So having met and spent three years with the monasteries around Alexandria, with about two thousand most excellent and very zealous men, departing from there I came to the mountain of Nitria. Between this mountain and Alexandria lies a lake called Maria, of seventy miles; which, sailing across in a day and a half, I came to the mountain on the southern side. 7.2 Adjacent to this mountain is the utter desert, extending as far as Ethiopia and the land of the Mazices and Mauritania. On this mountain dwell about five thousand men, having different ways of life, each as he is able and as he wishes; so that it is permitted to remain alone, or with a second, or with many. On this mountain are seven bakeries serving them and also the anchorites in the utter desert, six hundred men. 7.3 Having lived, therefore, on this mountain for a year and having been much helped by the blessed fathers Arsisius the great and Putubastus and Asion and Cronius and Sarapion, and having been spurred on by many stories of the fathers from them, I entered into the innermost desert. On this mountain of Nitria is a great church, in which stand three palm trees, each having a whip hanging from it. And one is for the case of erring monks, another for robbers, should any happen to fall in, and the other for casual visitors; so that all who err and are convicted as deserving of blows embrace the palm tree, and receiving on their back a set number are thus dismissed. 7.4 Next to the church is a guest-house, in which they welcome a visiting stranger for the entire time, until he departs of his own accord, even if he remains for two or three years; but having allowed him one week of idleness, for the remaining days they keep him busy with tasks, either in the garden or in the bakery or in the kitchen. But if he should be a person of note, they give him a book, not allowing him to meet with anyone until the hour. On this mountain also live physicians and pastry-makers. And they also use wine, and wine is sold. 7.5 All of these, however, work at linen with their hands, so that all are self-sufficient. And indeed around the ninth hour it is possible for one standing to hear how psalmodies come forth from each cell, so that one would expect to be aloft in paradise. They assemble in the church only on Saturday and Sunday. And there are eight presiding presbyters of this church, in which, as long as the first presbyter lives, no one else makes the offering, or preaches, or judges, but they only sit quietly by him. 7.6 This Arsisius and many other elders with him, whom we have seen, were contemporaries of the blessed Antony. Among the things they related was that they also knew Amoun of Nitria, whose soul Antony saw being taken up and guided by angels. This man said he also knew Pachomius of Tabennisi, a prophet, an archimandrite of three thousand men, about whom I will relate later. 