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is estranged from the life of virtue, nor again is God known only in Judea to the worthy, nor is Zion, according to the literal sense, the divine dwelling-place, but we have need of a more subtle understanding and a keener vision, so as to see clearly from the history from which Chaldeans or Egyptians we must be far removed and from what Babylonian captivity we must be released to embark on the blessed life. 1.15 Let Moses, then, be set before us in this discourse as a model of life, whose life we shall first run through in summary, as we have learned from the divine Scripture, so we shall seek out the meaning appropriate to the history as an instruction in virtue, through which we shall come to know the perfect life, so far as is possible for humans. 1.16 It is said, then, that Moses was born at a time when the tyrant's law forbade the male children among those born to be kept alive, but that by grace he anticipated all the contribution made by time; and immediately from his swaddling clothes, appearing comely, he caused his parents to shrink from destroying such a one by death; 1.17 then, as the tyrant's threat prevailed, he was not simply cast into the current of the Nile, but, having been exposed in a certain ark, smeared along its joints with bitumen and pitch, he was thus given to the stream (for so have those who carefully recounted the events concerning him narrated); and as some divine power was guiding the ark, it came to land at a certain sloping bank, the ark being automatically washed up to that spot by the surge of the waters; and when the king's daughter came upon the meadows of that bank where the ark happened to have run aground, he became a discovery for the princess, crying out like an infant in the chest; and seen with the grace that shone upon him, he immediately won the princess's favor and was taken up into the position of a son; but having naturally turned away from the foreign breast, by a certain contrivance of his kinswomen he was reared at his mother's breast. 1.18 Having now passed the age of childhood, with a royal upbringing and educated in secular learning, he chose not those things that were esteemed glorious by outsiders, nor did he any longer deign to acknowledge that sophisticate as his mother by whom he had been adopted into the position of a son, but returned again to his natural mother and mixed with his own people; and when a fight broke out between a certain Hebrew and an Egyptian, he sided with his own kinsman and killed the foreigner; then, when two certain Hebrews were fighting with each other, he tried to quell their contentiousness, advising that, being brothers, it was not good to make anger the arbiter of their disputes, but rather their common nature. 