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he is conveyed by triremes to Soteropolis, which is now named Pythia; and having made use of the hot waters there, where he is also said to have drunk a deadly poison mixed for him by his half-brothers, he arrives at Nicomedia; where he also died, after being ill for a considerable time, having become sixty-five years of age, and having reigned for thirty-two of these, lacking two months. His son Constantius, arriving from Antioch (for he was there fighting against the Persians), finding him still alive, buried him magnificently and laid him to rest in the church of the Holy Apostles, in a separate portico, however, which he himself had built for his father's burial. And that celebrated emperor is reported to have spent money lavishly and to have procured it for himself even more lavishly, so that his ambition in spending was not judged magnificence, but outright—but I will not say anything bad about that divine man. Whence also the profane Julian in his oration on the Caesars, mocking, as it were, this most pious emperor on account of his great spending, fabricates Hermes conversing with him and asking what would be the mark of a good king, and him replying to the question that the emperor should possess much and spend much. And he is said not to have been unversed in speeches, but to have been zealous about them no less than about arms. And hence his tongue became well-honed for discourse, and to have possessed certain charms that bewitched the ears of his listeners. And it is recorded that he was a hater of evil and was accustomed to say that for the sake of the stability of public affairs, the ruler ought to spare nothing at all, not even his own limbs. But being philanthropically disposed toward those who changed from wickedness, he would say that a sick and putrefied limb must be cut off, so that it does not harm the healthy ones, but not, however, one that has already recovered its health or is in the process of healing. And so that thrice-blessed emperor was transferred to the eternal tabernacles; and the entire dominion of the Romans was divided among his three sons, as some have written, having been distributed to them by their father, but as others have it, they divided it among themselves after the death of their father. And the distribution is reported to have proceeded among them thus: to Constans were allotted Italy and Rome itself, Africa and Sicily and the rest of the islands, but also Illyricum and Macedonia and, with Greece, the Peloponnese; to Constantine