I exist. and Eō, meaning I leave behind. and of those with augmentation, eōnymenos. eōkein. eōrgein. about which we will speak immediately.

{1General rules concerning the breathing of E.}1 The E, when added to words that have a smooth breathing and begin with a vowel, takes a smooth breathing, 199 but in words that have a rough breathing, it takes the rough. And of the former, an example is ōnēmenos, Eōnēmenos, the one who bought. ōnochóei, Eōnochóei. ōxen, Eōxen, instead of anéōxen. ēn, Eēn,instead of hypērchen. eikosin, Eeikosi. and of the latter, hōrōn, heōrōn. hōraka, heōraka. hēndanen, heēndanen. heis, heeis. An E with a rough breathing, if it takes a Y, has a smooth breathing. for example hékēlos, the quiet, Eúkēlos. héōlon, the of yesterday, Eúōlon. but Eúaden, instead of ērese, has a smooth breathing. because it is also eaden. For those who put a rough breathing on it were in error. The E, when it comes before and falls away in the past tenses, has a smooth breathing; and it comes before in the active and passive of the indicative verbs, for example, typtō, etypton. legō, elegon. typtomai, etyptomēn. but it falls away in the other moods. The E in pronouns before a consonant has a smooth breathing. egō, emou, emoi, eme, emos, emauton. ekeinos. and similar words. but heauton, and such words, not being before a consonant, have a rough breathing. The E in numbers has a rough breathing. hen. hendeka. hex. hexēkonta. hexakosia. hepta. hebdomēkonta. heptakosia. hekton. except for ennea. ennenēkonta. and eikosin. The E in prepositions has a smooth breathing. epi, ex. ek. en. eis. es. as does every vowel in them without the y. It should be noted that E before three vowels, E H I, always has a smooth breathing. except for Heeldōr, the desire. and before the three aspirated consonants, TH PH CH, it always has a smooth breathing. except for hephthos. and before the 20double20 Ps and before G.

BEGINNING OF H.

1 The H before A is found from inflection or augmentation, and has a smooth breathing. for example

Ēakei, instead of he lamented. and Ēarizon, instead of, they were speaking about spring. and similar words. H before B has a rough breathing. for example Hēbē, the age. and the words derived from it, Hēbō. hēbaskō. Hēbēdon, instead of with all age. except for Ēbaion, the little, and small. and ēbolein †. and of those not derived from hēbē. however hēbryneto, as derived from habros, has a rough breathing. 200 H before G always has a rough breathing. for example hēgemōn. hēgemonia. hēgoumai. hēgoumenos. hēgētōr. hēgēsippos. hēgesilaos. and the rest. unless it be from inflection. for example Ēgmenos, the one being led. ēgoroōnto. ēgroikisthēn. ēgamen. ēgapato. however hēgnikotes comes from hagnizō. this in turn from hagnos; and hagnos from the verb hazō kept the rough breathing. and unless it is by a change of A to H, for example Ēgatheos, the very divine. H before D has a rough breathing. hēdys, hēdiōn, hēdistos. hēdion. hēdonē. hēdynō. and hēdō. except for Ēdōnoi, the Macedonians. Ēdē, instead of now. Ēdos, the benefit. which is indeclinable. and Ēdei, instead of he knew. and of those having the H from inflection. ēdoumēn. Ēden, instead of he was saying. ēdynamēn. however hēdrasmenos and hēdraiōmenos, having the H from inflection, have a rough breathing. for they come from hedraiō and hedrazō. H before E has a smooth breathing. Ēetiōn, a proper name. Ēe-lios, the sun. ēeriboia. Ēerophoitis erinnys, she who roams in the air. H before Z has a smooth breathing. for example Ēzanoi, a people. but if it is found from inflection, it has the breathing of the stem. as in hazomai, hēzomēn. H before TH has a smooth breathing. for example ēthos. Ēthmos, the strainer, from Ēthō, I filter. and the rest. H before I has a smooth breathing. for example Ēios, an epithet of Apollo, and it means the archer. Ēitheos, the unmarried, or the demigod. Ēia, the foods. Ēiōn, the shore. and the rest. H before K has a rough breathing. Hēkō, meaning I come, and the words derived from it. Hēkista, instead of in no way. and the rest. except for Ēka, instead of quietly. ēkestēs. Ēkesato, instead of he healed. Ēkalon, instead of

ὑπάρχω. καὶ Ἐῶ, τὸ καταλιμπάνω. καὶ τῶν κατὰ αὔξησιν, ἐωνημένος. ἐῴκειν. ἐώργειν. περὶ ὧν αὐτίκα ἐροῦμεν.

