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for it kindles luxuries; and it increases the love of pleasure, and it injects goads into excessive desires, devising certain stones, pearls and emeralds and jacinths, and gold, working some of it, and weaving some of it, and through every kind of bad taste, it increases the disease. For the concern for these things is not a side-issue, but both nights and days hold anxieties about these things. And countless flatterers, running to serve their desires, gather the flower-dyers, the goldsmiths, the perfume-makers, the weavers, the embroiderers. She gives her husband no time to breathe from her continual commands. No wealth is sufficient when serving women's desires, not even if it should flow in from rivers; when barbaric perfume is sought after by them like oil from the marketplace, and the flowers of the sea, the purple-fish, the pinna, more than wool from sheep. And gold, binding the costly stones, some becomes an ornament for their forehead, another for their neck; and another in girdles, and another binds their hands and their feet. For gold-loving women rejoice in being bound with handcuffs, only if that which binds them is gold. When then will he who serves women's desires care for his soul? For just as storms and tempests attack the unsound parts of cities, so the wicked dispositions of women overwhelm the weak souls of their husbands. Since wealth is pulled in so many directions by a husband and a wife, who outdo one another in the invention of vanities, it is natural that it has no opportunity to look out towards those outside. But if you hear, "Sell your possessions, and give to the poor, that you may have provisions for the eternal enjoyment," you go away grieving; but if you hear, "Give money to luxurious women, give to stonecutters, carpenters, mosaic-workers, painters," you rejoice as if you were acquiring something more valuable than money. Do you not see these walls that have been ruined by time, whose remains, like some reefs, stand out throughout the whole city? How many poor were there in the city when these were being built, who, because of the concern for these things, were overlooked by the rich of that time? Where then is the splendid construction of the works? And where is the one who was envied for the magnificence of these things? Have not these things been thrown into confusion and vanished, just like the things artfully made in play in the sand by children, while he lies in Hades, repenting for his zeal for vanities? Have a great soul; for both small and larger walls fulfill the same need. Whenever I enter the house of a man of bad taste and of new wealth, and I see it brightened with all sorts of flowers, I know that this man possesses nothing more valuable than the things that are seen, but he adorns inanimate things, while he has an unadorned soul. What greater need, tell me, do silver couches and silver tables, ivory beds and ivory chairs provide, so that wealth for these things does not cross over to the poor, although countless stand at the door, uttering every piteous cry? But you refuse the gift, saying that it is impossible to provide for those who ask. And with your tongue you deny it under oath, but by your hand you are refuted; for your silent hand proclaims your lie, flashing from the bezel of your ring. How many can one of your rings release from debt? How many falling houses can it restore? One of your chests of clothes can clothe a whole shivering populace; but you endure sending the poor man away empty-handed, not fearing the just retribution of the judge. You did not show mercy, you will not receive mercy; you did not open your house, you will be sent away from the kingdom; you did not give bread, you will not receive eternal life.