were assigned the Cottian Alps together with the Gauls (they were named Cottian from Cottius, who had been king of these places) and the Pyrenean region as far as the Moors who are separated by the strait of the Ocean; while the lot of Constantius was all that was subject to the Romans in the eastern portion, and in addition to these, Thrace with his father's city. The division of the empire having proceeded thus, Constantius for his part went to the East, campaigning against the Persians. For their ruler, Sapor, learning of the death of the great Constantine, did not cease attacking and plundering those under Roman rule. But Constantine attacked Constans, finding fault with the division of the territories and demanding that he either cede a part of the empire to him or asking that they both redivide the kingdoms. But since the latter held to the division that had already been made and clung to what had been allotted to him and would not concede even the smallest part to his brother, Constantine took up arms against him and invaded the portion of Constans. But he, being abroad in Dacia and learning of Constantine's move, sends an army and generals against him, promising that he himself would soon arrive with a larger army. So those who were sent, having come near Constantine, set an ambush and, engaging with him, pretended to flee. And as Constantine's men were pursuing them, from behind them those

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τριήρεσι κομίζεται εἰς τὴν Σωτηρόπολιν, ἣ νῦν ὀνομάζεται Πύθια· καὶ τοῖς ἐκεῖ χρησάμενος θερμοῖς ὕδασιν, ἔνθα καὶ φάρμακον πιεῖν δηλητήριον λέγεται παρὰ τῶν ἑτεροθαλῶν αὐτῷ κερασθὲν ἀδελφῶν, εἰς Νικομήδειαν παραγίνεται· ὅπου καὶ τετελεύτηκε, νοσήσας ἐφ' ἱκανόν, ἐτῶν γεγονὼς πέντε πρὸς τοῖς ἑξήκοντα, βασιλεύσας δ' ἐκ τούτων τριάκοντα πρὸς δυσίν, ἐνδεόντων δύο μηνῶν. ὃν ὁ υἱὸς Κωνστάντιος ἐξ Ἀντιοχείας παραγενόμενος (ἐκεῖ γὰρ ἦν τοῖς Πέρσαις ἀντιμαχόμενος) ἔτι ζῶντα εὑρὼν ἐκήδευσε μεγαλοπρεπῶς καὶ ἐν τῷ τῶν ἁγίων ἀποστόλων κατέ25 θετο ἱερῷ, ἐν ἰδιαζούσῃ μέντοι στοᾷ, ἣν ἐπὶ ταφῇ τοῦ πατρὸς αὐτὸς ᾠκοδόμησεν. Ἱστόρηται δὲ ὁ ἀοίδιμος ἐκεῖνος αὐτοκράτωρ ἀφειδῶς τε τὰ χρήματα ἀναλίσκειν καὶ ταῦτα πορίζειν ἑαυτῷ ἀφειδέστερον, ὡς μὴ μεγαλοπρέπειαν κρίνεσθαι τὸ περὶ τὰς δαπάνας φιλότιμον, ἄντικρυς δέ-ἀλλὰ μή τι φαῦλον ἐρῶ περὶ τοῦ θείου ἐκείνου ἀνδρός. ὅθεν καὶ ὁ βέβηλος Ἰουλιανὸς ἐν τῷ περὶ τῶν Καισάρων λόγῳ αὐτοῦ ἀποσκώπτων ὥσπερ εἰς τὸν εὐσεβέστατον τουτονὶ βασιλέα διὰ τὸ πολυδάπανον πλάττεται τὸν Ἑρμῆν διαλεγόμενόν οἱ καὶ τί ἂν εἴη γνώρισμα βασιλέως ἀγαθοῦ πυνθανόμενον, κἀκεῖνον πρὸς