὸ δίχρονον καὶ παροξύνονται· 20τάσις, φρά σις, κλίσις,20 καὶ τὰ λοιπὰ πάντα, πλὴν τοῦ 20ῥῦσις, λῦ σις, πρᾶξις, χᾶτις20 καὶ 20πρᾶσις·20 τοῦτο ἡ συνήθεια παροξύνει. 5.32βις ἔτι παροξύνονται καὶ τὸ 20οὐ ρήθρα, δακτυλήθρα.20 Τὰ τῇ αυ διφθόγγῳ παρα ληγόμενα παροξύνονται· 20σαύ ρα, λαύρα, αὔρα20 ἡ δούλη· 20αὖρα20 δὲ ἡ λεπτοτάτη πνοὴ περισπᾶται· σὺν τούτοις καὶ τὸ 20Φαίδρα20 κύριον. 5.33βις Τὰ διὰ τοῦ ια θηλυκὰ παροξύνονται, οἷον 20κοιλία20, καὶ τὰ διφθόγγῳ παραληγό μενα, οἷον 20θεία, χρεία,20 καὶ τὰ ἀπὸ τῶν ευω, οἷον 20πρε σβεύω πρεσβεία,20 καὶ τὰ ὅμοια. Τὰ δὲ εἰς α θηλυκὰ παρε σχηματισμένα ἀρσενικοῖς τῇ γενικῇ τούτων ἰσοχρονεῖ· καὶ εἰ μὲν ἡ γενικὴ εἰς μακρὸν λήγει, καὶ τὸ α μακρὸν ἔχει τὸ θηλυκὸν καὶ παροξύνεται· εἰ δὲ ἡ γενικὴ τοῦ ἀρσενικοῦ εἰς βραχὺ λήγει, καὶ αὐτὸ τὸ θηλυκὸν βραχὺ ἔχει τὸ α καὶ προπερισπᾶται, οἷον 20ὀξύς ὀξέος ὀξεῖα, γλυκύς γλυ κέος γλυκεῖα·20 ἡ γὰρ γενικὴ τοῦ ἀρσενικοῦ εἰς βραχὺ λή γει καὶ διὰ τοῦτο καὶ αὐτὸ βραχύ ἐστι καὶ προπερισπᾶται· τὸ δὲ 20θείος θείου θεία20 καὶ