1.19 But being pushed away by the one who was inclined toward injustice, he made this dishonor an occasion for a greater philosophy and, getting far away from the company of the crowd, he lived a private life thereafter, having become related by marriage to one of the foreigners, a man discerning of what is better and experienced in judging the characters and lives of men, who, through a single action—I mean, his rush against the shepherds—perceived the young man's virtue, how he had fought for justice not looking to his own gain, but judging justice itself to be honorable in its own nature, he punished the injustice of the shepherds, who had wronged him in no way; having admired the young man for these things and judging his virtue in apparent poverty to be more precious than wealth of many talents, he both gave his daughter to him in marriage and gave him authority to pursue the life that was according to his heart. And his life was one of the mountains and solitary, free from all the turmoil of the marketplace, living privately in the care of his sheep throughout the wilderness. 1.20 And when time had passed in this sort of life, the history says that a formidable theophany appeared to him, at high noon, another light brighter than the sun's light having flashed around his eyes; and he, astonished by the strangeness of the sight, looked up toward the mountain and saw a bush from which the radiance was kindled like a fire; and as the branches of the bush were sprouting up together with the flame as if in dew, he said to himself these words: I will turn aside and see

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τις τοῦ κατ' ἀρετὴν ἐξοικίζεται, οὐδ' αὖ πάλιν ἐν τῇ Ἰουδαίᾳ μόνον γνωστὸς ὁ Θεὸς τοῖς ἀξίοις γίνεται, οὐδὲ Σιὼν κατὰ τὴν πρόχειρον ἔννοιαν τὸ θεῖόν ἐστιν οἰκητήριον, ἀλλά τινος λεπτοτέρας ἡμῖν χρεία τῆς διανοίας καὶ ὀξυτέρας τῆς ὄψεως, ὡς διϊδεῖν ἐκ τῆς ἱστορίας ποίων Χαλδαίων ἢ Αἰγυπτίων πόρρω γενόμενοι καὶ ποίας Βαβυλωνίων αἰχμα λωσίας ἀπολυθέντες τοῦ μακαρίου βίου ἐπιβησόμεθα. 1.15 Μωϋσῆς τοίνυν ἡμῖν εἰς ὑπόδειγμα βίου προτεθήτω τῷ λόγῳ, οὗ τὸν βίον πρῶτον ἐν ἐπιδρομῇ διελθόντες, καθὼς παρὰ τῆς θείας Γραφῆς μεμαθήκαμεν, οὕτω τὴν πρόσφορον τῇ ἱστορίᾳ διάνοιαν εἰς ἀρετῆς ὑποθήκην ἀναζητήσομεν, δι' ἧς τὸν τέλειον ὡς ἐν ἀνθρώποις βίον ἐπιγνωσόμεθα. 