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a return to their ancient fatherland; Seeing him, it says, they did not listen to him, because of their faint-heartedness and their harsh labors. They, seeing him who brought such good news, turned away; but she, seeing the prophet coming, not to end the famine, but to be a burden to her as well, suffered nothing of the sort. And they were so distressed because of the toil of their labors; but she, with not toil but a severe famine pressing upon her (and the difference between toil and famine is great), not only did not turn the man away, but also emptied out all her poverty, so as to receive the one who brought the famine upon them. And she went, it says, to get water, and the prophet cried out and said, "Fetch me also some bread, that I may eat." What then of the woman? She is not distressed even here, but what does she say? "As the Lord your God lives, I have no cake, but only a handful of meal." Why does she swear an oath? The prophet asked for bread, but she did not have bread. She feared, therefore, lest while she was baking it, roasting it, and preparing it, and then delaying, the prophet, not waiting for the delay, might leap away and the prize of her hospitality might flee. For this reason she secured him beforehand with an oath, saying not, "I have no meal," but that "There is no cake, but there is meal." And not only through the oath does she make him believe, but also through the very proof of the facts. "For behold," she says, "I am gathering two sticks, and I will go in and prepare it for my children, and we will eat, and we will die." Let those hear who build splendid houses, and who buy expensive fields, and who lead herds of servants through the marketplace; or rather, let both the rich and the poor, all of them, hear; for after this widow, there will be no excuse left for anyone.

So many were her hindrances, but nevertheless she cut through and overcame them all. But listen. She was a foreigner; this is one hindrance. A Sidonian; a second hindrance. For it is not the same thing to be simply a foreigner, and a Sidonian from that most wicked city; for as an extreme example of wickedness 51.345 Christ brought forward that city in the Gospels. She was, then, both a foreigner, and a Sidonian, and a woman, the weaker sex and in every way in need of assistance. There was also her widowhood, a fourth hindrance; a fifth, greater than all of those, the care of raising children. Let widows who are also raising children hear, that this excuse was not sufficient for not giving alms, nor for not receiving strangers; and only a handful of meal was left, and after that, death was expected. For you, even if you empty out all your money, even if you strip yourself of your property, can go to the doors of others and receive comfort; but then it was not even possible to beg, so had the famine choked up all the harbors. But none of these things hindered her. Should I also mention a seventh hindrance, the very man who was about to be a guest to the woman? For he was neither kin nor an acquaintance, but a stranger and a foreigner, and separated from her by the very account of his piety. And not only a stranger and a foreigner, but he himself was the one who had brought on the famine. 9. But none of these things turned the woman away, but she gave food to the mouth that had consumed all her food, and she fed the cause of the famine with the remnants of the famine. "Because of you," she says, "all my property has been reduced to this handful; but I do not spare even this handful on account of you, but I will give both myself and my children over to death, so that you," she says, "the cause of this distress, may not have even a small sensation of this distress." What other hyperbole of hospitality could one devise? It is not possible to find any. She saw a stranger, and immediately forgot nature, and ignored her birth-pangs, and looking at the company of her children, she was not broken.

And I know, having heard many people say many times, that "So-and-so, seeing a poor man, took off the tunic, the only one he wore, and clothed the naked man, and he himself, having borrowed a cloak from another, so went away"; and a great thing