8 .tConcerning Amoun of Nitria 8.1 He said that Amoun had lived in the following manner: that being an orphan, a young man of about twenty-two years, he was forcibly joined in marriage to a wife by his own uncle; and being unable to resist his uncle's constraint, he submitted to being crowned and to sitting in the bridal chamber, and to having endured all the rites of marriage. But after everyone had gone out and put them to bed in the bridal chamber and on the couch, Amoun got up, shut the door, and sitting down called to his blessed partner and said to her: 8.2 "Come, lady, now I will explain the matter to you: this marriage which we have celebrated is now at an end. It would be well, therefore, if from now on each of us should sleep separately, so that we may please God by keeping our virginity untouched." And taking a little book from his bosom, he read to the girl, who was unlearned in the scriptures, from the Apostle and from the Savior, and for the most part adding everything from his own thought, he introduced the teaching concerning virginity and purity; so that she, being fully convinced by the grace of God, said: 8.3 "I too am fully convinced,
Συντυχὼν οὖν καὶ συνδιατρίψας τοῖς περὶ Ἀλε ξάνδρειαν μοναστηρίοις ἔτη τρία, καλλίστοις καὶ σπου δαιοτάτοις ἀνδράσιν ὡς δισχιλίοις, ἀναχωρήσας ἐκεῖθεν ἦλθον εἰς τὸ ὄρος τῆς Νιτρίας. Μεταξὺ δὲ τοῦ ὄρους τούτου καὶ τῆς Ἀλεξανδρείας λίμνη κεῖται ἡ καλουμένη Μαρία, σημείων ἑβδομήκοντα· ἣν διαπλεύσας διὰ μιᾶς καὶ ἡμισείας ἡμέρας ἦλθον εἰς τὸ ὄρος ἐπὶ τὸ μέρος τῆς μεσημβρίας· 7.2 ᾧ ὄρει παράκειται ἡ πανέρημος παρατείνουσα ἕως Αἰθιοπίας καὶ τῶν Μαζίκων καὶ τῆς Μαυριτανίας. Ἐν ᾧ ὄρει οἰκοῦσιν ἄνδρες ὡς πεντακισχίλιοι διαφόρους ἔχοντες πολιτείας, ἕκαστος ὡς δύναται καὶ ὡς βούλεται· ὡς ἐξεῖναι καὶ μόνον μένειν, καὶ δεύτερον, καὶ πολλοστόν. Ἐν τούτῳ τῷ ὄρει ἀρτο κοπεῖά εἰσιν ἑπτὰ ὑπηρετούμενα κἀκείνοις καὶ τοῖς εἰς τὴν πανέρημον ἀναχωρηταῖς, ἀνδράσιν ἑξακοσίοις. 7.3 Παροι κήσας οὖν ἐν τούτῳ τῷ ὄρει ἐνιαυτὸν καὶ πολλὰ ὠφεληθεὶς ἀπὸ τῶν μακαρίων πατέρων Ἀρσισίου τοῦ μεγάλου καὶ Πουτουβαστοῦ καὶ Ἀσίωνος καὶ Κρονίου καὶ Σαραπίωνος, καὶ πολλοῖς διηγήμασι πατέρων παρ' αὐτῶν κεντρωθείς, εἰσῆλθον εἰς τὴν ἔρημον τὴν ἐνδοτάτω. Ἐν τῷ ὄρει τούτῳ τῆς Νιτρίας ἐκκλησία ἐστὶ μεγάλη, ἐν ᾗ ἵστανται φοίνικες τρεῖς, ἕκαστος ἔχων μάστιγα κρεμαμένην. Καὶ ὁ μέν ἐστιν εἰς λόγον μοναζόντων πταιόντων, ὁ δὲ λῃστῶν, ἐάν γε ἐμπέσωσιν, ὁ δὲ τῶν περιτυχόντων· ὡς πάντας πταίοντας καὶ διελεγχομένους ὡς ἀξίους πληγῶν περιλαμβάνειν τὸν φοίνικα, καὶ λαμβάνοντας ἐπὶ νώτου ῥητὰς οὕτως ἀπολύεσθαι. 