God be with me, and keep me in this way that I go, and give me bread to eat and a garment to put on, and bring me back with safety to my father's house; and the Lord shall be my God, and this stone, which I have set up as a pillar, shall be to me God's house, and of all that you give me I will give a tenth to you.» ........ ........................................................... ........................................................... ......... 3.2 Here it should also be noted that the name of a vow was adopted (being in many places different from prayer) for one who with a vow promises to do certain things, if he should obtain these from God. However, the name is also applied to those things spoken of in our common usage; just as in Exodus we find it thus after the plague of frogs, which was the second in the order of the ten, ............. ........................................................... ........................................................... .... «Pharaoh called for Moses and Aaron and said to them, 'Pray for me to the Lord, and let him take away the frogs from me and my people; and I will send the people away, and they will sacrifice to the Lord.'» But if anyone is disinclined, because it is the voice of Pharaoh saying 'pray,' to understand by the vow, in addition to the former meaning, also the customary one, let him observe also what follows, which is thus: «And Moses said to Pharaoh, 'Appoint for me when I shall pray for you and for your servants and for your people, to destroy the frogs from you and from your people and from your houses; only in the river shall they be left behind.'» 3.3 We have observed that in the case of the gnats, the third plague, neither does Pharaoh ask for a prayer to be made, nor does Moses pray. And in the case of the dog-fly, being the fourth, he says: «Pray therefore for me to the Lord,» at which time Moses also said that «I will go out from you and pray to God, and the dog-fly shall depart from Pharaoh and his servants and his people tomorrow»· and after a little: «And Moses went out from Pharaoh and prayed to God.» Again, in the case of the fifth and sixth plagues, with neither Pharaoh asking for a prayer to be made nor Moses praying, in the case of the seventh, «Pharaoh sent and called for Moses and Aaron and said to them: I have sinned this time; the Lord is righteous, but I and my people are wicked. Pray therefore to the Lord, and let the voices of God and hail and fire cease»· and after a little: «Moses went out from Pharaoh outside the city and stretched out his hands to the Lord, and the voices ceased.» But why it is not said «and he prayed» as in the previous cases, but «he stretched out his hands to the Lord,» must be examined more opportunely elsewhere. And