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their guilt will be greater than their sins. For this reason he says: When you have done all things, say, We are unprofitable servants. But if those who do all things ought to be humbled, much more is it right for the one who has sinned both to mourn and to count himself among the last. Which, therefore, making clear at that time, he said: And did you not rather mourn? What are you saying? Another has sinned, and I shall mourn? Yes, he says; for we are bound to one another like a body and its members; and in the case of the body, even if the foot receives a wound, we see the head bending down. And yet what is more dignified than it? But it does not consider its own dignity in the time of misfortune; so you also should do. For this reason Paul also exhorts: To rejoice with those who rejoice, and to weep with those who weep. For this reason also he says to the Corinthians: And did you not rather mourn, so that he who has done this deed might be removed from the midst 49.281 of you? He did not say, And did you not rather make haste, but what? Did you not rather mourn, as if a common disease and plague had seized the city; all but saying: There is need of prayer and confession and supplication, so that the disease may be driven out of the whole city. Do you see how much fear he suspended over them? For since they thought that the terrible thing was confined to that one man only, he puts them in agony, saying: Do you not know that a little leaven leavens the whole lump? And what he says is this: The evil, proceeding on its way, will also take hold of the other members; therefore, as men deliberating about common evils, so you must take thought. For do not say this to me, that he alone has sinned, but consider this, that the terrible thing is a kind of decay, and it spreads over all the rest of the body. And just as when a house is burning, even those who have not yet suffered the evil hasten no less than those in the midst of the misfortune and contribute everything, so that the advancing fire may not come to their own doors; so also Paul stirs them up, saying: It is a fire, let us forestall the terrible thing; let us extinguish the conflagration, before it overtakes the Church; but if you despise the sin as having occurred in another's body, even so you do very badly; for he is a member of the whole body. 3. But consider this, that if you are indolent and overlook it, it will someday overtake you too. So if not for your brother's sake, at least for your own sake be roused, and check the plague, and stop the decay, and cut off the spreading