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it was thought by many; but now for this reason He is born of a virgin, and being born, He keeps the womb unchanged, and preserves her virginity unharmed, so that the strange manner of conception might become for me the cause of great faith. Therefore, whether a Greek or a Jew asks me, that Christ, being God by nature, became man against nature, I will say, "Yes," calling the undefiled seal of virginity as a witness to the word; for thus He is God, overcoming the order of nature; thus He is the potter of the womb, and the inventor of virginity, because He also had an undefiled manner of birth, and ineffably built for Himself a temple in the way He wished. Tell me then, O Jew, did the virgin give birth, or not? For if she gave birth, confess the strange birth; but if she did not give birth, why did you deceive Herod? For when he asked you where the Christ is born, you said, "in Bethlehem of Judea."

Did I then know the village, or the place? Did I know the worth of the one being born? Did not Isaiah speak of him as God? For, he says, she will bear a son, and they will call his name Emmanuel. Did you not, ungrateful enemies, introduce the truth? Did not you, the scribes and Pharisees, the precise guardians of the law, teach us everything concerning him? Did we know the Hebrew language? Did you not interpret the Scriptures? After the virgin gave birth, and before she gave birth, so that what was said might not seem to be interpreted for the favor of God, did not you, when asked by Herod, bring forth Micah the prophet as a witness, that he might confirm your word? "And you," he says, "Bethlehem, house of Ephrathah, are by no means least among the rulers of Judah; for out of you shall come a leader who will shepherd my people Israel." Well did the prophet say, "Out of you." For out of you He came forth, and came into the world. For He who is, comes forth; but he who is not, is created, or comes into being. But He both was, and was before, and always was; but He was always as God, governing 56.391 the world; but today He came forth, as man shepherding the people, and as God saving the world. O what good enemies! O what philanthropic accusers! who, while hiding Him, showed the God born in Bethlehem, who made known the Master hidden in a manger, who unwillingly announced Him seated in a cave, and did good without wanting to, they revealed what they wanted to conceal. Have you seen ignorant teachers? What they teach, they do not know; hungering they feed, thirsting they give drink, being poor they enrich.

Come then, let us celebrate, come let us keep the festival. For strange is the manner of the feast, since the account of the birth is also paradoxical. For today the long-standing bond was loosed, the devil was put to shame, the demons fled, death was undone, paradise was opened, the curse vanished, sin was taken out of the way, error was driven away, truth returned, and the word of piety was sown everywhere and ran its course; the heavenly commonwealth was planted on earth, angels commune with men, and men converse fearlessly with angels. Why? Because God came upon earth, and man is in heaven; all things have become mingled. For He came upon the earth, being wholly in the heavens; and being wholly in heaven, He is wholly on the earth. Being God, He became man, not denying His being God; being the impassible Word, He became flesh, so that He might dwell among us He became flesh. For He did not become God, but He was. For this reason He became flesh, so that a manger might receive Him whom heaven could not contain. For this reason He was placed in a manger, so that He who feeds all things might receive a child's food from a virgin mother. For this reason the Father of the ages to come endures the virginal arms as a nursing infant, so that He might also become accessible to the magi. For today the magi also came, beginning to deny the tyrant, and heaven boasts, indicating its own Master with a star, and the Lord, seated on the light cloud of His body, hastens to Egypt, in appearance fleeing the plot of Herod, but in truth

