he promises; but it is the same spirit that worked upon both peoples, that of bondage and of adoption, according to what is expedient and fitting according to the worth of both. Ro+m8,19 "Eager expectation," however, is called the intense watching for things hoped for, from the one who is expecting perhaps even bowing his head and straining his eyes, as if about to see immediately what is expected. 221 Ro+m8,29 Or "of the image of the Son," instead of "of the Holy Spirit." For just as the Son is the exact image of the Father, so also is the Spirit of the Son. Therefore, as many as have been deemed worthy of the Holy Spirit and live spiritually, these are conformed to the Spirit, which is the image of the Son. Ro+m8,34 Through these things he shows the immeasurable love of Christ which he has for us; for he was not content with dying for us, but he also intercedes with the Father for us. And it is clear that he intercedes for these things for which he also interceded when he was with men according to the flesh; for he asked the Father, saying, "I will that where I am, they also may be." For this the Savior intercedes. And when he intercedes, he neither teaches the Father about our affairs as if he were ignorant, nor as if he were unwilling; for what the Father wills, the Son also wills. What then is the meaning of the embassy and the intercession? The word forestalls the future impiety of Sabellius, teaching that, even if the substance of the Trinity is one, the hypostasis is not one; for through the intercession one is shown asking and another is shown being asked; for it is not unfitting for the Son to ask, and the Father to grant, so that a fitting order might be kept for both persons. Or would it not have been unfitting if the Son, knowing the Father's mind, were to anticipate the Father's gift, and snatching it, give the grace? So, indeed, all things were created through the Son, but by the will of the Father, so that throughout, what is consequent and proper for both persons might be preserved. The word therefore teaches us the unconfused order concerning the Father and the Son; and if you should also consider Christ in the flesh as asking, the word will appear much more clear to you. Ro+m8,37 Having splendidly shown God's disposition toward us and the love of his Son, he consistently teaches what sort of people the grateful ought to be toward their benefactor, so that not even the most terrible things can separate us from Christ. 