Again, in the same way, there is a genuine poor man and another, a bastard and falsely named poor man. The one is poor in spirit, which is his own; the other is poor according to the world, which is 19.3 another's. To the one who is not poor according to the world and is rich in passions, the one who is not poor in spirit and is rich toward God says, "Stand away from the alien possessions existing in your soul, so that, having become pure in heart, you may see God, which is, in other words, to enter 19.4 into the kingdom of heaven. And how might you stand away from them? By selling. What then? Should you take money instead of possessions? Making an exchange of wealth for wealth, 19.5 having turned your visible substance into silver? By no means; but instead of the things previously existing in the soul, which you desire to save, by introducing in their place another wealth, one that makes divine and is a provider of eternal life—the dispositions according to the commandment of God, for which you will have a reward 19.6 and honor, perpetual salvation and eternal incorruptibility. Thus you sell well your possessions, the many and superfluous things that shut you out of heaven, exchanging them for things that are able to save. Let the poor in the flesh, and those who need these things, have them; but you, having received spiritual wealth in exchange, would then have treasure in heaven."

20.1 Not understanding these things in this way, the man of great wealth and of the law

nor how the same man can be both poor and rich, and have money and not have it, and use the world and not use it, went away sad and downcast, leaving the way of life which he could only desire but not attain, having made 20.2 what was difficult impossible for himself. For it was difficult for the soul not to be captivated or dazzled by the delicate and blooming charms belonging to conspicuous wealth, but not impossible even in this to attain salvation, if one were to transfer himself from perceptible wealth to that which is intelligible and taught by God, and were to learn to use indifferent things well and properly and as one who would press on to eternal life. 20.3 And the disciples at first were themselves also very fearful and astonished when they heard; for what reason? Was it that they themselves also possessed much money? But they had long ago left even these very things, their small nets and hooks and their little service boats, which were all they had. 20.4 Why then, being afraid, do they say, "Who can be saved?" They heard well and as disciples what was spoken parabolically and obscurely 20.5 by the Lord and they perceived the depth of his words. On account of their propertylessness, then, they were hopeful for salvation; but since they were conscious that they had not yet completely put away their passions (for they were recent disciples and newly enlisted by the Savior), they were "exceedingly astonished" and despaired of themselves no less than that very wealthy man who was terribly attached to his possessions, which he indeed preferred to 20.6 eternal life. It was therefore certainly a matter of fear for the disciples, if both the one possessing money and the one pregnant with the passions in which they themselves were rich, would be similarly driven away from heaven; for salvation belongs to impassive and pure souls.

21.1 But the Lord answers that "what is impossible with men is possible

with God". This again is also full of great wisdom. That a man on his own, practicing and laboring for freedom from passion, accomplishes nothing, but if he becomes clearly most desirous of this and earnest about it, 21.2 he succeeds by the addition of power from God. For God breathes together with souls that are willing, but if they should abandon their eagerness, the spirit given from God is also withdrawn. For to save the unwilling 21.3 is the act of one who compels, but to save the willing is that of one who bestows grace. Nor does the kingdom of God belong to those who are sleeping and indolent, but "the violent take it by force." For this alone is a noble violence, to do violence to God and to snatch life from God, and he who knows those

πάλιν αὖ κατὰ τὸν αὐτὸν τρόπον καὶ γνήσιος πτωχὸς καὶ νόθος ἄλλος πτωχὸς καὶ ψευδώνυμος. ὃ μὲν κατὰ πνεῦμα πτωχός, τὸ ἴδιον, ὃ δὲ κατὰ κόσμον, τὸ 19.3 ἀλλότριον. τῷ δὴ κατὰ κόσμον οὐ πτωχῷ καὶ πλουσίῳ κατὰ τὰ πάθη ὁ κατὰ πνεῦμα οὐ πτωχὸς καὶ κατὰ θεὸν πλούσιος "ἀπόστηθι" φησί "τῶν ὑπαρχόντων ἐν τῇ ψυχῇ σου κτημάτων ἀλλοτρίων, ἵνα καθαρὸς τῇ καρδίᾳ γενόμενος ἴδῃς τὸν θεόν, ὅπερ καὶ δι' ἑτέρας φωνῆς ἐστιν εἰσελ 19.4 θεῖν εἰς τὴν βασιλείαν τῶν οὐρανῶν. καὶ πῶς αὐτῶν ἀποστῇς; πωλήσας. τί οὖν; χρήματα ἀντὶ κτημάτων λάβῃς; ἀντίδοσιν πλούτου πρὸς πλοῦ 19.5 τον ποιησάμενος, ἐξαργυρίσας τὴν φανερὰν οὐσίαν; οὐδαμῶς· ἀλλὰ ἀντὶ τῶν πρότερον ἐνυπαρχόντων τῇ ψυχῇ, ἣν σῶσαι ποθεῖς, ἀντεισ αγόμενος ἕτερον πλοῦτον θεοποιὸν καὶ ζωῆς χορηγὸν αἰωνίου, τὰς κατὰ τὴν ἐντολὴν τοῦ θεοῦ διαθέσεις, ἀνθ' ὧν σοι περιέσται μισθὸς 19.6 καὶ τιμή, διηνεκὴς σωτηρία καὶ αἰώνιος ἀφθαρσία. οὕτως καλῶς πωλεῖς τὰ ὑπάρχοντα, τὰ πολλὰ καὶ περισσὰ καὶ ἀποκλείοντά σοι τοὺς οὐρανούς, ἀντικαταλλασσόμενος αὐτῶν τὰ σῶσαι δυνάμενα. ἐκεῖνα ἐχέτωσαν οἱ σάρκινοι πτωχοὶ καὶ τούτων δεόμενοι, σὺ δὲ τὸν πνευματικὸν πλοῦτον ἀντιλαβὼν ἔχοις ἂν ἤδη θησαυρὸν ἐν οὐρανοῖς."

