Expositio in Proverbia

 the things that have fallen, that is, from the pretext of Uriah. How then does Solomon say before: “He who rejoices 17.165 at another's destruction wi

 would have difficulty, just as the desire for money a pure mind draws near to wisdom since it knows well but the impure will be far from it. Adam i

 but here, that he names the mind a good gift, on account of the one who unjustly receives gifts in his bosom, and is not prospered for those unjust g

 of virtue And this persuades me, in a small way, that the rich man being judged in Hades for his wickedness was not completely given over to every ev

 to you, You shall not be angry. It must be noted here that he calls the natural harmonious movement of the ant, wisdom for indeed one wiser than a wi

 for he was the lamp that was burning and shining a light, the New Testament For I, he says, am the light of the world a refutation of evil things,

 of the kemphos fish in the sea, flying in schools here and there which the sailors, having baited a many-hooked line, catch and not only does it not

 come to the introductions but when they become wise, and are strengthened, reprove them. And Christ, when his disciples were still young, did not rep

 of the evil one. But the impious who sin will not only fall from the kingdom, but they will inhabit the fire and not the earth. Instead of, he is full

 be not silent to me, says David, and I will be like those who go down into the pit. A lawless man will be passed over in silence by God, that is, he w

 sinning. Here he calls the senses ways but he who guards them, keeps his own soul from death unto life for life is the Holy Trinity that gives life

 afflicted, distressed? And how will the unbeliever not have an obol, when many unbelievers are clothed with much wealth, I mean kings and rulers of th

 the love of God for humanity which also brings us to God the Father himself, as sons weaned, and desiring spiritual solid food so that just as his S

 your eyes, say: for many, even without having begun virtue, not only advise others to act rightly, but also compel and exhort them. Here he says man

 body is profitable to the foolish man for he will trample it underfoot, being a pleasure-loving pig and by sensible luxury his flesh will be moved t

 that is, to imitate the virtues of the righteous and prophets who shone in the six ages before the coming of Christ, who also feed the widow and orpha

 of the Lord, is the knowledge of the Lord, and the light of the Lord is the breath of men, therefore the knowledge of the Lord is the breath of men b

 He calls the mind a horse, which is warred against by the devil, and which wars in return For you will mount, he says, upon your horses and your rid

 he slanders us to God, taking from us the virtues which he has not given us, so also we slander him taking from him the vices which we have not given

 But do not enter into the land of those who have orphaned themselves from God, who possess wickedness as the property of demons, on account of which t

 but vice diminishes virtue, and virtue obviously corrupts vice and this will happen in the age to come, until vice ceases for shall be defiled, in

 earth-born nations, and having strengthened them with virtues in faith in him, Christ the God, and having stored up the heavenly water that which flo

 is, the law given to us by him in righteousness and those who gouge out the eyes of the impious, he called ravens but those who devour him whole, he

 of lands, he keeps his own justly. Cast a precious sardius into a golden earring, and the wisdom of the Lord into a dispassionate and obedient mind to

 defines servants or those under his hand for the rod is a symbol of punishment. From his own feet, etc. Here he calls servants 'feet' and from them

 to the devil who made it, to yield as to a brother, so as to be destroyed with him. -Better is he who is joined to me through true knowledge, than he

 lawless, are the doctrines of demons, which the instructed son does not obey and by son he means the mind but he who restrains his mind from being c

 of blood are the demons, who killed those living in Christ by the shedding of blood but the upright will seek out his soul these are they who wish t

 a soul of abundance for its bodily house. He says that the soul of the diligent man has the Church as a tree of knowledge and a tree of life of knowl

