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of nature, is either wholly incomprehensible, or completely comprehensible. For what shall we seek of that which is of a simple nature? For simplicity is not its nature 36.320; any more than for composite beings, only to be composite.

8. But since the infinite is contemplated in two ways, in respect to beginning and end (for that which is beyond these, and not in these, is infinite), when the mind looks into the abyss above, having nowhere to stand or to rest its conceptions of God, it has called this infinite and inaccessible thing, 'without beginning'; but when it looks to the things below and that come after, 'immortal' and 'indestructible'; and when it takes in the whole, 'eternal'. For 'aeon' is neither time, nor any part of time; for it is not measurable; but what time, measured by the course of the sun, is to us, this the aeon is to the everlasting, that which is coextensive with beings, a sort of temporal movement and interval. Let these things be my philosophy about God for now. For there is no time for more, since our subject is not theology, but economy. But when I say God, I mean Father, and Son, and Holy Spirit; the Godhead neither being diffused beyond these, lest we introduce a crowd of gods; nor being limited within these, lest we be condemned for a poverty of Godhead, either Judaizing on account of monarchy, or Hellenizing on account of abundance. For the evil is alike in both, though found in opposite principles. Thus, then, the Holy of holies, which is veiled even by the Seraphim, and is glorified with three sanctifications, which come together into one lordship and one Godhead; which also has been most beautifully and loftily philosophized by one of those before us.

9. But since it was not sufficient for goodness to be moved only by the contemplation of itself, but the good had to be poured forth and go abroad, that there might be more to receive its benefits (for this was of the highest goodness), He first of all conceives the angelic and heavenly powers; and the conception was a work, fulfilled by the Word, and perfected by the Spirit. And so there came into being secondary splendors, ministers of the first splendor; whether intelligent spirits, or a kind of fire, immaterial and incorporeal, or some other nature, as near as possible to what has been said, must these be supposed 36.321. I wish to say that they are immovable toward evil, and having only the motion of the good, being about God, and illuminated with the first light from God; for the things here, of a secondary illumination But I am persuaded not to call them immovable, but hard to move, and to suppose and say of them, that he who was Lucifer on account of his splendor, became and is called darkness on account of his pride, and the apostate powers under him, creators of evil by their flight from the good, and our prompters.

10. Thus, then, and for these reasons, the intelligible world came into being for him, so that I, at least, might philosophize about these things, weighing great things with a small account. And since the first things were well with him, he conceives a second world, material and visible; and this is the system and composition of heaven and earth, and the things between them, praiseworthy for the excellence of each part, but more worthy of praise for the harmony and concord of the whole, one thing being well ordered with another, and all with all, to the completion of one world; that he might show that he is able to bring into being not only a nature akin to himself, but also one entirely foreign. For akin to the Godhead are the intelligible natures, which are apprehended by the mind alone; but altogether foreign are those that are under sense-perception, and still further from these, those that are entirely inanimate and immovable. But what are these things to us, someone of the excessively festival-loving and more zealous might say? Spur the colt around the turning-post. Philosophize for us on the things of the feast, and for which we are gathered here today. This indeed I will do, although I began a little from on high, since desire and reason so compelled me.

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φύσεως, ἢ ὅλον ἄληπτον εἶναι, ἢ τελέως ληπτόν. Τί γὰρ ὃς ἁπλῆς ἐστι φύσεως, ἐπι ζητήσωμεν. Οὐ γὰρ δὴ τοῦτο φύσις αὐτῷ ἡ ἁπλό 36.320 της· εἴπερ μηδὲ τοῖς συνθέτοις, μόνον τὸ εἶναι συν θέτοις.

Ηʹ. ∆ιχῆ δὲ τοῦ ἀπείρου θεωρουμένου, κατά τε ἀρχὴν καὶ τέλος (τὸ γὰρ ὑπὲρ ταῦτα, καὶ μὴ ἐν τού τοις, ἄπειρον), ὅταν μὲν εἰς τὸν ἄνω βυθὸν ὁ νοῦς ἀποβλέψῃ, οὐκ ἔχων ὅποι στῇ καὶ ἀπερείσηται ταῖς περὶ Θεοῦ φαντασίαις, τὸ ἐνταῦθα ἄπειρον καὶ ἀνέκβατον, ἄναρχον προσηγόρευσεν· ὅταν δὲ εἰς τὰ κάτω καὶ τὰ ἑξῆς, ἀθάνατον καὶ ἀνώλεθρον· ὅταν δὲ συνέλῃ τὸ πᾶν, αἰώνιον. Αἰὼν γὰρ, οὔτε χρό νος, οὔτε χρόνου τι μέρος· οὐδὲ γὰρ μετρητόν· ἀλλ' ὅπερ ἡμῖν ὁ χρόνος, ἡλίου φορᾷ μετρούμενος, τοῦτο τοῖς ἀϊδίοις, αἰὼν, τὸ συμπαρεκτεινόμενον τοῖς οὖσιν, οἷόν τι χρονικὸν κίνημα, καὶ διάστημα. Ταῦτά μοι περὶ Θεοῦ πεφιλοσοφήσθω τανῦν. Οὐδὲ γὰρ ὑπὲρ ταῦτα καιρὸς, ὅτι μὴ θεολογία τὸ προκείμενον ἡμῖν, ἀλλ' οἰκονομία. Θεοῦ δὲ ὅταν εἴπω, λέγω Πατρὸς, καὶ Υἱοῦ, καὶ ἁγίου Πνεύματος· οὔτε ὑπὲρ ταῦτα τῆς θεότητος χεομένης, ἵνα μὴ δῆμον θεῶν εἰσαγάγωμεν· οὔτε ἐντὸς τούτων ὁριζομένης, ἵνα μὴ πενίαν θεότητος κατακριθῶμεν, ἢ διὰ τὴν μοναρχίαν Ἰου δαΐζοντες, ἢ διὰ τὴν ἀφθονίαν Ἑλληνίζοντες. Τὸ γὰρ κακὸν ἐν ἀμφοτέροις ὅμοιον, κἂν ἐν τοῖς ἐναντίοις εὑρίσκηται. Οὕτω μὲν οὖν τὰ Ἅγια τῶν ἁγίων, ἃ καὶ τοῖς σεραφὶμ συγκαλύπτεται, καὶ δοξάζεται τρισὶν ἁγιασμοῖς, εἰς μίαν συνιοῦσι κυριότητα καὶ θεότητα· ὃ καὶ ἄλλῳ τινὶ τῶν πρὸ ἡμῶν πεφι λοσόφηται κάλλιστά τε καὶ ὑψηλότατα.

