DIONYSIUS THE PRESBYTER TO TIMOTHY THE FELLOW-PRESBYTER

 ...ous Intelligences he described in the sacredly-written compositions of the Oracles, so that he might lead us up through the sensible to the intelli

 anagogical interpretations, which propose to us the formations possible for us of the formless and supernatural visions, but that this also is most fi

 to be entirely deprived of participation in the beautiful, if indeed, as the truth of the oracles says, All things are very good. <4> It is possible

 they veil the “Holy of Holies” and honor the dissimilar sacred representations, so that neither are the divine things easily accessible to the profane

 to be led up by analogy to the imitation of God and, what is the most divine thing of all, as the oracles say, to become a “fellow worker with God” an

 beings and irrationally living things and we rational beings have come to be in participation of the divine bestowal. For, intelligibly impressing the

 The things divinely promised to the forefather David have been fulfilled, while another announced the good news to the shepherds as those who had been

 their own powers and illuminations and their own sacred and supermundane good order. For it is impossible for us to know the mysteries of the super-ce

 and stably established and receptive of the visitation of the Godhead in all passionlessness and immateriality, and God-bearing, and servingly opened

 that Jesus himself initiates them immediately and first-givingly reveals to them his philanthropic good-working. For “I,” he says, “speak righteousnes

 below the earth extending its most good providence over all beings, as the super-princely principle and cause of every essence, and embracing all thin

 being led up to the super-essential principle of all things, and becoming partakers of the initiating purifications and illuminations and perfections,

 to lead principially and to be formed as much as possible in the likeness of that very principle-making principle and to reveal its super-essential or

 from which we also have looked up to the infinite and ungrudging sea of the divine light, opened readily to all for participation, over which no forei

 is led up. <2> And all are revealers and messengers of those before them, the most senior ones of God the Mover, and correspondingly the rest of those

 <ΧII.> <1> This also is inquired into by those who love to contemplate the intelligible oracles: for if the last ranks are unparticipant in the entire

 he has assigned the primary hierarchy. And is this statement perhaps true? For he who said this said that the Thearchic power, proceeding to all thing

 they do participate, but in a subordinate manner, looking to the first orders and through them, as those primarily deemed worthy of imitating God, are

 has reasonably ascribed the property to the Seraphim, after God. It is not at all strange, therefore, if the Seraph is said to purify the theologian.

 it having been previously understood that the clarifications of the sacredly-formed images sometimes show the same orders of the celestial essences hi

 of operations. Indeed, the divinely wise, knowing this, form the celestial substances out of fire, showing their God-like and, as far as possible, God

 and that which is dedicated to the whole of life, and the girdles, the guarding of their generative powers and that their unifying disposition is turn

 strong and indomitable, and that which assimilates itself, as far as possible, to the hiddenness of the ineffable Thearchy by the covering of its inte

 Let this much be said by me also concerning the sacred formations, falling short of their precise manifestation, but contributing, as I think, so that

they veil the “Holy of Holies” and honor the dissimilar sacred representations, so that neither are the divine things easily accessible to the profane, nor do those fond of contemplating the divine images linger on the types as if they were true, and so that the divine things are honored by the true negations and by the dissimilar assimilations to the lowest of their own echoes. It is not, therefore, absurd if they also fashion the celestial beings from unbecoming, dissimilar similarities for the reasons mentioned. For perhaps we ourselves would not have come to a questioning out of perplexity, and to an uplifting through the precise investigation of the sacred things, if the unseemliness of the revealing representation of the angels had not disturbed us, not allowing our mind to linger on the discordant formations, but stimulating it to refuse material attachments and accustoming it to be sacredly lifted up through the things which appear to the supermundane elevations. Let this much be said by us concerning the material and unbecoming angel-like portrayals of the sacred oracles, and next it is necessary to define what we think hierarchy itself to be, and what benefit is derived from hierarchy itself by those allotted to a hierarchy. And may Christ lead the discourse, if it is right for me to say, my Christ, the inspiration of all hierarchic manifestation. But you, O child, according to the holy law of our hierarchical tradition, both listen in a sacred manner to the things sacredly said, becoming inspired in the initiation of inspired things, and having enfolded the holy things in the secrecy of your mind, guard them as uniform from the uninitiated multitude. For it is not lawful, as the oracles say, to cast to swine the unmixed and luminous and beautifying order of the intelligible pearls. <III.> <1> Hierarchy, in my view, is a sacred order and knowledge and activity being assimilated as far as possible to the godlike and being lifted up analogously toward the imitation of God according to the illuminations divinely given to it, and the God-befitting beauty, being simple, good, and the source of perfection, is altogether unmixed with any dissimilarity, but imparts its own light to each according to their worth and is perfected in a most divine rite according to the unvarying formation of the initiated harmoniously towards itself. <2> The purpose of hierarchy, then, is assimilation and union with God, as far as possible, having Him as the leader of all sacred knowledge and activity, and looking steadfastly toward His most divine comeliness and being molded, as far as possible, after it, and making its own followers divine images, most transparent and spotless mirrors, receptive of the ray of the primal and divine light and being sacredly filled with the imparted splendor, and this in turn ungrudgingly illuminating those that follow, according to the divine laws. For it is not lawful for the initiators of sacred rites or for those being sacredly initiated to perform any action at all contrary to the sacred ordinances of their own source of perfection, nor even to exist otherwise, if they yearn for its contemplative splendor and sacredly look toward it and are molded according to the analogy of each of the sacred minds. Therefore, one who speaks of hierarchy indicates a certain sacred arrangement in general, an image of the divine beauty, performing in hierarchical orders and knowledge the mysteries of its own illumination and being assimilated, as is lawful, to its own principle; for to each of those allotted to a hierarchy, perfection is according to its own