7.4 Πρόσκειται δὲ τῇ ἐκκλησίᾳ ξενοδοχεῖον, εἰς ὃ τὸν ἀπελθόντα ξένον, μέχρις οὗ ἐξέλθῃ αὐθαιρέτως, δεξιοῦνται πάντα τὸν χρόνον, κἂν ἐπὶ διετίαν ἢ τριετίαν μείνῃ· συγχωρή σαντες δὲ αὐτῷ ἑβδομάδα μίαν ἐν ἀργίᾳ, τὰς λοιπὰς ἡμέρας περισπῶσιν ἐν ἔργοις, ἢ ἐν κήπῳ ἢ ἐν ἀρτοκοπείῳ ἢ ἐν μαγειρείῳ. Εἰ δὲ ἀξιόλογος εἴη, διδόασιν αὐτῷ βιβλίον, μὴ συγχωρήσαντες αὐτῷ ἕως τῆς ὥρας μηδενὶ συντυχεῖν. Ἐν τούτῳ τῷ ὄρει καὶ ἰατροὶ διάγουσι καὶ πλακουντάριοι. Κέχρηνται δὲ καὶ οἴνῳ, καὶ πιπράσκεται οἶνος. 7.5 Πάντες δὲ οὗτοι ὀθόνην ἐργάζονται ταῖς χερσίν, ὡς εἶναι πάντες ἀνενδεεῖς. Καὶ δὴ καὶ περὶ ὥραν ἐννάτην ἔστι στάντα ἀκοῦσαι πῶς ἀφ' ἑκάστης μονῆς ψαλμῳδίαι ἐξέρχονται, ὡς προσδοκῆσαι μετάρσιον εἶναι ἐν τῷ παραδείσῳ. Τὴν δὲ ἐκκλησίαν σαββάτῳ καταλαμβάνουσι μόνῳ καὶ κυριακῇ. Ὀκτὼ δὲ ἀφηγούμενοι πρεσβύτεροι ταύτης τῆς ἐκκλησίας εἰσίν, ἐν ᾗ μέχρις οὗ ζῇ ὁ πρῶτος πρεσβύτερος ἄλλος οὐδεὶς προσφέρει, οὐχ ὁμιλεῖ, οὐ δικάζει, ἀλλ' ἡσύχως αὐτῷ προσκαθέζονται μόνον. 7.6 Οὗτος ὁ Ἀρσίσιος καὶ ἄλλοι πολλοὶ σὺν αὐτῷ γέροντες, οὓς ἡμεῖς ἑωράκαμεν, σύγχρονοι ἦσαν τοῦ μακαρίου Ἀντω νίου. Ἐν οἷς διηγοῦντο καὶ τὸν Ἀμοῦν εἰδέναι τὸν Νιτριώτην, οὗ τὴν ψυχὴν εἶδεν ἀναλαμβανομένην ὁ Ἀντώνιος καὶ ὑπὸ ἀγγέλων ὁδηγουμένην. Οὗτος ἔλεγε καὶ Παχώμιον εἰδέναι τὸν Ταβεννησιώτην, ἄνδρα προφήτην, ἀρχιμανδρίτην ἀνδρῶν τρισχιλίων, περὶ οὗ ἐς ὕστερον διηγήσομαι. 8 .tΠερὶ Ἀμοῦν τοῦ Νιτριώτου 8.1 Ἔλεγε δὲ τὸν Ἀμοῦν βεβιωκέναι τοιούτῳ τρόπῳ· ὅτι ὀρφανὸς ὑπάρχων, νεανίσκος ὡς ἐτῶν εἴκοσι δύο βίᾳ παρὰ τοῦ ἰδίου θείου ἐζεύχθη γυναικί· καὶ μὴ δυνηθεὶς ἀντισχεῖν τῇ τοῦ θείου ἀνάγκῃ, ἔδοξε καὶ στεφανοῦσθαι καὶ καθέζεσθαι ἐν παστῷ, καὶ πάντα ὑπομεμενηκέναι τὰ κατὰ τὸν γάμον. Μετὰ δὲ τὸ ἐξελθεῖν πάντας κοιμήσαντες αὐτοὺς ἐν τῷ παστῷ καὶ τῇ κλίνῃ, ἀναστὰς ὁ Ἀμοῦν ἀπο κλείει τὴν θύραν, καὶ καθίσας προσκαλεῖται τὴν μακαρίαν αὐτοῦ σύμβιον καὶ λέγει αὐτῇ· 8.2 "∆εῦρο, κυρία, λοιπὸν διηγήσομαί σοι τὸ πρᾶγμα· ὁ γάμος ὃν ἐγαμήσαμεν οὗτός ἐστι περισσὸν ἔχων οὐδέν. Καλῶς οὖν ποιήσωμεν ἐὰν ἀπὸ τοῦ νῦν ἕκαστος ἡμῶν κατ' ἰδίαν καθευδήσῃ, ἵνα καὶ τῷ θεῷ ἀρέσωμεν φυλάξαντες ἄθικτον τὴν παρθενίαν". Καὶ ἐξενεγκὼν ἐκ τοῦ κόλπου αὐτοῦ βιβλιδάριον ἐκ προσώπου τοῦ ἀποστόλου καὶ τοῦ σωτῆρος ἀνεγίνωσκε τῇ κόρῃ ἀπείρῳ οὔσῃ γραφῶν, καὶ τῷ πλείστῳ μέρει πάντα προστιθεὶς τῇ ἰδίᾳ διανοίᾳ τὸν περὶ παρθενίας καὶ ἁγνείας εἰσηγεῖτο λόγον· ὡς ἐκείνην τῇ χάριτι τοῦ θεοῦ πληροφορηθεῖσαν εἰπεῖν· 8.3 "Κἀγὼ πεπληροφόρημαι,