5 -But you say you are poor; and I agree. For he is poor who is in need of many things. And the insatiability of desire makes you in need of many things. You are eager to add another ten talents to ten talents; when it becomes twenty, others

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γὰρ τρυφὰς ἀναφλέγει· καὶ τὰς φιληδονίας συναύξει, καὶ κέντρα ταῖς περιέργοις ἐπιθυμίαις ἐνίησι, λίθους τινὰς ἐπι νοοῦσα, μαργαρίτας καὶ σμαράγδους καὶ ὑακίνθους, καὶ χρυσὸν, τὸν μὲν χαλκεύουσα, τὸν δὲ ἐξυφαίνουσα, καὶ διὰ πάσης ἀπειροκαλίας τὴν νόσον αὔξουσα. Οὐ γὰρ ἐκ παρέργου ἡ περὶ ταῦτα σπουδὴ, ἀλλὰ καὶ νύκτες καὶ ἡμέραι τὰς περὶ τούτων μερίμνας ἔχουσι. Καὶ μυρίοι τινὲς κόλακες, ταῖς ἐπιθυμίαις αὐτῶν ὑποτρέχοντες, συνάγουσι τοὺς ἀνθοβαφεῖς, τοὺς χρυ σοχόους, τοὺς μυρεψοὺς, τοὺς ὑφάντας, τοὺς ποικιλτάς. Οὐδένα χρόνον ἀναπνεῖν δίδωσι τῷ ἀνδρὶ ἐκ τῶν συνεχῶν αὐτῆς ἐπιταγμάτων. Οὐδεὶς ἐξαρκεῖ πλοῦτος ταῖς γυναικείαις ἐπιθυμίαις ὑπηρετούμενος, οὐδ' ἂν ἐκ ποταμῶν ἐπιῤῥέῃ· ὅταν σπουδάζηται μὲν παρ' αὐταῖς τὸ βαρβαρικὸν μύρον, ὡς τὸ ἐξ ἀγορᾶς ἔλαιον, τὰ δὲ ἐκ θαλάττης ἄνθη, ἡ κόχλος, ἡ πίννα, ὑπὲρ τὸ ἐκ τῶν προβάτων ἔριον. Χρυσὸς δὲ, περισφίγγων τοὺς βαρυτίμους τῶν λίθων, ὁ μέν τις αὐταῖς προμετωπίδιος γίνεται κόσμος, ὁ δὲ περιαυχένιος· καὶ ἄλλος ἐν ζώναις, καὶ ἄλλος τὰς χεῖρας δεσμεῖ καὶ τοὺς πόδας. Χαί ρουσι γὰρ αἱ φιλόχρυσοι δεδεμέναι ταῖς χειροπέδαις, μόνον ἐὰν χρυσὸς ὁ δεσμῶν αὐτὰς ᾖ. Πότε οὖν ψυχῆς ἐπιμελήσεται ὁ γυναικείαις ἐπιθυμίαις ὑπηρετούμενος; Ὥσπερ γὰρ τὰ ὑπόσαθρα τῶν πολίων καταιγίδες καὶ ζάλαι, οὕτως αἱ πονηραὶ τῶν γυναικῶν διαθέσεις τὰς ἀσθενεῖς ψυχὰς τῶν συνοικούντων καταβαπτίζουσι. Πρὸς τοσαῦτα δὴ οὖν διελκόμενος ὁ πλοῦτος ὑπὸ ἀνδρὸς καὶ γυναικὸς, ἀλλήλους νικώντων ταῖς ἐφευρέσεσι τῶν ματαίων, εἰκότως οὐδένα καιρὸν ἔχει πρὸς τοὺς ἔξωθεν παρακύπτειν. Ἀλλ' ἐὰν μὲν ἀκούσῃς· Πώλησόν σου τὰ ὑπάρχοντα, καὶ δὸς πτωχοῖς· ἵνα ἔχῃς ἐφόδια πρὸς τὴν αἰωνίαν ἀπόλαυσιν, ἀπέρχῃ λυπούμενος· ἐὰν δὲ ἀκούσῃς· ∆ὸς χρήματα γυναιξὶ χλιδώσαις, δὸς