222 Ro+m9,20-21 Some think this is a solution, especially Asterius the Cappadocian, understanding it thus: You who argue with me, how do you argue? Is it not from the power of your own will? Do you not answer back to God, wishing to show that God does not compel and make men righteous? For the power remains with men. But such a thought makes no sense, for he adds: "Will the thing formed say to the one who formed it, 'Why have you made me like this?'" And this does not show that we have power, but the opposite. What then is the meaning? This has been said by way of superabundance; a solution has not been set forth. And what is "by way of superabundance"? "But who are you?" For let us grant that we do not have a will, nor are we self-determining, did God not have the power to do as he wished? But a potter forms some things for honor and some for dishonor, and does God not have the power which the potter has, so as to honor whom he wishes and to punish whom he wills? Having said this by way of superabundance, he then presents the solution. Ro+m9,22 He speaks of a demonstration of wrath, which, being long-suffering with men, through their free will he allows them to do what they wish. And by "vessels of wrath prepared for destruction" he means men who are under the sentence of death. Yet certain others, to the phrase "But if God, willing to show his wrath," and what follows, have supplied "what do you know?," understanding it elliptically from outside the text. And "with much long-suffering" instead of "after much long-suffering he brought on his wrath." Ro+m10,4 Christ is not a part of the law, but the beginning of another life. He is called the end of the law, therefore, as having become the end of the law, that is, having caused it to cease. Therefore, he is the end of the law for two reasons: both because he fulfilled it and because he caused it to cease. And "to everyone who believes," means not only to the Jew but also to the Greek; not, since he is the end of the law, now only to the Jew. 223 Ro+m11,24 Having mentioned the cultivated olive tree and the wild olive tree he has shown that there is one nature

ἐπαγγέλλεται· τὸ δὲ αὐτὸ πνεῦμά ἐστιν ἐπ' ἀμφοτέρων τῶν λαῶν ἐνεργῆσαν, τὸ τῆς δουλείας καὶ υἱοθεσίας κατὰ τὸ συμφέρον καὶ ἁρμόδιον κατὰ τὴν ἀμφοτέρων ἀξίαν. Ro+m8,19 Καραδοκία μέντοι ἡ ἐπιτεταμένη τῶν ἐλπιζομένων ἐπιτήρησις εἴρηται ἀπὸ τοῦ τὸν προσδοκῶντα τυχὸν καὶ ἐπικλίνειν τὴν κεφαλὴν καὶ τοὺς ὀφθαλμοὺς ἐντείνειν, ὡς παραυτίκα ἰδεῖν μέλλοντα τὸ προσδοκώμενον. 221 Ro+m8,29 Ἢ τῆς εἰκόνος τοῦ υἱοῦ, ἀντὶ τοῦ ἁγίου πνεύματος· ὥσπερ γὰρ ὁ υἱὸς τοῦ πατρὸς εἰκὼν ἀπαράλλακτος, οὕτω καὶ τὸ πνεῦμα τοῦ υἱοῦ. ὅσοι οὖν πνεύματος ἁγίου ἀξιωθέντες πνευματικῶς ζῶσιν, οὗτοι σύμμορφοί εἰσι τοῦ πνεύματος, ὅ ἐστιν εἰκὼν τοῦ υἱοῦ. Ro+m8,34 ∆ιὰ τούτων τὴν ἄμετρον τοῦ Χριστοῦ δείκνυσιν ἀγάπην ἣν ἔχει περὶ ἡμᾶς· οὐκ ἠρκέσθη γὰρ τῷ ἀποθανεῖν ὑπὲρ ἡμῶν, ἀλλὰ καὶ πρεσβεύει τὸν πατέρα ὑπὲρ ἡμῶν. καὶ δῆλον ὅτι ταῦτα ἐντυγχάνει ἅπερ καὶ ἡνίκα συνῆν ἀνθρώποις κατὰ σάρκα· ᾔτει γὰρ τὸν πατέρα λέγων, θέλω ἵνα ὅπου ἐγώ εἰμι καὶ αὐτοὶ ὦσιν· πρὶν τούτου ἐντυγχάνει ὁ σωτήρ. οὔτε δὲ ὡς ἀγνοοῦντα τὸν πατέρα τὰ καθ' ἡμᾶς διδάσκει ἐντυγχάνων, οὔτε