{1Καθολικοὶ κανόνες περὶ πνεύματος τοῦ Ε.}1 Τὸ Ε πλεονάζον ἐν μὲν λέξεσι ψιλουμέναις ἀπὸ φωνήεντος ἀρχομέναις μεταλαμβάνει τοῦ ψιλοῦ πνεύματος, 199 ἐν δὲ δασυνομέναις τοῦ δασέος. καὶ τοῦ μὲν προτέρου πα ράδειγμα τὸ ὠνημένος, Ἐωνημένος, ὁ ἀγορασάμενος. ᾠνο χόει, Ἐῳνοχόει. ᾦξεν, Ἔῳξεν, ἀντὶ τοῦ ἀνέῳξεν. ἦν, Ἔην,ἀντὶ τοῦ ὑπῆρχεν. εἴκοσιν, Ἐείκοσι. τοῦ δὲ δευτέρου τὸ ὥρων, ἑώρων. ὥρακα, ἑώρακα. ἥνδανεν, ἑήνδανεν. εἷς, ἕεις. Τὸ Ε δασυνόμενον, ἐὰν προσλάβῃ τὸ Υ, ψιλοῦται. οἷον ἕκηλος, ὁ ἥσυχος, Εὔκηλος. ἕωλον, τὸ χθεσινὸν, Εὔωλον. τὸ δὲ Εὔαδεν, ἀντὶ τοῦ ἤρεσε, ψιλοῦται. διότι καὶ ἔαδεν. ἥμαρτον γὰρ οἱ δασύνοντες αὐτό. Τὸ Ε κατὰ τοὺς παρῳχημένους προερχόμενον καὶ ἀποπίπτον ψιλοῦται· καὶ προέρχεται μὲν ἐν τοῖς ἐνεργητι κοῖς καὶ παθητικοῖς τῶν ὁριστικῶν ῥημάτων, οἷον τύπτω ἔτυπτον. λέγω ἔλεγον. τύπτομαι ἐτυπτόμην. ἀποπίπτει δὲ ἐπὶ τῶν ἄλλων ἐγκλίσεων. Τὸ Ε ἐν ταῖς ἀντωνυμίαις πρὸ συμφώνου ψιλοῦται. ἐγὼ, ἐμοῦ, ἐμοὶ, ἐμὲ, ἐμὸς, ἐμαυτόν. ἐκεῖνος. καὶ τὰ ὅμοια. τὸ δὲ ἑαυτὸν, καὶ τὰ τοιαῦτα, πρὸ συμφώνου μὴ ὄντα, δασύνεται. Τὸ Ε ἐν τοῖς ἀριθμοῖς δασύνεται. ἕν. ἕνδεκα. ἕξ. ἑξήκοντα. ἑξακόσια. ἑπτά. ἑβδομήκοντα. ἑπτακόσια. ἑκτόν. πλὴν τοῦ ἐννέα. ἐννενήκοντα. καὶ εἴκοσιν. Τὸ Ε ἐν ταῖς προθέσεσι ψιλοῦται. ἐπί, ἐξ. ἐκ. ἐν. εἰς. ἐς. ὡς καὶ πᾶν φωνῆεν ἐν αὐταῖς ἄνευ τοῦ υ. Σημειωτέον ὅτι τὸ Ε πρὸ τριῶν φωνηέντων, τοῦ Ε Η Ι, ψιλοῦται ἀεί. πλὴν τοῦ Ἑέλδωρ, τὸ ἐπιθύμημα. καὶ πρὸ τῶν τριῶν δασέων, τοῦ Θ Φ Χ, ψιλοῦται ἀεί. πλὴν τοῦ ἑφθός. καὶ πρὸ τοῦ 20διπλοῦ20 Ψ καὶ πρὸ τοῦ Γ.

ΑΡΧΗ ΤΟΥ Η.