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πολλοῖς ἐνομίζετο· νῦν δὲ διὰ τοῦτο ἐκ παρθένου τίκτεται, τικτόμενος δὲ καὶ τὴν μήτραν ἀναλλοίωτον τηρεῖ, καὶ τὴν παρθενίαν ἀζήμιον διαφυλάττει, ἵνα ὁ ξένος τῆς κυήσεως τρόπος πίστεώς μοι μεγάλης πρόξενος γένηται. Ὅθεν κἂν Ἕλλην με, κἂν Ἰουδαῖος ἐρωτᾷ, ὅτι ὁ Χριστὸς Θεὸς ὢν κατὰ φύσιν, ἄνθρωπος γέγονε παρὰ φύσιν, ἐρῶ, Ναὶ, μάρτυρα τοῦ λόγου τὴν ἄσπιλον τῆς παρθενίας σφραγῖδα καλῶν· οὕτω γάρ ἐστι Θεὸς νικῶν τὴν τῆς φύσεως τάξιν· οὕτω γαστρός ἐστι κεραμεὺς, καὶ παρθενίας εὑρετὴς, ὅτι καὶ ἀμόλυντον ἔσχε τῆς γεννήσεως τὸν τρόπον, καὶ ἑαυτῷ ἀφράστως ᾠκοδόμησε ναὸν, ὃν ἠβουλήθη τρόπον. Εἰπέ μοι οὖν, ὦ Ἰουδαῖε, ἔτεκεν ἡ παρθένος, ἢ οὔ; Εἰ μὲν γὰρ ἔτεκεν, ὁμολόγησον τὸν ξένον τόκον· εἰ δὲ οὐκ ἔτεκε, διὰ τί τὸν Ἡρώδην ἠπάτησας; Σὺ γὰρ αὐτῷ πυνθανομένῳ, ποῦ ὁ Χριστὸς γεννᾶται, εἶπας, ὅτι ἐν Βηθλεὲμ τῆς Ἰουδαίας.

Μὴ οὖν ἐγὼ ᾔδειν τὴν κώμην, ἢ τὸν τόπον; μὴ ἐγὼ τοῦ γεννωμένου τὴν ἀξίαν ἐγίνωσκον; οὐχ ὁ Ἡσαΐας ὡς Θεοῦ αὐτοῦ ἐμνημόνευσε; Τέξεται γὰρ, φησὶν, υἱὸν, καὶ καλέσουσι τὸ ὄνομα αὐτοῦ Ἐμμανουήλ. Οὐχ ὑμεῖς ἀγνώμονες ἐχθροὶ τὴν ἀλήθειαν εἰσηγήσασθε; οὐχ ὑμεῖς οἱ γραμματεῖς καὶ Φαρισαῖοι οἱ ἀκριβεῖς τοῦ νόμου φύλακες πάντα τὰ κατ' αὐτὸν ἡμᾶς ἐδιδάξατε; μὴ τὴν τῶν Ἑβραίων γλῶσσαν εἴδομεν; οὐχ ὑμεῖς τὰς Γραφὰς ἡρμηνεύσατε; Μετὰ τὸ τεκεῖν τὴν παρθένον, καὶ πρὸ τοῦ τεκεῖν, ἵνα μὴ δόξῃ πρὸς χάριν τοῦ Θεοῦ ἑρμηνεύεσθαι τὸ λεγόμενον, οὐχ ὑμεῖς ἐρωτώμενοι παρ' Ἡρώδου, μάρτυρα παρηγάγετε Μιχαίαν τὸν προφήτην, ἵνα ὑμῶν τὸν λόγον κυρώσηται; Καὶ σὺ γὰρ, φησὶ, Βηθλεὲμ οἶκος τοῦ Ἐφραθᾶ οὐδαμῶς ἐλαχίστη εἶ ἐν τοῖς ἡγεμόσιν Ἰούδα· ἐκ σοῦ γὰρ ἐξελεύσεται ἡγούμενος, ὅστις ποιμανεῖ τὸν λαόν μου τὸν Ἰσραήλ. Καλῶς εἶπεν ὁ προφήτης, Ἐκ σοῦ. Ἐξ ὑμῶν γὰρ ἐξῆλθε, καὶ εἰς τὴν οἰκουμένην ἦλθεν. Ὁ γὰρ ὢν, προέρχεται· ὁ δὲ μὴ ὢν, κτίζεται, ἢ γίνεται. Αὐτὸς δὲ καὶ ἦν, καὶ προῆν, καὶ ἀεὶ ἦν ἀλλ' ἦν μὲν ἀεὶ ὡς Θεὸς, διέπων 56.391 τὸν κόσμον· σήμερον δὲ προῆλθεν, ὡς ἄνθρωπος μὲν τὸν λαὸν ποιμαίνων, ὡς Θεὸς δὲ τὴν οἰκουμένην διασώζων. Ὢ πολεμίων χρηστῶν! ὢ κατηγόρων φιλανθρώπων! οἳ τὸν ἐν Βηθλεὲμ τεχθέντα λανθάνοντες Θεὸν ἔδειξαν, οἳ τὸν ἐν φάτνῃ κρυπτόμενον ∆εσπότην ἐγνώρισαν, οἳ τὸν ἐν σπηλαίῳ καθήμενον ἐμήνυσαν ἄκοντες, καὶ εὐηργέτησαν μὴ θέλοντες, ἀπεκάλυψαν καλύψαι βουλόμενοι. Εἶδες ἀμαθεῖς διδασκάλους; Ἃ διδάσκουσιν, οὐ γινώσκουσι, πεινῶντες τρέφουσι, διψῶντες ποτίζουσι, πενόμενοι πλουτίζουσι.