of virtue; And this persuades me, in a small way, that the rich man being judged in Hades for his wickedness was not completely given over to every evil, since he also pitied his brothers; and to show mercy is the most beautiful seed of virtue. Knowledge is both a well and a spring; for to those who approach the virtues, it seems to be a deep well; but to the dispassionate and pure, a spring; thus also the Savior sat down at the spring, it was about the sixth hour; but understand the spring to be divine knowledge, and not the well of water; and just as the spring is available without labor, that is the running water for those who thirst, so the well is with labor for those who wish to draw from it; and just as the spring is unceasing in its flowing, so the perceptible scripture has an ever-flowing course, and it is easy for those who thirst to honor God; and just as the well provides labor for those who draw from it, so also does contemplative knowledge for those who wish through it to achieve the virtues, of both soul and body, to comprehend divine things, and to lay claim to the kingdom of the heavens. 17.176 Here "woman" signifies the knowledge of God; and this was given to us from youth; which Solomon above calls the teaching of youth; For he says, Son, let not evil counsel overtake you (speaking of the devil, as one who has counseled evil); she who has forsaken the teaching of her youth, and forgotten the divine covenant; but forgetfulness and forsaking are secondary to the acquisition of knowledge; just as sickness is the last stage of health, and death is second to life; and at the same time with these, because this same knowledge is called mother and wife and sister; mother, because he who taught me has begotten me through it, as Paul did the Galatians through the Gospel; wife, because being with me it bears virtues and right doctrines; if indeed wisdom bears prudence for a man; sister, because both I and it have come from the one God and Father; For he says, "Say to wisdom, you are my sister." Grace and friendship set free; but virtue and knowledge set the rational soul free; for grace and friendship are virtue and knowledge; and if the hind is born from friendship, the foal is born from graces; therefore the hind is a symbol of contemplation; and the foal, of dispassion; for the one comes from virtues; and the other is naturally from knowledge. -The hind is a symbol of contemplation, of bodies and incorporeal things and of the knowledge of God; and friendship, of love towards God and neighbor; and the foal, of dispassion; and the contemplation of the knowledge of God is accustomed to come from the virtues of the soul; and love is naturally from wisdom; and dispassion, from the virtues of the body; and he exhorts us to always associate with such graces; and he who delights in these will not only converse with God, but will also become a dweller with him. -Virtue, which is called friendship, is proper to the rational nature, and it befriends with God those who follow it through the knowledge of God. -For in the friendship of virtue and of knowledge, the one who partakes is one of many who are benefited. Some think this is said concerning worldly wisdom, with which it is not good to linger because of the deceptions in it; but others interpret it concerning wickedness and not being with it for long, thus: that it is entirely impossible for a man to abstain from evil thoughts; but it is possible not to linger in them; which he also calls embraces. Everyone who stands surety for Christ the friend, as righteousness and truth, delivers his own soul to the enemies, those who are accustomed to wage war against men, on account of friendship toward the Savior; for spiritual friendship is knowledge of God, according to which the saints are also called friends of God, as John the Baptist was a friend of the bridegroom, and Moses and the apostles; For he says, "No longer do I call you servants, but friends." Do you see the contest and the vigil? Sleep of the 17.177 soul is sin in act; but drowsiness, the first unclean thought forming in the soul; and heavy drowsiness is the inclination toward worse things; therefore the law prevents sleep; and the Gospel, drowsiness; if indeed the one cuts off sin in act; and the other, the wickedness first forming in the thought; For it was said, he says, to those of old, "You shall not murder"; but I say