in the case of the eighth plague, Pharaoh says: «and pray to the Lord your God, and let him take away from me this death. And Moses went out from Pharaoh and prayed to God.» 3.4 But we have said that in many places the name of a vow is not used in the customary sense, as in the case of Jacob; but also in Leviticus: «The Lord spoke to Moses, saying: Speak to the sons of Israel, and you shall say to them: Whoever <if he> makes a vow so that there be a valuation of his soul to the Lord, the valuation of the male, from twenty years old to sixty years old, his valuation shall be fifty silver didrachms according to the holy standard»· and in Numbers: «And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying: Speak to the sons of Israel, and you shall say to them: A man or a woman, whoever shall make a great vow to consecrate himself with a consecration to the Lord, shall be consecrated from wine and strong drink» and what follows concerning the one called a Nazirite, then after a little: «and he shall consecrate his head on that day, on which he was consecrated to the Lord for the days of the vow,» and again after a little: «This is the law of the one who has vowed: on whatever day he shall complete the day of his vow,» and again after a little: «and after these things the one who has vowed shall drink wine. This is the law of the one who has vowed, who shall vow to the Lord his gift concerning the vow, apart from what his hand may find according to the ability of his vow, which he shall vow according to the law of consecration,» and toward the end of Numbers: «And Moses spoke to the rulers of the
θεὸς μετ' ἐμοῦ καὶ διαφυλάξῃ με ἐν τῇ ὁδῷ ταύτῃ, ᾗ ἐγὼ πορεύομαι, καὶ δώῃ μοι ἄρ τον φαγεῖν καὶ ἱμάτιον περιβαλέσθαι. καὶ ἀποστρέψῃ με μετὰ σω τηρίας εἰς τὸν οἶκον τοῦ πατρός μου· καὶ ἔσται κύριός μοι εἰς θεὸν, καὶ ὁ λίθος οὗτος, ὃν ἔστησα στήλην, ἔσται μοι οἶκος θεοῦ, καὶ πάντων ὧν ἐάν μοι δῷς δεκάτην ἀποδεκατώσω αὐτά σοι.» ........ ........................................................... ........................................................... ......... 3.2 ἔνθα καὶ σημειωτέον ἐστὶν ὅτι τὸ ὄνομα τῆς εὐχῆς παρε λήφθη (πολλαχοῦ ἑτέρας οὔσης παρὰ τὴν προσευχὴν) ἐπὶ τοῦ μετὰ εὐχῆς ἐπαγγελλομένου τάδε τινὰ ποιήσειν, εἰ τύχοι ἀπὸ θεοῦ τῶνδε. τάσσεται μέντοι καὶ ἐπὶ τοῖς κατὰ συνήθειαν ἡμῶν λεγομένοις ἡ ὀνομασία· ὥσπερ ἐν Ἐξόδῳ εὕρομεν οὕτως μετὰ τὴν ἐπὶ τοῖς βα τράχοις μάστιγα, τῇ τάξει τῶν δέκα οὖσαν δευτέραν, ............. ........................................................... ........................................................... .... «ἐκάλεσε Φαραὼ Μωϋσέα καὶ Ἀαρὼν καὶ εἶπεν αὐτοῖς· εὔξασθε περὶ ἐμοῦ πρὸς κύριον, καὶ περιελέτω τοὺς βατράχους ἀπ' ἐμοῦ καὶ τοῦ λαοῦ μου· καὶ ἐξαποστελῶ τὸν λαὸν, καὶ θύσωσι κυρίῳ.» ἐὰν δὲ δυσπειθῶς τις ἔχῃ διὰ τὸ τοῦ Φαραὼ εἶναι φωνὴν τὴν «εὔξασθε» πρὸς τὸ σημαίνεσθαι ἀπὸ τῆς εὐχῆς πρὸς τῷ προτέρῳ καὶ τὸ σύν ηθες, παρατηρητέον καὶ τὸ ἑξῆς οὕτως ἔχον· «εἶπε δὲ Μωϋσῆς πρὸς Φαραώ· τάξαι πρός με, πότε εὔξομαι περὶ σοῦ καὶ περὶ τῶν θερα πόντων σου καὶ τοῦ λαοῦ σου, ἀφανίσαι τοὺς βατράχους ἀπὸ σοῦ καὶ ἀπὸ τοῦ λαοῦ σου καὶ ἐκ τῶν οἰκιῶν ὑμῶν· πλὴν ἐν τῷ ποταμῷ ὑπολειφθήσονται.» 