sore. Therefore, having said these things and more than these, and having commanded to deliver him to Satan, he says afterwards, when he had changed and become better: This punishment by the majority is sufficient for such a one; therefore confirm your love toward him. For since he had made him a common foe and enemy to all and cast him out of the flock and cut him off from the body, see with what great zeal he acts, so as to glue and join him on again. For he did not say simply, Love him, but, Confirm your love toward him, that is, show a friendship that is firm and unmovable, a certain warm, fervent, and fiery one, introduce a good will that is a counterweight to the former enmity. What has happened? Tell me; did you not deliver him to Satan? Yes, he says, but not so that he might remain in the hands of Satan, but so that he might quickly be delivered from his tyranny. But as I was saying, consider how Paul fears despair, as a great weapon of the devil; for having said, Confirm your love toward him, he also adds the reason: Lest perhaps such a one be swallowed up by excessive sorrow. The sheep, he says, is in the throat of the wolf; let us therefore make haste. Let us snatch it away before he swallows and destroys our member. The ship is now in a tossing sea, let us hasten to save it before the shipwreck. For just as when the sea is roused and the waves crest on every side, the vessel is submerged, so too a soul, when despondency surrounds it on all sides, is quickly suffocated, if it does not have someone holding out a hand, and the salutary sorrow for sins becomes destructive by

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τῶν ἁμαρτημάτων αὐτῶν μεῖζον τὸ ἔγκλημα ἔσται. ∆ιὰ τοῦτό φησιν· Ὅταν πάντα ποιήσητε, λέγετε ὅτι Ἀχρεῖοι δοῦλοί ἐσμεν. Εἰ δὲ οἱ πάντα ποιοῦντες ὀφείλουσι συνεστάλθαι, πολλῷ μᾶλλον τὸν ἡμαρτηκότα καὶ θρηνεῖν καὶ ἐν τοῖς ἐσχάτοις ἑαυτὸν ἀριθμεῖν ἄξιον. Ὅπερ οὖν καὶ τότε δηλῶν ἔλεγε· Καὶ οὐχὶ μᾶλλον ἐπενθήσατε; Τί λέγεις; ἕτερος ἥμαρτε, καὶ ἐγὼ πενθήσω; Ναὶ, φησί· σώματος γὰρ καὶ μελῶν δίκην ἀλλήλοις ἐσμὲν συνδεδεμένοι· ἐπὶ δὲ τοῦ σώματος κἂν ὁ ποῦς δέξηται τραῦμα, τὴν κεφαλὴν ἐπικύπτουσαν ὁρῶμεν. Καίτοι τί ταύτης σεμνότερον; Ἀλλ' οὐχ ὁρᾷ τὴν ἀξίαν ἐν τῷ καιρῷ τῆς συμφορᾶς· οὕτω καὶ σὺ ποίησον. ∆ιὰ τοῦτο καὶ Παῦλος παραινεῖ· Χαίρειν μετὰ χαιρόντων, καὶ κλαίειν μετὰ κλαιόντων. ∆ιὰ τοῦτο καὶ Κορινθίοις φησί· Καὶ οὐχὶ μᾶλλον ἐπενθήσατε, ἵνα ἐξαρθῇ ἐκ μέσου 49.281 ὑμῶν ὁ τὸ ἔργον τοῦτο ποιήσας; Οὐκ εἶπε Καὶ οὐχὶ μᾶλλον ἐσπουδάσατε, ἀλλὰ τί; Οὐχὶ μᾶλλον ἐπενθήσατε, ὡς νόσου κοινῆς καὶ λοιμοῦ τὴν πόλιν καταλαβόντος· μονονουχὶ λέγων· Εὐχῆς καὶ ἐξομολογήσεως δεῖ καὶ ἱκετηρίας, ἵνα