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παλαιὰν πατρίδα ἐπάνοδον· Ἰδόντες αὐτὸν, φησὶν, οὐκ ἤκουσαν αὐτοῦ ἀπὸ τῆς ὀλιγοψυχίας, καὶ τῶν ἔργων τῶν σκληρῶν. Ἐκεῖνοι τὸν κομίζοντα εὐαγγέλια τοσαῦτα ἰδόντες ἐπεστράφησαν· αὕτη δὲ ἰδοῦσα τὸν προφήτην ἐλθόντα, οὐχὶ ὥστε λῦσαι τὸν λιμὸν, ἀλλ' ὥστε καὶ αὐτῇ γενέσθαι βαρὺν, οὐδὲν τοιοῦτον ἔπαθε. Κἀκεῖνοι μὲν οὕτως ἦσαν δυσχερεῖς διὰ τὸν τῶν ἔργων πόνον· αὕτη δὲ οὐχὶ πόνου, ἀλλὰ λιμοῦ σφοδρῶς ἐπικειμένου (πολὺ δὲ πόνου καὶ λιμοῦ τὸ μέσον), οὐ μόνον οὐκ ἀπεστράφη τὸν ἄνδρα, ἀλλὰ καὶ πᾶσαν αὐτῆς τὴν πενίαν ἐκένωσεν, ὥστε ὑποδέξασθαι τὸν ἐπαγαγόντα αὐτοῖς τὸν λιμόν. Καὶ ἐπορεύθη, φησὶ, λαβεῖν ὕδωρ, καὶ ἐβόησεν ὁ προφήτης καὶ εἶπε, Λάβε δή μοι καὶ ἄρτον, καὶ φάγομαι. Τί οὖν ἡ γυνή; Οὐδὲ ἐνταῦθα δυσχεραίνει, ἀλλὰ τί φησι; Ζῇ Κύριος ὁ Θεός σου, εἰ ἔστι μοι ἐγκρυφίας, ἀλλ' ἢ ὅσον δρὰξ ἀλεύρου. Τίνος ἕνεκεν ὄμνυσιν; Ἄρτον ᾔτησεν ὁ προφήτης, αὐτὴ δὲ ἄρτον οὐκ εἶχεν. Ἔδεισεν οὖν μή ποτε πεπτούσης αὐτῆς, ὀπτώσης, καὶ παρασκευαζούσης, εἶτα βραδυνούσης, οὐκ ἀναμείνας τὴν ἀναβολὴν ὁ προφήτης ἀποπηδήσῃ, καὶ φύγῃ τῆς φιλοξενίας τὸ θήραμα. ∆ιὰ τοῦτο αὐτὸν ὅρκῳ προκατέλαβε λέγουσα, οὐχ ὅτι Οὐκ ἔστι μοι ἄλευρον, ἀλλ' ὅτι Ἐγκρυφίας μὲν οὐκ ἔστιν, ἄλευρον δέ ἐστι. Καὶ οὐ διὰ τοῦ ὅρκου μόνον αὐτὸν πιστοῦται, ἀλλὰ καὶ δι' αὐτῆς τῶν πραγμάτων τῆς ἀποδείξεως. Ἰδοὺ γὰρ, φησὶ, δύο συλλέγω ξυλάρια, καὶ εἰσελεύσομαι, καὶ ποιήσω αὐτὰ τοῖς τέκνοις μου, καὶ φαγόμεθα, καὶ ἀποθανούμεθα. Ἀκουέτωσαν οἱ τὰς λαμπρὰς οἰκίας οἰκοδομούμενοι, καὶ τοὺς πολυτελεῖς ἀγροὺς ὠνούμενοι, καὶ οἰκετῶν ἀγέλας ἐπὶ τῆς ἀγορᾶς περιφέροντες· μᾶλλον δὲ καὶ εὔποροι καὶ πένητες ἀκουέτωσαν πάντες· οὐδενὶ γὰρ μετὰ τὴν χήραν ταύτην ἀπολογία ἔσται λοιπόν.

