Chapter IV.

If, therefore, it is evident that from the beginning this kind of worship has both been forbidden—witness the commands so numerous and weighty—and that it has never been engaged in without punishment following, as examples so numerous and impressive show, and that no offence is counted by God so presumptuous as a trespass of this sort, we ought further to perceive the purport of both the divine threatenings and their fulfilments, which was even then commended not only by the not calling in question, but also by the enduring of martyrdoms, for which certainly He had given occasion by forbidding idolatry.  For otherwise martyrdoms would not take place. And certainly He had supplied, as a warrant for these, His own authority, willing those events to come to pass for the occurrence of which He had given occasion.  At present (it is important), for we are getting severely stung concerning the will of God, and the scorpion repeats the prick, denying the existence of this will, finding fault with it, so that he either insinuates that there is another god, such that this is not his will, or none the less overthrows ours, seeing such is his will, or altogether denies this will of God, if he cannot deny Himself. But, for our part, contending elsewhere about God, and about all the rest of the body of heretical teaching, we now draw before us definite lines35    An allusion to what occurred in the games, there being lines to mark the space within which the contests were to be waged.—Tr. for one form of encounter, maintaining that this will, such as to have given occasion for martyrdoms, is that of not another god than the God of Israel, on the ground of the commandments relating to an always forbidden, as well as of the judgments upon a punished, idolatry.  For if the keeping of a command involves the suffering of violence, this will be, so to speak, a command about keeping the command, requiring me to suffer that through which I shall be able to keep the command, violence namely, whatever of it threatens me when on my guard against idolatry. And certainly (in the case supposed) the Author of the command extorts compliance with it. He could not, therefore, have been unwilling that those events should come to pass by means of which the compliance will be manifest. The injunction is given me not to make mention of any other god, not even by speaking,—as little by the tongue as by the hand,—to fashion a god, and not to worship or in any way show reverence to another than Him only who thus commands me, whom I am both bid fear that I may not be forsaken by Him, and love with my whole being, that I may die for Him. Serving as a soldier under this oath, I am challenged by the enemy.  If I surrender to them, I am as they are. In maintaining this oath, I fight furiously in battle, am wounded, hewn in pieces, slain.  Who wished this fatal issue to his soldier, but he who sealed him by such an oath?

CAPUT IV.

Hanc igitur si a primordio constat et prohibitam de tot tantisque praeceptis, et nunquam impune 0130A commissam, de tot tantisque documentis, nec ullum tam superbum crimen apud Deum deputari, quam hujusmodi transgressionem, ultro intelligere debemus divinarum et denuntiationum et executionum intentionem, jam tunc martyriis patrocinatam, non modo non dubitandis, verum etiam sustinendis, quibus scilicet locum fecerat prohibendo idololatriam: aliter enim martyria non evenirent; et utique auctoritatem suam praestruxerat, volens ea evenire quibus locum fecerat. Nunc enim de Dei voluntate compungimur, et ingeminat scorpius plagam, hanc negans, hanc accusans voluntatem, ut aut alium Deum insinuet, cujus haec non sit voluntas; aut nostrum nihilominus destruat, cujus talis sit voluntas; aut omnino neget voluntatem Dei, si ipsum negare 0130B non poterit. Nos autem de Deo alibi dimicantes, et de reliquo corpore haereticae cujusque doctrinae, nunc in unam speciem congressionis certas praeducimus lineas, non alterius Dei, quam Israelis, eam defendentes voluntatem, quae martyriis locum fecerit, tam ex praeceptis prohibitae semper, quam ex judiciis punitae idololatriae. Si enim praeceptum observatum vim patitur, hoc erit quodammodo observandi praeceptum, ut id patiar per quod potero observare praeceptum: vim scilicet quaecumque mihi imminet caventi ab idololatria. Et utique qui imponit praeceptum, extorquet obsequium. Non potuit ergo noluisse ea evenire, per quae constabit obsequium. Praescribitur mihi ne quem alium Deum dicam; ne, vel dicendo, non minus lingua quam manu Deum 0130C fingam; ne quem alium adorem, aut quoque modo venerer, praeter unicum illum qui ita mandat; quem et jubeor timere, ne ab eo deserar; et de omni substantia diligere, ut pro eo moriar. Huic sacramento militans ab hostibus provocor, par sum illis si manus dedero; hoc defendendo depugno in acie, vulneror, concidor, occidor. Quis hunc militi suo exitum voluit, nisi qui tali eum sacramento consignavit?