στέλλουσι τὰ «Ἅγια τῶν ἁγίων» καὶ τὴν ἀνόμοιον ἱεροπλαστίαν πρεσ βεύουσιν, ὡς μήτε τὰ θεῖα τοῖς βεβήλοις εὐχείρωτα εἶναι μήτε τοὺς τῶν θείων ἀγαλμάτων φιλοθεάμονας ὡς ἀληθέσιν ἐναπομεῖναι τοῖς τύποις καὶ ὥστε τὰ θεῖα τιμᾶσθαι ταῖς ἀληθέσιν ἀποφάσεσι καὶ ταῖς πρὸς τὰ ἔσχατα τῶν οἰκείων ἀπηχημάτων ἑτεροίαις ἀφομοιώσεσιν. Oὐδὲν οὖν ἄτοπον, εἰ καὶ τὰς οὐρανίας οὐσίας ἐκ τῶν ἀπεμφαινουσῶν ἀνομοίων ὁμοιοτήτων ἀναπλάττουσι κατὰ τὰς εἰρημένας αἰτίας. Oὐ γὰρ ἂν ἴσως οὐδὲ ἡμεῖς εἰς ζήτησιν μὲν ἐξ ἀπορίας, εἰς ἀναγωγὴν δὲ διὰ τῆς ἀκριβοῦς τῶν ἱερῶν ἐρεύνης ἐληλύθειμεν, εἰ μὴ τὸ δυσειδὲς ἡμᾶς ἐξετάραξε τῆς τῶν ἀγγέλων ἐκφαντικῆς ἀναπλάσεως οὐκ ἐῶν ἡμῶν τὸν νοῦν ἐναπομεῖναι ταῖς ἀπᾳ δούσαις μορφοποιίαις, ἀλλ' ἐρεθίζον ἀπαναίνεσθαι τὰς ὑλικὰς προσπαθεί ας καὶ προσεθίζον ἱερῶς ἀνατείνεσθαι διὰ τῶν φαινομένων ἐπὶ τὰς ὑπερ κοσμίους ἀναγωγάς. Τοσαῦτα μὲν ἡμῖν εἰρήσθω διὰ τὰς ὑλικὰς καὶ ἀπεμφαινούσας τῶν ἱερῶν λογίων ἀγγελοειδεῖς εἰκονογραφίας, ἑξῆς δὲ ἀφορίσασθαι χρὴ τί μὲν αὐτὴν εἶναι τὴν ἱεραρχίαν οἰόμεθα, τί δὲ πρὸς αὐτῆς τῆς ἱεραρχίας ὀνίνασθαι τοὺς ἱεραρχίᾳ κεκληρωμένους. Ἡγήσοιτο δὲ τοῦ λόγου Χρι στός, εἴπερ ἐμοὶ θέμις εἰπεῖν, ὁ ἐμός, ἡ πάσης ἱεραρχικῆς ἐκφαντορίας ἐπίπνοια. Σὺ δέ, ὦ παῖ, κατὰ τὴν ὁσίαν τῆς καθ' ἡμᾶς ἱεραρχικῆς παραδόσεως θεσμοθεσίαν αὐτός τε ἱεροπρεπῶς ἄκουε τῶν ἱερῶς λεγο μένων ἔνθεος ἐνθέων ἐν μυήσει γινόμενος καὶ τῇ κατὰ νοῦν κρυφιότητι τὰ ἅγια περιστείλας ἐκ τῆς ἀνιέρου πληθύος ὡς ἑνοειδῆ διαφύλαξον. Oὐ γὰρ θεμιτόν, ὡς τὰ λόγιά φησιν, εἰς ὕας ἀπορρίψαι τὴν τῶν νοητῶν μαργαριτῶν ἀμιγῆ καὶ φωτοειδῆ καὶ καλλοποιὸν εὐκοσμίαν. <III.