∆εῦτε οὖν, ἑορτάσωμεν, δεῦτε πανηγυρίσωμεν. Ξένος γὰρ ὁ τῆς ἑορτῆς τρόπος, ἐπειδὴ καὶ παράδοξος ὁ τῆς γεννήσεως λόγος. Σήμερον γὰρ ὁ χρόνιος ἐλύθη δεσμὸς, ὁ διάβολος ᾐσχύνθη, οἱ δαίμονες ἐδραπέτευσαν, ὁ θάνατος ἐλύθη, παράδεισος ἠνεῴχθη, ἡ κατάρα ἠφανίσθη, ἡ ἁμαρτία ἐκποδὼν γέγονεν, ἡ πλάνη ἀπηλάθη, ἡ ἀλήθεια ἐπανῆλθε, καὶ τῆς εὐσεβείας ὁ λόγος πανταχοῦ διεσπάρη καὶ ἔδραμεν· ἡ τῶν ἄνω πολιτεία ἐν τῇ γῇ ἐφυτεύθη, ἄγγελοι μετὰ ἀνθρώπων κοινωνοῦσι, καὶ ἄνθρωποι μετὰ ἀγγέλων ἀδεῶς διαλέγονται. ∆ιὰ τί; Ἐπειδὴ Θεὸς ἐπὶ γῆς ἦλθε, καὶ ἄνθρωπος ἐν οὐρανῷ· πάντα ἀναμὶξ γέγονε. Ἦλθε γὰρ ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς, ὅλος ὢν ἐν οὐρανοῖς· ὅλος δὲ ὢν ἐν οὐρανῷ, ὅλος ἐστὶν ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς. Θεὸς ὢν, γέγονεν ἄνθρωπος, οὐκ ἀρνησάμενος τὸ εἶναι Θεός· λόγος ὢν ἀπαθὴς, σὰρξ ἐγένετο, διὰ τὸ ἐνοικῆσαι ἡμῖν σὰρξ ἐγένετο. Θεὸς γὰρ οὐκ ἐγένετο, ἀλλὰ ἦν. ∆ιὰ τοῦτο σὰρξ ἐγένετο, ἵνα ὃν οὐκ ἐχώρει οὐρανὸς, δέξηται φάτνη. ∆ιὰ τοῦτο ἐν φάτνῃ ἐτέθη, ἵνα ὁ τρέφων τὰ σύμπαντα παιδίου τροφὴν παρὰ μητρὸς παρθένου λάβῃ ∆ιὰ τοῦτο ὁ τῶν μελλόντων αἰώνων Πατὴρ ὡς ὑπομάζιον βρέφος παρθενικῶν ἀνέχεται ἀγκαλῶν, ἵνα καὶ μάγοις εὐπρόσιτος γένηται. Σήμερον γὰρ καὶ μάγοι προσῆλθον, ἀρχὴν λαβόντες ἀρνεῖσθαι τὸν τύραννον, καὶ ὁ οὐρανὸς καυχᾶται ἀστέρι τὸν ἴδιον ∆εσπότην μηνύων, καὶ ὁ Κύριος ἐπὶ νεφέλης κούφης τοῦ σώματος καθεζόμενος ἐπὶ τὴν Αἴγυπτον τρέχει, τῷ μὲν δοκεῖν φεύγων τὴν Ἡρώδου ἐπιβουλὴν, τῇ δὲ ἀληθείᾳ