τῆς ἀρετῆς· πείθει δέ με καὶ οὗτος παρ' ὀλίγον, καὶ οὐ τελείως ἐν παντὶ κακῷ γεγονὼς ὁ πλούσιος ἐν τῷ ᾅδῃ διὰ κακίαν κρινόμενος, καὶ οἰκτείρων τοὺς ἀδελφούς· τὸ δὲ ἐλεεῖν, σπέρμα τυγχάνει τὸ κάλλιστον τῆς ἀρετῆς. Ἡ γνῶσις καὶ φρέαρ ἐστὶ καὶ πηγή· τοῖς μὲν γὰρ προσελθοῦσι ταῖς ἀρεταῖς, βαθὺ φρέαρ εἶναι δο κεῖ· τοῖς δὲ ἀπαθέσι καὶ καθαροῖς, πηγή· οὕτω καὶ ὁ Σωτὴρ ἐκαθέζετο ἐπὶ τῇ πηγῇ, ὥρα ἦν ὡσεὶ ἕκτη· πηγὴν δὲ νόει τὴν θείαν γνῶσιν, καὶ οὐ τὸ φρέαρ τοῦ ὕδατος· ὥσπερ δὲ ἡ πηγὴ πρόκειται ἀκόπως, τουτέστι τὸ τρέχον ὕδωρ τοῖς διψῶσιν, οὕτω τὸ φρέαρ ἐν κόπῳ τοῖς θέλουσιν ἀντλεῖν· καὶ ὥσπερ ἡ πηγὴ ἄπαυστός ἐστι τοῦ ῥεῖν, οὕτως ἡ αἰσθητικὴ γραφὴ ἀένναον ἔχει τὸν δρόμον, καὶ εὔκολον τοῖς διψῶσι τὸν Θεὸν γεραίρειν· καὶ ὥσπερ τὸ φρέαρ κόπον παρέχει τοῖς ἀντλοῦσιν, οὕτω καὶ ἡ θεωρητικὴ γνῶσις τοῖς θέλουσι δι' αὐτῆς τὰς ἀρετὰς κατορθῶσαι, ψυχῆς τε καὶ σώματος, τά τε θεῖα ἐννοεῖν, καὶ τῆς βασιλείας τῶν οὐρανῶν ἀντιποιηθῆναι. 17.176 Γυναῖκα ἐνταῦθα τὴν τοῦ Θεοῦ γνῶσιν σημαίνει· αὕτη δὲ ἐκ νεότητος ἡμῖν ἐδόθη· ἥντινα ἀνωτέρω διδασκαλίαν ὁ Σολομῶν νεότητος λέγει· Υἱὲ, γάρ φησι, μή σε καταλάβῃ βουλὴ κακὴ (τὸν διάβολον λέγων, ὡς κακῶς βουλευσάμενον)· ἡ ἀπολιποῦσα διδασκα λίαν νεότητος, καὶ διαθήκην θείαν ἐπιλελησμένη· λήθη δὲ καὶ ἀπόλειψις, γνώσεως κτήσεως δεύτεραι· ὥσπερ καὶ ὑγείας νόσος ἐσχάτη, καὶ ζωῆς θάνατος δεύτερος· ἅμα δὲ καὶ τούτοις τε, ὅτι ὅπερ ἡ αὐτὴ γνῶσις, καὶ μήτηρ λέγεται καὶ γυνὴ καὶ ἀδελφή· μήτηρ μὲν, ἐπειδὴ ὁ διδάξας με, δι' αὐτῆς με γεγέν νηκεν, ὡς Παῦλος διὰ τοῦ Εὐαγγελίου Γαλάτας· γυνὴ δὲ, ὅτι συνοῦσά μοι τίκτει τὰς ἀρετὰς καὶ δόγματα ὀρθά· εἴ γε ἡ σοφία ἀνδρὶ τίκτει φρόνησιν· ἀδελφὴ, ὅτι ἐγώ τε καὶ αὕτη ἐκ τοῦ ἑνὸς γεγόναμεν Θεοῦ καὶ Πατρός· Εἶπον γὰρ, φησὶ, τὴν σοφίαν, σὴν ἀδελ φὴν εἶναι. Ἡ χάρις καὶ ἡ φιλία ἐλευθεροῖ· ἡ δὲ ἀρετὴ καὶ γνῶσις ἐλευθεροῦσι ψυχὴν λογικήν· ἡ χάρις γὰρ καὶ ἡ φιλία, ἀρετὴ καὶ γνῶσίς ἐστιν· εἰ δὲ ἔλαφος ἐκ τῆς φιλίας, ὁ πῶλος ἐκ τῶν χαρίτων γεννᾶται· ἡ οὖν ἔλαφός ἐστι