Θʹ. Ἐπεὶ δὲ οὐκ ἤρκει τῇ ἀγαθότητι τοῦτο, τὸ κινεῖσθαι μόνον τῇ ἑαυτῆς θεωρίᾳ, ἀλλ' ἔδει χεθῆναι τὸ ἀγαθὸν καὶ ὁδεῦσαι, ὡς πλείονα εἶναι τὰ εὐεργετούμενα (τοῦτο γὰρ τῆς ἄκρας ἦν ἀγαθότητος), πρῶ τον μὲν ἐννοεῖ τὰς ἀγγελικὰς δυνάμεις καὶ οὐρανίους· καὶ τὸ ἐννόημα ἔργον ἦν, Λόγῳ συμπληρούμενον, καὶ Πνεύματι τελειούμενον. Καὶ οὕτως ὑπέστησαν λαμπρότητες δεύτεραι, λειτουργοὶ τῆς πρώτης λαμπρότητος· εἴτε νοερὰ πνεύματα, εἴτε πῦρ οἷον ἄϋλον καὶ ἀσώματον, εἴτε τινὰ φύσιν ἄλλην, ὅτι ἐγγυτάτω τῶν εἰρημένων, ταύτας ὑπο 36.321 ληπτέον. Βούλομαι μὲν εἰπεῖν, ὅτι ἀκινήτους πρὸς τὸ κακὸν, καὶ μόνην ἐχούσας τὴν τοῦ καλοῦ κίνησιν, ἅτε περὶ Θεὸν οὔσας, καὶ τὰ πρῶτα ἐκ Θεοῦ λαμπο μένας· τὰ γὰρ ἐνταῦθα, δευτέρας ἐλλάμψεως Πείθει δέ με, μὴ ἀκινήτους, ἀλλὰ δυσκινήτους, καὶ ὑπο λαμβάνειν ταύτας, καὶ λέγειν, ὁ διὰ τὴν λαμπρότητα Ἑωσφόρος, σκότος διὰ τὴν ἔπαρσιν καὶ γενόμενος, καὶ λεγόμενος, αἵ τε ὑπ' αὐτὸν ἀποστατικαὶ δυνάμεις, δημιουργοὶ τῆς κακίας, τῇ τοῦ καλοῦ φυγῇ, καὶ ἡμῖν πρόξενοι.

Ιʹ. Οὕτω μὲν οὖν ὁ νοητὸς αὐτῷ, καὶ διὰ ταῦτα ὑπέστη κόσμος, ὡς ἐμὲ γοῦν περὶ τούτων φιλοσοφῆσαι, μικρῷ λόγῳ τὰ μεγάλα σταθμώμενον. Ἐπεὶ δὲ τὰ πρῶτα καλῶς εἶχεν αὐτῷ, δεύτερον ἐννοεῖ κό σμον ὑλικὸν καὶ ὁρώμενον· καὶ οὗτός ἐστι τὸ ἐξ οὐρανοῦ καὶ γῆς, καὶ τῶν ἐν μέσῳ σύστημά τε καὶ σύγκριμα, ἐπαινετὸν μὲν τῆς καθ' ἕκαστον εὐφυΐας, ἀξιεπαινετώτερον δὲ τῆς ἐξ ἁπάντων εὐαρμοστίας καὶ συμφωνίας, ἄλλου πρὸς ἄλλο τι καλῶς ἔχοντος, καὶ πάντων πρὸς ἅπαντα, εἰς ἑνὸς κόσμου συμπλή ρωσιν· ἵνα δείξῃ, μὴ μόνον οἰκείαν ἑαυτῷ φύσιν, ἀλλὰ καὶ πάντη ξένην ὑποστήσασθαι δυνατὸς ὤν. Οἰκεῖον μὲν γὰρ θεότητος, αἱ νοεραὶ φύσεις, καὶ νῷ μόνῳ ληπταί· ξένον δὲ παντάπασιν, ὅσαι ὑπὸ τὴν αἴσθησιν, καὶ τούτων αὐτῶν ἔτι ποῤῥωτέρω, ὅσαι παντελῶς ἄψυχοι καὶ ἀκίνητοι· Ἀλλὰ τί τούτων ἡμῖν, τάχα ἂν εἴποι τις τῶν λίαν φιλεόρτων καὶ θερμοτέρων; Κέντει τὸν πῶλον περὶ τὴν νύσ σαν. Τὰ τῆς ἑορτῆς ἡμῖν φιλοσόφει, καὶ οἷς προκαθεζόμεθα σήμερον. Τοῦτο δὴ καὶ ποιήσω, καὶ εἰ μι κρὸν ἄνωθεν ἠρξάμην, οὕτω τοῦ πόθου καὶ τοῦ λόγου βιασαμένων.