> <1> Ἔστι μὲν ἱεραρχία κατ' ἐμὲ τάξις ἱερὰ καὶ ἐπιστήμη καὶ ἐνέργεια πρὸς τὸ θεοειδὲς ὡς ἐφικτὸν ἀφομοιουμένη καὶ πρὸς τὰς ἐνδιδομένας αὐτῇ θεόθεν ἐλλάμψεις ἀναλόγως ἐπὶ τὸ θεομίμητον ἀναγομένη, τὸ δὲ θεοπρε πὲς κάλλος ὡς ἁπλοῦν ὡς ἀγαθὸν ὡς τελεταρχικὸν ἀμιγὲς μέν ἐστι καθόλου πάσης ἀνομοιότητος, μεταδοτικὸν δὲ κατ' ἀξίαν ἑκάστῳ τοῦ οἰκείου φωτὸς καὶ τελειωτικὸν ἐν τελετῇ θειοτάτῃ κατὰ τὴν πρὸς ἑαυτὸ τῶν τελουμένων ἐναρμονίως ἀπαράλλακτον μόρφωσιν. <2> Σκοπὸς οὖν ἱεραρχίας ἐστὶν ἡ πρὸς θεὸν ὡς ἐφικτὸν ἀφομοίωσίς τε καὶ ἕνωσις αὐτὸν ἔχουσα πάσης ἱερᾶς ἐπιστήμης τε καὶ ἐνεργείας καθηγεμόνα καὶ πρὸς τὴν αὐτοῦ θειοτάτην εὐπρέπειαν ἀκλινῶς μὲν ὁρῶν ὡς δυνατὸν δὲ ἀποτυπούμενος καὶ τοὺς ἑαυτοῦ θιασώτας ἀγάλματα θεῖα τελῶν ἔσοπτρα διειδέστατα καὶ ἀκηλίδωτα, δεκτικὰ τῆς ἀρχιφώτου καὶ θεαρχικῆς ἀκτῖνος καὶ τῆς μὲν ἐνδιδομένης αἴγλης ἱερῶς ἀποπληρούμενα, ταύτην δὲ αὖθις ἀφθόνως εἰς τὰ ἑξῆς ἀναλάμποντα κατὰ τοὺς θεαρχικοὺς θεσμούς. Oὐ γὰρ θεμιτόν ἐστι τοῖς τῶν ἱερῶν τελεταῖς ἢ τοῖς ἱερῶς τελουμένοις ἐνεργῆσαί τι καθόλου παρὰ τὰς τῆς οἰκείας τελεταρχίας ἱερὰς διατάξεις ἀλλ' οὐδὲ ὑπάρχειν ἑτέρως, εἰ τῆς θεωτικῆς αὐτῆς ἀγλαΐας ἐφίενται καὶ πρὸς αὐτὴν ἱεροπρεπῶς ἀποσκοποῦσι καὶ ἀποτυποῦνται κατὰ τὴν ἑκάστου τῶν ἱερῶν νοῶν ἀναλογίαν. Oὐκοῦν ἱεραρχίαν ὁ λέγων ἱεράν τινα καθόλου δηλοῖ διακόσμησιν, εἰκόνα τῆς θεαρχικῆς ὡραιότητος, ἐν τάξεσι καὶ ἐπιστήμαις ἱεραρχικαῖς τὰ τῆς οἰκείας ἐλλάμψεως ἱερουρ γοῦσαν μυστήρια καὶ πρὸς τὴν οἰκείαν ἀρχὴν ὡς θεμιτὸν ἀφομοιουμένην· ἔστι γὰρ ἑκάστῳ τῶν ἱεραρχίᾳ κεκληρωμένων ἡ τελείωσις τὸ κατ' οἰκείαν