τὸ νόσημα ἀπελαθῇ τῆς πόλεως ἁπάσης. Ὁρᾷς πόσον αὐτοῖς φόβον ἐπεκρέμασεν; Ἐπειδὴ γὰρ ἐνόμιζον μέχρις ἐκείνου μόνον ἑστάναι τὸ δεινὸν, ἐναγωνίους αὐτοὺς καθίστησι λέγων· Οὐκ οἴδατε ὅτι μικρὰ ζύμη ὅλον τὸ φύραμα ζυμοῖ; Ὃ δὲ λέγει τοιοῦτόν ἐστιν· Ὁδῷ τὸ κακὸν βαδίζον, καὶ τῶν λοιπῶν ἅψεται μελῶν· ὡς ὑπὲρ κοινῶν τοίνυν κακῶν βουλευομένους, οὕτω φροντίζειν χρή. Μὴ γάρ μοι τοῦτο εἴπῃς, ὅτι ἐκεῖνος ἥμαρτε μόνος, ἀλλ' ἐκεῖνο σκόπει, ὅτι σηπεδών τίς ἐστι τὸ δεινὸν, καὶ τὸ λοιπὸν ἅπαν ἐπινέμεται σῶμα. Καὶ καθάπερ οἰκίας καιομένης, καὶ οἱ μηδέπω δεξάμενοι τὸ κακὸν, τῶν ὄντων ἐν τῇ συμφορᾷ οὐκ ἔλαττον ἐπείγονται καὶ πάντα συνεισφέρουσιν, ὥστε μὴ τὸ πῦρ ἐπειγόμενον καὶ ἐπὶ τὰς αὐτῶν θύρας ἔλθῃ· οὕτω καὶ τούτους ὁ Παῦλος διεγείρει λέγων· Πυρά τίς ἐστι, προκαταλάβωμεν τὸ δεινόν· σβέσωμεν τὸν ἐμπρησμὸν, πρὶν ἢ καταλαβεῖν τὴν Ἐκκλησίαν· εἰ δὲ καταφρονεῖς τῆς ἁμαρτίας ὡς ἐν ἀλλοτρίῳ γενομένης σώματι, μάλιστα μὲν καὶ οὕτω κακῶς· μέλος γάρ ἐστι τοῦ παντὸς σώματος ἐκεῖνος. γʹ. Πλὴν ἀλλ' ἐκεῖνο σκόπει, ὅτι ἂν ῥᾳθυμήσῃς καὶ παρίδῃς, καὶ σὲ καταλήψεταί ποτε. Ὥστε εἰ καὶ μὴ διὰ τὸν ἀδελφὸν, διὰ γοῦν σαυτὸν διεγέρθητι, καὶ ἀνάστειλον τὸν λοιμὸν, καὶ προκάτασχε τὴν σηπεδόνα, καὶ τὴν νομὴν διάκοψον. Ταῦτα τοίνυν καὶ τὰ πλείονα τούτων εἰπὼν, καὶ κελεύσας παραδοῦναι αὐτὸν τῷ Σατανᾷ, φησὶν ὕστερον, ἐπειδὴ μετεβάλετο καὶ βελτίων ἐγένετο· Ἱκανὸν τῷ τοιούτῳ ἡ ἐπιτιμία αὕτη ἡ ὑπὸ τῶν πλειόνων· κυρώσατε οὖν εἰς αὐτὸν ἀγάπην. Ἐπειδὴ γὰρ αὐτὸν κοινὸν ἐχθρὸν καὶ πολέμιον κατέστησεν ἅπασι καὶ τῆς ἀγέλης ἐξέβαλε καὶ τοῦ σώματος ἀπέκοψεν, ὅρα πόσῃ κέχρηται σπουδῇ, ὥστε κολλῆσαι καὶ συνάψαι πάλιν αὐτόν. Οὐ γὰρ εἶπεν· Ἀγαπήσατε αὐτὸν ἁπλῶς, ἀλλὰ, Κυρώσατε εἰς αὐτὸν ἀγάπην, τουτέστι βεβαίαν, καὶ ἀκίνητον ἐπιδείξασθε τὴν φιλίαν, θερμήν τινα καὶ ζέουσαν καὶ πεπυρωμένην, ἀντίῤῥοπον τῆς προτέρας ἀπεχθείας τὴν εὔνοιαν εἰσαγάγετε. Τί γέγονεν; εἰπέ μοι· οὐχὶ τῷ Σατανᾷ παρέδωκας αὐτόν; Ναὶ, φησὶν, ἀλλ' οὐχ ἵνα μένῃ ἐν ταῖς τοῦ Σατανᾶ χερσὶν, ἀλλ' ἵνα ἀπαλλαγῇ ταχέως αὐτοῦ τῆς τυραννίδος. Ἀλλ' ὅπερ ἔλεγον, σκόπει πῶς δέδοικε τὴν ἀπόγνωσιν ὁ Παῦλος, ὡς μέγα ὅπλον τοῦ διαβόλου· εἰπὼν γὰρ, Κυρώσατε εἰς αὐτὸν ἀγάπην, καὶ τὴν αἰτίαν προστίθησι· Μή πως τῇ περισσοτέρᾳ λύπῃ καταποθῇ ὁ τοιοῦτος. Ἐν τῇ φάρυγγι τοῦ λύκου, φησὶν, ἐστὶ τὸ πρόβατον· φθάσωμεν τοίνυν. προεξαρπάσωμεν πρὶν ἢ καταπίῃ καὶ διαφθείρῃ τὸ μέλος ἡμῶν. Ἐν κλυδωνίῳ νῦν ἐστιν ἡ ναῦς, πρὸ τοῦ ναυαγίου διασῶσαι αὐτὴν σπουδάσωμεν. Καθάπερ γὰρ θαλάττης αἰρομένης καὶ κυμάτων πάντοθεν κορυφουμένων, ὑποβρύχιον γίνεται τὸ σκάφος, οὕτω καὶ ψυχὴ τῆς ἀθυμίας αὐτὴν πάντοθεν περιστοιχιζομένης, ἀποπνίγεται ταχέως, ἐὰν μή τινα ἔχῃ τὴν χεῖρα ὀρέγοντα, καὶ ἡ σωτήριος ἐπὶ τοῖς ἁμαρτήμασι λύπη ὀλέθριος ὑπὸ