τῆς θεωρίας σύμβολον· ὁ δὲ πῶλος, τῆς ἀπαθείας· ἡ μὲν γὰρ, ἐξ ἀρετῶν· ἡ δὲ, ἐκ τῆς γνώσεως γίνεσθαι πέφυκεν. -Ἡ μὲν ἔλαφός ἐστιν θεωρίας σύμβολον, σωμάτων καὶ ἀσωμάτων καὶ γνώσεως Θεοῦ· ἡ δὲ φιλία, τῆς πρὸς Θεὸν καὶ τὸν πλησίον ἀγάπης· ὁ δὲ πῶλος, τῆς ἀπαθείας· καὶ ἡ μὲν θεωρία τῆς πρὸς Θεὸν γνώσεως, ἐξ ἀρετῶν εἴωθε γίνεσθαι ψυχικῶν· ἡ δὲ ἀγάπη, ἐκ τῆς σοφίας γί νεσθαι πέφυκεν· ἡ δὲ ἀπάθεια, ἐκ τῶν τοῦ σώματος ἀρετῶν· παραινεῖ δὲ ἡμᾶς ταῖς τοιαύταις χάρισιν ἀεὶ προσομιλεῖν· ὁ δὲ τούτοις ἐμφιλοχωρῶν, οὐ μόνον τῷ Θεῷ προσομιλήσει, ἀλλὰ καὶ σύνοικος γενήσεται αὐτῷ. -Ἰδία τῆς λογικῆς φύσεώς ἐστιν ἡ ἀρετὴ, ἥτις καλεῖται φιλία, καὶ συμφιλιάζει τῷ Θεῷ τοὺς ἑπομένους αὐτῇ διὰ τῆς γνώσεως τοῦ Θεοῦ. -Ἐν γὰρ τῇ τῆς ἀρετῆς φιλίᾳ καὶ τῇ τῆς γνώσεως, ὁ συμπεριφερόμενος πολλοστός ἐστι τῶν ὠφελουμέ νων. Τινὲς μὲν τοῦτο περὶ τῆς ἔξωθεν σοφίας νομίζου σι λέγεσθαι, πρὸς ἣν χρονίζειν οὐ καλὸν διὰ τὰς ἐν αὐτῇ ἀπάτας· τινὲς δὲ περὶ τῆς κακίας καὶ τὸ μὴ πολὺν εἶναι πρὸς αὐτὴν, ἑρμηνεύουσιν οὕτως· ὅτι ἀδύνατον μὲν παντάπασιν ἀπέχεσθαι ἄνθρωπον πονη ρῶν λογισμῶν· μὴ ἐγχρονίζειν μέντοι ἐν αὐτοῖς, δυνα τόν· οὓς καὶ ἀγκάλας καλεῖ. Πᾶς ὁ τὸν φίλον τὸν Χριστὸν ἐγγυώμενος, ὡς δικαιοσύνην καὶ ἀλήθειαν, παραδίδωσι τὴν ἑαυτοῦ ψυχὴν τοῖς ἐχθροῖς, τοῖς εἰωθόσι πολεμεῖν τοῖς ἀνθρώ ποις, διὰ τὴν πρὸς τὸν Σωτῆρα φιλίαν· φιλία γάρ ἐστι πνευματικὴ, γνῶσις Θεοῦ, καθ' ἣν καὶ οἱ ἅγιοι φίλοι Θεοῦ χρηματίζουσιν, ὡς ὁ Ἰωάννης ὁ Βαπτι στὴς φίλος ἦν τοῦ νυμφίου, Μωϋσῆς τε καὶ οἱ ἀπόστο λοι· Οὐκέτι γὰρ, φησὶν, ὑμᾶς καλῶ δούλους, ἀλλὰ φίλους. Ὁρᾷς ἀγῶνα καὶ ἀγρυπνίαν; Ὕπνος μέν ἐστι ψυ 17.177 χῆς ἡ κατ' ἐνέργειαν ἁμαρτία· νυσταγμὸς δὲ, τὸ πρῶτον ἐν τῇ ψυχῇ συνιστάμενον ἀκάθαρτον νόημα· ἐπινυσταγμὸς δὲ ἡ πρὸς τὰ χείρω ῥοπή· κωλύει οὖν ὁ μὲν νόμος τὸν ὕπνον· τὸν δὲ νυσταγμὸν τὸ Εὐαγγέ λιον· εἴ γε ὁ μὲν περικόπτει τὴν κατ' ἐνέργειαν ἁμαρ τίαν· τὸ δὲ, τὴν κατὰ διάνοιαν πρῶτον συνισταμέ νην κακίαν· Ἐῤῥέθη γὰρ, φησὶ, τοῖς ἀρχαίοις, Οὐ φο νεύσεις· ἐγὼ δὲ λέγω