ὡς μὴ βουλόμενον· ἃ γὰρ βούλεται ὁ πατὴρ βούλεται καὶ ὁ υἱός. τί οὖν βούλεται ἡ πρεσβεία καὶ ἡ ἐντυχία; τὴν μέλλουσαν ἀσέβειαν Σαβελλίου προεκκόπτει ὁ λόγος, διδάσκων ὡς, εἰ καὶ μία ἐστὶ τῆς τριάδος ἡ οὐσία, ἀλλ' οὐχὶ μία ὑπόστασις· διὰ γὰρ τῆς ἐντεύξεως ἕτερος ὁ αἰτῶν καὶ ἕτερος ὁ αἰτούμενος δείκνυται· οὐκ ἄτοπον γὰρ τὸν μὲν υἱὸν αἰτεῖν, τὸν δὲ πατέρα χαρίζεσθαι, ὅπως ἂν ἁρμόζουσα τάξις ἐπ' ἀμφοτέρων τῶν προσώπων φυλάττηται. ἢ οὐκ ἄτοπον ἦν εἰδότα τοῦ πατρὸς τὴν γνώμην φθάνειν τὸν υἱὸν τοῦ πατρὸς τὴν δωρεάν, καὶ ὑφαρπάζοντα διδόναι τὴν χάριν; οὕτω γοῦν καὶ πάντα μὲν διὰ τοῦ υἱοῦ ἐδημιουργήθη, βουλήσει δὲ τοῦ πατρός, ἵνα δι' ὅλου τὸ ἀκόλουθον καὶ πρέπον ἐπ' ἀμφοτέρων τῶν προσώπων φυλάττηται. διδάσκει οὖν ἡμᾶς ὁ λόγος τὴν περὶ τοῦ πατρὸς καὶ υἱοῦ ἀσύγχυτον τάξιν· ἐὰν δὲ καὶ τὸν ἐν σαρκὶ Χριστὸν λογίσῃ αἰτοῦντα, πολλῷ σοι μᾶλλον φανεῖται ὁ λόγος εὐσυνοπτότερος. Ro+m8,37 Λαμπρῶς δείξας τὴν τοῦ θεοῦ περὶ ἡμᾶς διάθεσιν καὶ τὴν τοῦ υἱοῦ αὐτοῦ ἀγάπην, ἀκολούθως διδάσκει, οἵους λοιπὸν εἶναι δεῖ περὶ τὸν εὐεργέτην τοὺς εὐγνώμονας, ὥστε μηδὲ τῶν πάνυ φοβερῶν δύνασθαι διαστῆσαι ἡμᾶς τοῦ Χριστοῦ. 222 Ro+m9,20-21 Τινὲς νομίζουσι λύσιν εἶναι τοῦτο, μάλιστα Ἀστέριος ὁ Καππαδόκης οὕτω νοῶν· σὺ ὁ ἀντιλέγων μοι, πῶς ἀντιλέγεις; οὐχὶ ἀπ' ἐξουσίας τῆς κατὰ τὴν γνώμην; οὐχὶ ἀνταποκρίνῃ τῷ θεῷ, δεῖξαι θέλων ὅτι οὐκ ἀναγκάζει θεὸς καὶ δικαίους ποιεῖ; μένει γὰρ ἡ ἐξουσία τοῖς ἀνθρώποις. οὐκ ἔχει δὲ λόγον ἡ τοιάδε διάνοια, ἐπάγει γάρ· μὴ ἐρεῖ τὸ πλάσμα τῷ πλάσαντι· τί με ἐποίησας οὕτως; τοῦτο δὲ οὐκ ἔστι δεικνύντος ὅτι ἐν ἐξουσίᾳ ἐσμέν, ἀλλὰ καὶ τὸ ἐναντίον. τίς οὖν ἡ ἔννοια; ἐκ περιουσίας εἴρηται τοῦτο, οὐχὶ λύσις τέθειται. τί δέ ἐστι τὸ ἐκ περιουσίας; ἀλλὰ μάλιστα μὲν σὺ τίς εἶ; θῶμεν γὰρ μηδὲ ἔχειν ἡμᾶς γνώμην, μηδὲ εἶναι αὐτεξουσίους, ἐξουσίαν οὐκ εἶχεν ὁ θεὸς ὡς ἤθελεν; ἀλλὰ κεραμεὺς μὲν πλάττει τὰ μὲν εἰς τιμὴν τὰ δὲ εἰς ἀτιμίαν, ὁ δὲ θεὸς οὐκ ἔχει τὴν ἐξουσίαν ἣν ἔχει ὁ κεραμεύς, ὥστε τιμᾶν οὓς θέλει καὶ κολάζειν οὓς βούλεται; τοῦτο ἐκ περιουσίας εἰπὼν λοιπὸν ποιεῖται τὴν λύσιν. Ro+m9,22 Ἔνδειξιν ὀργῆς λέγει, ἣν μακροθυμῶν τοῖς ἀνθρώποις διὰ τοῦ αὐτεξουσίου συγχωρεῖ πράττειν ἃ βούλονται· σκεύη δὲ ὀργῆς κατηρτισμένα εἰς ἀπώλειαν λέγει τοὺς ἀνθρώπους τοὺς ὑπὸ τὸν ὅρον τοῦ θανάτου ὄντας. Τινές γε μὴν ἕτεροι εἰς τὸ εἰ δὲ θέλων ὁ θεὸς ἐνδείξασθαι τὴν ὀργὴν καὶ τὰ ἑξῆς, τὸ τί οἶδας; ἀπέδωκαν, ἔξωθεν ἐλλειπῶς νοούμενον. καὶ τὸ ἐν πολλῇ μακροθυμίᾳ ἀντὶ τοῦ μετὰ πολλὴν μακροθυμίαν ἐπήνεγκε τὴν ὀργήν. Ro+m10,4 Οὐχ ὡς μέρος νόμου Χριστός, ἀλλ' ὡς ἑτέρας ζωῆς ἀρχή. τέλος οὖν νόμου εἴρηται, ὡς τέλος γεγονὼς τοῦ νόμου, τοῦτ' ἔστι παύσας αὐτόν. διὰ δύο οὖν τέλος νόμου, ὅτι τε ἐχρήσατο αὐτῷ καὶ ὅτι ἔπαυσεν αὐτόν. τὸ δὲ παντὶ τῷ πιστεύοντι, ἀντὶ τοῦ οὐ μόνον Ἰουδαίῳ ἀλλὰ καὶ Ἕλληνι, οὐκ, ἐπειδὴ τέλος νόμου ἤδη μόνῳ Ἰουδαίῳ. 223 Ro+m11,24 Καλλιελαίου καὶ ἀγριελαίου μνησθεὶς παρέστησεν ὅτι μία μὲν φύσις