1.16 Λέγεται τοίνυν ὁ Μωϋσῆς τεχθῆναι μέν, ὅτε ζωογο νεῖσθαι τὸ ἄρρεν ἐν τοῖς τικτομένοις ὁ τοῦ τυράννου νόμος διεκώλυε, προλαβεῖν δὲ τῇ χάριτι πᾶσαν τὴν ὑπὸ τοῦ χρόνου γινομένην συνεισφοράν· καὶ εὐθὺς ἀπὸ σπαργάνων ἀστεῖος ὀφθεὶς ὄκνον ἐμποιῆσαι τοῖς γεννησαμένοις θανάτῳ τὸν τοιοῦτον ἐξαφανίσαι· 1.17 εἶθ' ὡς ὑπερίσχυεν ἡ ἀπειλὴ τοῦ τυράννου, μὴ ἁπλῶς ἐρριφῆναι τῷ ῥείθρῳ τοῦ Νείλου, ἀλλ' ἐκτεθεὶς κιβωτῷ τινι, ἀσφάλτῳ καὶ πίσσῃ κατὰ τὰς ἁρμονίας διαχρισθείσῃ, οὕτω δοθῆναι τῷ ῥεύματι (τοῦτο γὰρ οἱ δι' ἐπιμελείας τὰ κατ' αὐτὸν ἱστορήσαντες διηγή σαντο)· θείας δέ τινος δυνάμεως τὴν κιβωτὸν κυβερνώσης, ἐπί τινα κατὰ τὸ πλάγιον ὄχθην ἐξορμισθῆναι, αὐτομάτως τῆς κιβωτοῦ κατ' ἐκεῖνο τὸ μέρος ὑπὸ τῆς φορᾶς τῶν ὑδάτων ἐκκυμανθείσης· τῆς δὲ θυγατρὸς τοῦ βασιλέως ἐπιούσης τοὺς λειμῶνας τῆς ὄχθης ἐκείνης ᾗ ἔτυχεν ἡ κιβωτὸς ἐπο κείλασα, εὕρημα γενέσθαι τῇ βασιλίδι, βρεφικῶς ἐμβοήσας τῇ λάρνακι· ὀφθεὶς δὲ μετὰ τῆς ἐπιφαινομένης αὐτῷ χάριτος, εὐθὺς οἰκειώσασθαι δι' εὐνοίας τὴν βασιλίδα καὶ εἰς υἱοῦ τάξιν ἀναληφθῆναι· ἀποστραφεὶς δὲ φυσικῶς τὴν ἀλλόφυλον θηλήν, ἐπινοίᾳ τινὶ τῶν πρὸς γένους οἰκείων ἀνατραφῆναι τῷ μητρῴῳ μαζῷ. 1.18 Ἐκβὰς δὲ ἤδη τὴν ἡλικίαν τῶν παίδων, ἐν βασιλικῇ τῇ τροφῇ καὶ παιδευθεὶς τὴν ἔξωθεν παίδευσιν, ἃ δόξης ἐνομίζετο παρὰ τοῖς ἔξωθεν οὐχ ἑλέσθαι οὐδ' ἔτι καταδέξασθαι τὴν σεσοφισμένην ἐκείνην ὁμολογεῖν μητέρα ᾗπερ εἰς υἱοῦ τάξιν εἰσεποιήθη, ἀλλ' ἐπὶ τὴν κατὰ φύσιν ἐπανελθεῖν πάλιν καὶ τοῖς ὁμοφύλοις ἐγκαταμιχθῆναι· μάχης δὲ συστάσης Ἑβραίῳ τινὶ πρὸς Αἰγύπτιον, συμμαχῆσαί τε τῷ οἰκείῳ καὶ ἀνελεῖν τὸν ἀλλόφυλον· εἶτα συμπλακέντων ἀλλήλοις Ἑβραίων δύο τινῶν, καταστέλλειν αὐτοῖς τὴν φιλονεικίαν πειρᾶσθαι, συμβουλεύσας καλῶς ἔχειν ἀδελφοὺς ὄντας μὴ θυμὸν διαιτητὴν ποιεῖσθαι τῶν ἀμφισβητημάτων, ἀλλὰ τὴν φύσιν. 1.19 Ἀπωσθεὶς δὲ παρὰ τοῦ πρὸς τὴν ἀδικίαν βλέποντος, ἀφορμὴν τῆς μείζονος φιλοσοφίας τὴν ἀτιμίαν ταύτην ποιήσασθαι καί, τῆς μετὰ τῶν πολλῶν συνδιαγωγῆς πόρρω γενόμενος, ἰδιάσαι τῷ μετὰ ταῦτα βίῳ, κηδεύσας τινὶ τῶν ἀλλοφύλων, ἀνδρὶ διορατικῷ τοῦ βελτίονος καὶ κρίνειν ἤθη τε καὶ βίον ἀνθρώπων ἐπεσκεμμένῳ, ὃς διὰ μιᾶς πράξεως, λέγω δὴ τῆς κατὰ τῶν ποιμένων ὁρμῆς, ἐνιδὼν τοῦ νέου τὴν ἀρετήν, ὅπως οὐ πρὸς οἰκεῖον βλέπων κέρδος τοῦ δικαίου ὑπερεμάχησεν, ἀλλ' αὐτὸ τὸ δίκαιον τίμιον τῇ ἰδίᾳ φύσει κρίνων, τὴν ἀδικίαν τῶν ποιμένων ἐκόλασε τῶν εἰς ἐκεῖνον πεπλημμεληκότων οὐδέν, ἀγασθεὶς ἐπὶ τούτοις τὸν νέον καὶ τοῦ πολυταλάντου πλούτου τιμιωτέραν αὐτοῦ τὴν ἀρετὴν ἐν τῇ φαινομένῃ πενίᾳ κρίνας, συνοικίζει τε αὐτῷ τὴν θυγατέρα καὶ κατ' ἐξουσίαν ἀφῆκε τὸν καταθύμιον μετιέναι βίον. Τῷ δὲ ἦν ὄρειός τε καὶ ἰδιάζουσα ἡ ζωή, πασῆς ἀγοραίου τύρβης ἀπηλλαγμένη, ἐν τῇ τῶν προβάτων ἐπιμελείᾳ κατὰ τὴν ἔρημον ἰδιάζοντι. 1.20 Χρόνου δὲ διαγεγονότος ἐν τῷ τοιούτῳ τῆς ζωῆς εἴδει, φησὶν ἡ ἱστορία φοβερὰν αὐτῷ γενέσθαι θεοφάνειαν, ἐν σταθερᾷ μεσημβρίᾳ φωτὸς ἑτέρου ὑπὲρ τὸ ἡλιακὸν φῶς τὰς ὄψεις περιαστράψαντος· τὸν δὲ ξενισθέντα τῷ ἀήθει τῆς θέας ἀναβλέψαι τε πρὸς τὸ ὄρος καὶ ἰδεῖν θάμνον ἀφ' οὗ πυροειδῶς τὸ φέγγος ἐξήπτετο· τῶν δὲ κλάδων τοῦ θάμνου καθάπερ ἐν δρόσῳ τῇ φλογὶ συναναθαλλόντων, εἰπεῖν πρὸς ἑαυτὸν τὰ ῥήματα ταῦτα, ὅτι· διαβὰς ὄψομαι