λιθοξόοις, τέκτοσι, ψηφοθέ ταις, ζωγράφοις, χαίρεις ὡς δή τι χρημάτων τιμιώτερον κατακτώμενος. Οὐχ ὁρᾷς τοὺς τοίχους τούτους τοὺς ὑπὸ τοῦ χρόνου καταῤῥυέντας, ὧν τὰ λείψανα, ὥσπερ σκόπελοί τινες, διὰ τῆς πόλεως πάσης ἀνέχουσιν; Πόσοι ἦσαν κατὰ τὴν πόλιν πένητες, τούτων ἐγειρομένων, οἳ διὰ τὴν περὶ ταῦτα σπουδὴν ὑπὸ τῶν τότε πλουσίων παρεωρῶντο; Ποῦ τοίνυν ἡ λαμπρὰ τῶν ἔργων κατασκευή; ποῦ δὲ ὁ ἐπὶ τῇ τούτων μεγαλουργίᾳ ζηλούμενος; Οὐ τὰ μὲν συγκέχυται καὶ ἠφάνισται, ὥσπερ τὰ κατὰ παιδιὰν ἐν ταῖς ψάμμοις ὑπὸ τῶν παίδων φιλοτεχνούμενα, ὁ δὲ ἐν τῷ ᾅδῃ κεῖται, ἐπὶ τῇ σπουδῇ τῶν ματαίων μεταμελόμενος; Μεγάλην ἔχε τὴν ψυχήν· τοῖχοι δὲ καὶ μικροὶ καὶ μείζους τὴν αὐτὴν χρείαν πληροῦσιν. Ὅταν παρέλθω εἰς οἰκίαν ἀνδρὸς ἀπειροκάλου καὶ ὀψιπλούτου, καὶ ἴδω αὐτὴν παντοίοις γεγανωμένην ἄνθεσιν, οἶδα ὅτι οὗτος οὐδὲν τῶν ὁρωμένων τιμιώτερον κέκτηται, ἀλλὰ τὰ μὲν ἄψυχα καλλωπίζει, τὴν δὲ ψυχὴν ἀκόσμητον ἔχει. Ποίαν, εἰπέ μοι, χρείαν περισσοτέραν παρέχουσιν ἀργυραῖ κλῖναι καὶ τράπεζαι ἀργυραῖ, ἐλεφάντιναι στιβάδες καὶ ἐλεφάντινοι δίφροι, ὥστε τὸν πλοῦτον διὰ ταῦτα μὴ διαβαίνειν πρὸς τοὺς πτωχοὺς, καίτοι μυρίοι ἐφεστᾶσι τῇ θύρᾳ, πᾶσαν ἐλεεινὴν ἀφιέντες φωνήν; Σὺ δὲ ἀρνῇ τὴν δόσιν, ἀδύνατον εἶναι λέγων ἐπαρκεῖν τοῖς αἰτοῦσι. Καὶ τῇ μὲν γλώσσῃ ἐξόμνυσαι, ὑπὸ δὲ τῆς χειρὸς διελέγχῃ· σιωπῶσα γάρ σου ἡ χεὶρ τὴν ψευδολογίαν κηρύσσει, περιαστραπτομένη ὑπὸ τῆς ἐπὶ τοῦ δακτυλίου σφενδόνης. Πόσους δύναται εἷς σου δακτύλιος χρεῶν ἀπολῦσαι; πόσους οἴκους καταπίπτοντας ἀνορθῶσαι; Μία σου κιβωτὸς τῶν ἱματίων δύναται δῆμον ὅλον ῥιγοῦντα περιβαλεῖν· ἀλλ' ὑπομένεις ἄπρα κτον ἀποπέμψαι τὸν πένητα, οὐ φοβούμενος τὸ δίκαιον τῆς ἀνταποδόσεως τοῦ κριτοῦ. Οὐκ ἠλέησας, οὐκ ἐλεηθήσῃ· οὐκ ἤνοιξας τὴν οἰκίαν, ἀπο πεμφθήσῃ τῆς βασιλείας· οὐκ ἔδωκας τὸν ἄρτον, οὐ λήψῃ τὴν αἰώνιον ζωήν.

5 -Ἀλλὰ πένητα λέγεις σαυτόν· κἀγὼ συντίθεμαι. Πένης γάρ ἐστιν ὁ πολλῶν ἐνδεής. Πολλῶν δὲ ὑμᾶς ἐνδεεῖς ποιεῖ τὸ τῆς ἐπιθυμίας ἀκόρεσ τον. Τοῖς δέκα ταλάντοις δέκα ἕτερα προστιθέναι σπουδάζεις· ἐπειδὰν εἴκοσι γένηται, ἄλλα