τὸ ἐρώτημα λέγοντα πολλὰ κεκτῆσθαι τὸν αὐτοκράτορα χρῆναι καὶ ἀναλίσκειν πολλά. λέγεται δὲ μηδὲ λόγοις ἀνομίλητος εἶναι, ἀλλὰ καὶ περὶ τούτους ἐσπουδακέναι οὔτι μεῖον τῶν ὅπλων. κἀντεῦθεν αὐτῷ τὴν γλῶτταν γενέσθαι πρὸς διάλεξιν εὔθηκτον, καί τινας ἴυγγας προσεῖναι αὐτῇ κατακηλούσας τὰς τῶν ἀκροατῶν ἀκοάς. ἀναγέγραπται δὲ καὶ μισοπόνηρος εἶναι καὶ εἰωθὼς λέγειν μηδὲν τῶν ἁπάντων τῆς τῶν 26 κοινῶν πραγμάτων καταστάσεως ἕνεκεν τὸν κρατοῦντα φείδεσθαι δεῖν, μηδ' αὐτῶν τῶν οἰκείων μελῶν. τοῖς δὲ μεταβαλλομένοις ἐκ πονηρίας φιλανθρώπως διατιθέμενος ἔλεγεν ὅτι τὸ νοσοῦν μέλος ἀποκοπτέον καὶ σεσηπός, ἵνα μὴ καὶ τοῖς ὑγιαίνουσι λυμανεῖται, οὐ μέντοι τὸ ὑγείας ἤδη τυχὸν ἢ καὶ ὑγιαζόμενον. Καὶ ὁ μὲν τρισόλβιος βασιλεὺς ἐκεῖνος πρὸς τὰς αἰωνίους μετετέθη σκηνάς· ἡ δὲ τῶν Ῥωμαίων ἡγεμονία εἰς τοὺς τρεῖς ἐκείνου παῖδας μεμέριστο ξύμπασα, ὡς μέν τινες συνεγράψαντο, παρὰ τοῦ πατρὸς αὐτοῖς διανεμηθεῖσα, ὡς δ' ἕτεροι, καθ' ἑαυτοὺς ταύτην αὐτῶν διελομένων μετὰ τὴν ἀποβίωσιν τοῦ πατρός. οὕτω δ' ἱστόρηται προβῆναι παρὰ σφίσιν ἡ διανέμησις· τῷ μὲν Κώνσταντι προσκληρωθῆναι τὴν Ἰταλίαν καὶ τὴν Ῥώμην αὐτὴν τὴν Ἀφρικήν τε καὶ Σικελίαν καὶ τὰς λοιπὰς τῶν νήσων, ἀλλὰ μέντοι καὶ τὸ Ἰλλυρικὸν καὶ τὴν Μακεδονίαν καὶ σὺν τῇ Ἑλλάδι τὴν Πελοπόννησον· τῷ δὲ Κωνσταντίνῳ τὰς Κοττίας 27 Ἄλπεις σὺν ταῖς Γαλλίαις προσνεμηθῆναι (Κοττίαι δὲ ὠνομάσθησαν ἀπὸ Κοττίου, βασιλέως τῶν τόπων τούτων γενομένου) καὶ τὸ Πυρηναῖον κλίμα μέχρι τῶν Μαύρων τῶν τῷ πορθμῷ διωρισμένων τῷ τοῦ Ὠκεανοῦ· τοῦ Κωνσταντίου δὲ λάχος γενέσθαι ὅσα κατὰ τὴν ἑῴαν μοῖραν ἦσαν Ῥωμαίοις ὑπήκοα, καὶ πρὸς τούτοις τὴν Θρᾴκην σὺν τῇ πόλει τῇ πατρικῇ. Οὕτω δὲ τοῦ μερισμοῦ τῆς ἀρχῆς προβάντος, ὁ μὲν Κωνστάντιος εἰς τὴν ἑῴαν ἐχώρησεν, ἐκστρατεύων κατὰ Περσῶν. ὁ γὰρ τούτων ἡγεμονεύων Σαπώρης, τὸν θάνατον τοῦ μεγάλου γνοὺς Κωνσταντίνου, κατὰ τῶν ὑπὸ Ῥωμαίοις τελούντων ἐπιὼν καὶ ληιζόμενος οὐκ ἐπαύετο. ὁ δὲ Κωνσταντῖνος τῷ Κώνσταντι ἐπεφύετο, τὴν διανέμησιν τῶν χωρῶν αἰτιώμενος καὶ ἢ παραχωρῆσαι μέρους αὐτῷ τῆς ἀρχῆς ἀπαιτῶν ἢ ἀναδάσασθαι τὰς βασιλείας ἄμφω ζητῶν. ὡς δ' ἐκεῖνος τῆς ἤδη γεγονυίας διανεμήσεως εἴχετο καὶ τῶν αὐτῷ προσκληρωθέντων ἀντείχετο καὶ οὐδὲ τοῦ βραχίστου παρεχώρει τῷ ἀδελφῷ, ὅπλα κατ' αὐτοῦ ἦρεν ὁ Κωνσταντῖνος καὶ ἐπῆλθε τῷ λάχει τοῦ Κώνσταντος. ὁ δὲ ἐν ∆ακίᾳ ἀποδημῶν καὶ τὴν κίνησιν τοῦ 28 Κωνσταντίνου μαθών, στράτευμα κατ' αὐτοῦ πέμπει καὶ στρατηγούς, καὶ αὐτὸς ὅσον ἤδη μετὰ πλείονος στρατιᾶς ἐπιστῆναι ἐπαγγειλάμενος. οἱ γοῦν πεμφθέντες ἐγγὺς τοῦ Κωνσταντίνου γενόμενοι λόχους καθίζουσι καὶ συμβαλόντες αὐτῷ φεύγειν ὑπεκρίνοντο. τῶν δὲ τοῦ Κωνσταντίνου διωκόντων αὐτούς, ἐξόπισθεν αὐτῶν οἱ