Τοσαῦτα ἦν αὐτῇ τὰ κωλύματα, ἀλλ' ὅμως πάντα ἐκεῖνα διέκοψε καὶ ὑπερέβη. Ἄκουε δέ. Ἀλλόφυλος ἦν· ἓν τοῦτο τὸ κώλυμα. Σιδωνία· δεύτερον κώλυμα. Οὐδὲ γὰρ ἴσον ἀλλόφυλον εἶναι ἁπλῶς, καὶ Σιδώνιον τῆς πονηροτάτης πόλεως· ὡς γὰρ ἔσχατον κακίας 51.345 ὑπόδειγμα, τὴν πόλιν ἐκείνην ἐν τοῖς Εὐαγγελίοις παρήγαγεν ὁ Χριστός. Ἦν τοίνυν καὶ ἀλλόφυλος, καὶ Σιδωνία, καὶ γυνὴ, τὸ ἀσθενὲς γένος καὶ πάντοθεν δεόμενον τῆς ἀντιλήψεως. Προσῆν καὶ χηρεία, τέταρτον κώλυμα· πέμπτον, ἐκείνων ἁπάντων μεῖζον, παιδοτροφίας ἐπιμέλεια. Ἀκουέτωσαν αἱ χῆραι καὶ παῖδας τρέφουσαι, ὡς οὐκ ἦν ἱκανὴ ἡ σκῆψις αὕτη πρὸς τὸ μὴ ποιεῖν ἐλεημοσύνην, μηδὲ ὑποδέχεσθαι ξένους· καὶ δρὰξ ἀλεύρου ὑπελέλειπτο μόνον, καὶ μετ' ἐκείνην θάνατος προσεδοκᾶτο. Σὺ μὲν γὰρ κἂν ἅπαντα κενώσῃς τὰ χρήματα, κἂν γυμνώσῃς τῆς περιουσίας σαυτὸν, δύνασαι πρὸς τὰς ἑτέρων θύρας ἀπελθεῖν καὶ τυχεῖν παραμυθίας· τότε δὲ οὐδὲ ἐπαιτεῖν δυνατὸν ἦν, οὕτως ἅπαντας τοὺς λιμένας ἔχωσεν ὁ λιμός. Ἀλλ' οὐδὲν τούτων ἐκώλυσεν. Εἴπω καὶ ἕβδομον κώλυμα, αὐτὸν τὸν μέλλοντα ἐπιξενίζεσθαι τῇ γυναικί. Οὐδὲ γὰρ οἰκεῖος, οὐδὲ γνώριμος ἦν, ἀλλὰ ξένος καὶ ἀλλότριος, καὶ κατ' αὐτὸν τῆς εὐσεβείας λόγον κεχωρισμένος αὐτῆς. Οὐ μόνον δὲ ξένος καὶ ἀλλότριος, ἀλλὰ καὶ αὐτὸς ἦν ὁ τὸν λιμὸν ἐπαγαγών. θʹ. Ἀλλ' οὐδὲν τούτων ἀπέτρεψε τὴν γυναῖκα, ἀλλ' ἐδίδου τροφὴν στόματι τῷ πᾶσαν αὐτῆς δαπανήσαντι τὴν τροφὴν, καὶ τὸν αἴτιον τοῦ λιμοῦ τοῖς λειψάνοις ἔτρεφε τοῦ λιμοῦ. ∆ιὰ σὲ, φησὶν, ἡ ἅπασά μοι περιουσία εἰς τὴν δράκα περιέστη ταύτην· ἀλλ' οὐδὲ τῆς δρακὸς ταύτης φείδομαι διὰ σὲ, ἀλλὰ καὶ ἐμαυτὴν καὶ τὰ παιδία ἐπιδώσω θανάτῳ, ἵνα σὺ, φησὶν, ὁ τῆς στενοχωρίας αἴτιος μηδὲ μικρὰν τῆς στενοχωρίας αἴσθησιν λάβῃς. Ποίαν τις ὑπερβολὴν ἐπινοήσειε φιλοξενίας ἑτέραν; Οὐκ ἔστιν οὐδεμίαν εὑρεῖν. Εἶδε ξένον, καὶ τῆς φύσεως εὐθέως ἐπελάθετο, καὶ τὰς ὠδῖνας ἠγνόησε, καὶ πρὸς τὸν τῶν παίδων βλέπουσα χορὸν, οὐ κατεκλάσθη.

Καὶ οἶδα μὲν ἀκούσας πολλάκις λεγόντων πολλῶν, ὅτι Ὁ δεῖνα πτωχὸν ἰδὼν, τὸν χιτωνίσκον, ὃν περιεβέβλητο μόνον, τοῦτον ἀποδυσάμενος, τὸν γυμνὸν περιέβαλεν, αὐτὸς δὲ παρ' ἑτέρου δανεισάμενος ἱμάτιον, οὕτως ἀπῆλθε· καὶ μέγα