3.3 παρετηρήσαμεν δὲ ὅτι ἐπὶ ταῖς σκνιψὶ, τῇ τρίτῃ μάστιγι, οὔτε Φαραὼ εὐχὴν γενέσθαι ἀξιοῖ οὔτε Μωϋσῆς εὔχεται. καὶ ἐπὶ τῇ κυ νομυίᾳ δὲ, οὔσῃ τετάρτῃ, λέγει· «εὔξασθε οὖν περὶ ἐμοῦ πρὸς κύ ριον,» ὅτε καὶ εἶπε Μωϋσῆς ὅτι «ἐγὼ ἐξελεύσομαι ἀπὸ σοῦ καὶ εὔξομαι πρὸς τὸν θεὸν, καὶ ἀπελεύσεται ἡ κυνόμυια ἀπὸ Φαραὼ καὶ τῶν θεραπόντων αὐτοῦ καὶ τοῦ λαοῦ αὐτοῦ αὔριον»· καὶ μετ' ὀλίγα· «ἐξῆλθε δὲ Μωϋσῆς ἀπὸ Φαραὼ καὶ ηὔξατο πρὸς τὸν θεόν.» πάλιν δὲ ἐπὶ τῆς πέμπτης καὶ ἕκτης μάστιγος οὔτε Φαραὼ ἀξιώ σαντος εὐχὴν γενέσθαι οὔτε Μωϋσέως εὐξαμένου, ἐπὶ τῆς ἑβδόμης «ἀποστείλας Φαραὼ ἐκάλεσε Μωϋσέα καὶ Ἀαρὼν καὶ εἶπεν αὐτοῖς· ἡμάρτηκα τὸ νῦν· ὁ κύριος δίκαιος, ἐγὼ δὲ καὶ ὁ λαός μου ἀσεβής. εὔξασθε οὖν πρὸς κύριον, καὶ παυσάσθω τοῦ γενηθῆναι φωνὰς θεοῦ καὶ χάλαζαν καὶ πῦρ»· καὶ μετ' ὀλίγα· «ἐξῆλθε Μωϋσῆς ἀπὸ Φα ραὼ ἐκτὸς τῆς πόλεως καὶ ἐξεπέτασε τὰς χεῖρας πρὸς κύριον, καὶ αἱ φωναὶ ἐπαύσαντο.» διὰ τί δὲ οὐκ εἴρηται «καὶ ηὔξατο» ὡς ἐπὶ τῶν προτέρων ἀλλ' «ἐξεπέτασε τὰς χεῖρας πρὸς κύριον,» εὐκαι ρότερον ἐν ἄλλοις ἐξεταστέον. καὶ ἐπὶ τῆς ὀγδόης δὲ μάστιγός φησιν ὁ Φαραώ· «καὶ προσεύξασθε πρὸς κύριον τὸν θεὸν ὑμῶν, καὶ περι ελέτω ἀπ' ἐμοῦ τὸν θάνατον τοῦτον. ἐξῆλθε δὲ Μωϋσῆς ἀπὸ Φα ραὼ καὶ ηὔξατο πρὸς τὸν θεόν.» 3.4 πολλαχοῦ δὲ εἴπομεν τὸ ὄνομα τῆς εὐχῆς μὴ κατὰ τὸ σύνηθες τετάχθαι ὥσπερ ἐπὶ τοῦ Ἰακώβ· ἀλλὰ καὶ ἐν Λευϊτικῷ· «ἐλάλησε κύριος πρὸς Μωϋσέα λέγων· λάλησον τοῖς υἱοῖς Ἰσραὴλ, καὶ ἐρεῖς πρὸς αὐτούς· ὃς <ἐὰν> εὔξηται εὐχὴν ὥστε τιμὴν τῆς ψυχῆς αὐτοῦ τῷ κυρίῳ, ἔσται ἡ τιμὴ τοῦ ἄῤῥενος, ἀπὸ εἰκοσαετοῦς ἕως ἑξηκον ταετοῦς ἔσται αὐτοῦ ἡ τιμὴ πεντήκοντα δίδραχμα ἀργυρίου τῷ σταθμίῳ τῷ ἁγίῳ»· καὶ ἐν Ἀριθμοῖς· «καὶ ἐλάλησε κύριος πρὸς Μωϋσέα λέγων· λάλησον τοῖς υἱοῖς Ἰσραὴλ, καὶ ἐρεῖς πρὸς αὐτούς· ἀνὴρ ἢ γυνὴ, ὃς ἐὰν μεγάλως εὔξηται εὐχὴν ἀφαγνίσασθαι ἁγνείαν κυρίῳ, ἀπὸ οἴνου καὶ σίκερα ἁγνισθήσεται» καὶ τὰ ἑξῆς περὶ τοῦ κα λουμένου Ναζιραίου, εἶτα μετ' ὀλίγα· «καὶ ἁγιάσει τὴν κεφαλὴν αὐ τοῦ ἐν ἐκείνῃ τῇ ἡμέρᾳ, ᾗ ἡγιάσθη κυρίῳ τὰς ἡμέρας τῆς εὐχῆς,» καὶ πάλιν μετ' ὀλίγα· «οὗτος ὁ νόμος τοῦ εὐξαμένου· ᾗ ἂν ἡμέρᾳ πληρώσῃ ἡμέραν εὐχῆς αὐτοῦ,» καὶ πάλιν μετ' ὀλίγον· «καὶ μετὰ ταῦτα πίεται ὁ ηὐγμένος οἶνον. οὗτος ὁ νόμος τοῦ εὐξαμένου, ὃς ἐὰν εὔξηται κυρίῳ δῶρον αὐτοῦ περὶ τῆς εὐχῆς, χωρὶς ὧν ἂν εὕρῃ ἡ χεὶρ αὐτοῦ κατὰ δύναμιν τῆς εὐχῆς αὐτοῦ, ἧς ἂν εὔξηται κατὰ τὸν νόμον ἁγνείας,» καὶ πρὸς τῷ τέλει τῶν Ἀριθμῶν· «καὶ ἐλάλησε Μωϋσῆς πρὸς τοὺς ἄρχοντας τῶν