1 Τὸ Η πρὸ τοῦ Α ἀπὸ κλίσεως ἤτοι αὐξήσεως εὑρί σκεται, καὶ ψιλοῦται. οἷον

Ἠάκει, ἀντὶ τοῦ ἐθρήνησε. καὶ Ἠάριζον, ἀντὶ τοῦ, περὶ ἔαρος ἔλεγον. καὶ τὰ ὅμοια. Τὸ Η πρὸ τοῦ Β δασύνεται. οἷον Ἥβη, ἡ ἡλικία. καὶ τὰ ἐξ αὐτοῦ, Ἡβῶ. ἡβάσκω. Ἡβηδὸν, ἀντὶ τοῦ σὺν πάσῃ ἡλικίᾳ. πλὴν τοῦ Ἠβαιὸν, τὸ ὀλίγον, καὶ μικρόν. καὶ ἠβολεῖν †. καὶ τῶν μὴ παρὰ τὴν ἥβην γινομένων. τὸ μέντοι ἡβρύνετο, ὡς ἀπὸ τοῦ ἁβρὸς γινόμενον, δασύ νεται. 200 Τὸ Η πρὸ τοῦ Γ δασύνεται ἀεί. οἷον ἡγεμών. ἡγε μονία. ἡγοῦμαι. ἡγούμενος. ἡγήτωρ. ἡγήσιππος. ἡγεσίλαος. καὶ τὰ λοιπά. πλὴν εἰ μὴ ἀπὸ κλίσεως εἴη. οἷον Ἠγμένος, ὁ ἀγόμενος. ἠγορόωντο. ἠγροικίσθην. ἤγαμεν. ἠγαπᾶτο. τὸ μέντοι ἡγνικότες ἐκ τοῦ ἁγνίζω γέγονε. τοῦτο δὲ ἐκ τοῦ ἁγνός· τὸ δὲ ἁγνὸς ἐκ τοῦ ἅζω ῥήματος τὴν δασεῖαν ἐφύ λαξε. καὶ πλὴν εἰ μὴ κατὰ τροπήν ἐστι τοῦ Α εἰς Η, οἷον Ἠγάθεος, ὁ ἄγαν θεῖος. Τὸ Η πρὸ τοῦ ∆ δασύνεται. ἡδὺς, ἡδίων, ἥδιστος. ἥδιον. ἡδονή. ἡδύνω. καὶ ἥδω. πλὴν τοῦ Ἠδωνοὶ, οἱ Μακε δόνες. Ἤδη, ἀντὶ ἀπάρτι. Ἦδος, τὸ ὄφελος. ὅπερ ἐστὶν ἄκλιτον. καὶ Ἤδει, ἀντὶ τοῦ ἠπίστατο. καὶ τῶν ἀπὸ κλί σεως ἐχόντων τὸ Η. ἠδούμην. Ἦδεν, ἀντὶ τοῦ ἔλεγεν. ἠδυνάμην. τὸ μέντοι ἡδρασμένος καὶ ἡδραιωμένος, ἀπὸ κλί σεως ἔχοντα τὸ Η, δασύνεται. ἀπὸ γὰρ τοῦ ἑδραιῶ καὶ ἑδράζω γεγόνασι. Τὸ Η πρὸ τοῦ Ε ψιλοῦται. Ἠετίων, κύριον. Ἠέ-λιος, ὁ ἥλιος. ἠερίβοια. Ἠεροφοῖτις ἐριννὺς, ἡ ἐν τῷ ἀέρι φοιτῶσα. Τὸ Η πρὸ τοῦ Ζ ψιλοῦται. οἷον Ἤζανοι, ἔθνος. εἰ δὲ εὕρηται ἀπὸ κλίσεως, ἔχει τὸ πνεῦμα τοῦ θέματος. ὡς τὸ ἅζομαι ἡζόμην. Τὸ Η πρὸ τοῦ Θ ψιλοῦται. οἷον ἦθος. Ἠθμὸς, τὸ σακελιστήριον, ἐκ τοῦ Ἠθῶ, τὸ διϋλίζω. καὶ τὰ λοιπά. Τὸ Η πρὸ τοῦ Ι ψιλοῦται. οἷον Ἤϊος, ἐπίθετον Ἀπόλλωνος, σημαίνει δὲ τὸν τοξότην. Ἠΐθεος, ὁ ἄγαμος, ἢ ὁ ἡμίθεος. Ἤϊα, τὰ βρώματα. Ἠϊὼν, ὁ αἰγιαλός. καὶ τὰ λοιπά. Τὸ Η πρὸ τοῦ Κ δασύνεται. Ἥκω, τὸ ἔρχομαι, καὶ τὰ ἐξ αὐτοῦ. Ἥκιστα, ἀντὶ τοῦ οὐδαμῶς. καὶ τὰ λοιπά. πλὴν τοῦ Ἦκα, ἀντὶ τοῦ ἡσύχως. ἠκέστης. Ἠκέσατο, ἀντὶ τοῦ ἐθεράπευσεν. Ἤκαλον, ἀντὶ τοῦ