20.1 Ταῦτα μὴ συνιεὶς κατὰ τρόπον ὁ πολυχρήματος καὶ ἔννομος ἄν θρωπος

μηδὲ ὅπως ὁ αὐτὸς καὶ πτωχὸς δύναται εἶναι καὶ πλούσιος καὶ ἔχειν τε χρήματα καὶ μὴ ἔχειν καὶ χρῆσθαι τῷ κόσμῳ καὶ μὴ χρῆσθαι, ἀπῆλθε στυγνὸς καὶ κατηφής, λιπὼν τὴν τάξιν τῆς ζωῆς, ἧς ἐπιθυμεῖν μόνον, ἀλλ' οὐχὶ καὶ τυχεῖν ἠδύνατο, τὸ δύσκολον 20.2 ποιήσας ἀδύνατον αὐτὸς ἑαυτῷ. δύσκολον γὰρ ἦν μὴ περιάγεσθαι μηδὲ καταστράπτεσθαι τὴν ψυχὴν ὑπὸ τῶν προσόντων ἁβρῶν τῷ προδήλῳ πλούτῳ καὶ ἀνθηρῶν γοητευμάτων, οὐκ ἀδύνατον δὲ τὸ καὶ ἐν τούτῳ λαβέσθαι σωτηρίας, εἴ τις ἑαυτὸν ἀπὸ τοῦ αἰσθητοῦ πλούτου ἐπὶ τὸν νοητὸν καὶ θεοδίδακτον μεταγάγοι καὶ μάθοι τοῖς ἀδιαφόροις χρῆσθαι καλῶς καὶ ἰδίως καὶ ὡς ἂν εἰς ζωὴν αἰώνιον 20.3 ὁρμήσαι. καὶ οἱ μαθηταὶ δὲ τὸ πρῶτον μὲν καὶ αὐτοὶ περιδεεῖς καὶ καταπλῆγες γεγόνασιν ἀκούσαντες· τί δήποτε; ἆρά γε ὅτι χρήματα καὶ αὐτοὶ ἐκέκτηντο πολλά; ἀλλὰ καὶ αὐτὰ ταῦτα τὰ δικτύφια καὶ ἄγκιστρα καὶ τὰ ὑπηρετικὰ σκαφίδια ἀφῆκαν πάλαι, ἅπερ ἦν αὐτοῖς 20.4 μόνα. τί οὖν φοβηθέντες λέγουσι· "τίς δύναται σωθῆναι;" καλῶς ἤκουσαν καὶ ὡς μαθηταὶ τοῦ παραβολικῶς καὶ ἀσαφῶς λεχθέντος 20.5 ὑπὸ τοῦ κυρίου καὶ ᾔσθοντο τοῦ βάθους τῶν λόγων. ἕνεκα μὲν οὖν χρημάτων ἀκτημοσύνης εὐέλπιδες ἦσαν πρὸς σωτηρίαν· ἐπειδὴ δὲ συνῄδεσαν ἑαυτοῖς μήπω τὰ πάθη τέλεον ἀποτεθειμένοις (ἀρτιμαθεῖς γὰρ ἦσαν καὶ νεωστὶ πρὸς τοῦ σωτῆρος ἠνδρολογημένοι), "περισσῶς ἐξεπλήσσοντο" καὶ ἀπεγίνωσκον ἑαυτοὺς οὐδέν τι ἧττον ἐκείνου τοῦ πολυχρημάτου καὶ δεινῶς τῆς κτήσεως περιεχομένου, ἥν γε προέκρινεν 20.6 ζωῆς αἰωνίου. ἄξιον οὖν ἦν τοῖς μαθηταῖς φόβου πάντως, εἰ καὶ ὁ χρήματα κεκτημένος καὶ ὁ τῶν παθῶν ἔγκυος, ὧν ἐπλούτουν καὶ αὐτοί, παραπλησίως ἀπελασθήσονται οὐρανῶν· ἀπαθῶν γὰρ καὶ καθαρῶν ψυχῶν ἐστιν ἡ σωτηρία.

21.1 Ὁ δὲ κύριος ἀποκρίνεται διότι "τὸ ἐν ἀνθρώποις ἀδύνατον δυνατὸν

θεῷ". πάλιν καὶ τοῦτο μεγάλης σοφίας μεστόν ἐστιν. ὅτι καθ' αὑτὸν μὲν ἀσκῶν καὶ διαπονούμενος ἀπάθειαν ὁ ἄνθρωπος οὐδὲν ἀνύει, ἐὰν δὲ γένηται δῆλος ὑπερεπιθυμῶν τούτου καὶ διεσπουδακώς, 21.2 τῇ προσθήκῃ τῆς παρὰ θεοῦ δυνάμεως περιγίνεται· βουλομέναις μὲν γὰρ ταῖς ψυχαῖς ὁ θεὸς συνεπιπνεῖ, εἰ δὲ ἀποσταῖεν τῆς προθυμίας. καὶ τὸ δοθὲν ἐκ θεοῦ πνεῦμα συνεστάλη· τὸ μὲν γὰρ ἄκοντας σῴζειν 21.3 ἐστὶ βιαζομένου, τὸ δὲ αἱρουμένους χαριζομένου. οὐδὲ τῶν καθευ δόντων καὶ βλακευόντων ἐστὶν ἡ βασιλεία τοῦ θεοῦ, ἀλλ' οἱ "βιασταὶ ἁρπάζουσιν αὐτήν"· αὕτη γὰρ μόνη βία καλή, θεὸν βιάσασθαι καὶ παρὰ θεοῦ ζωὴν ἁρπάσαι, ὁ δὲ γνοὺς τοὺς