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he says, writing: "the apostle clearly proclaimed the Spirit to be from God, saying that 'we have received the Spirit who is from God'; and he has made it clear that He is manifested through the Son (p. 96), calling Him the Spirit of the Son just as of God, and addressing Him as the mind of Christ, just as the Spirit of God, like that of man."

Just as, therefore, each of men has his own mind, and the own mind of each of these is indeed his, but not from him, but from whom he himself also is—thus the own mind of each is not from him, unless perhaps according to energy—so also the divine Spirit, naturally subsisting in Christ as God, is both His Spirit and His mind. And according to energy He is His and from Him, as being breathed forth and sent and manifested, but according to existence and hypostasis, He is His, but not from Him, but from the one who begot Him.

So that, then, we might dislodge for you from every side the arguments against the truth, the Son and Word of God, being by nature from God, is by nature begotten, but does not become so by grace from the Father. Since He who begets is fontal divinity and the source of divinity, He who is begotten is sourced. And since the Father alone is the source of divinity and fontal divinity, as Dionysius the Areopagite and Athanasius the Great pronounce in harmony, the Son by nature, therefore, exists from the Father alone; but he who is a son by adoption is not from the Father alone but through the Son from the Father, although he is not only a Son, but also Spirit by grace: "for he who is joined to the Lord is one Spirit," says the apostle. But the Holy Spirit is not by grace, but by nature from God, as also the Son and Word of God is from God. The Spirit who is by nature from God, by nature proceeds from God; and He who proceeds by nature is sourced from God; and He who is sourced from God is sourced from the fontal divinity, who is the Father alone. The Holy Spirit, therefore, God by nature, is sourced by way of procession from God the Father alone.

(p. 98) But if someone does not confess that this is so, he will be refuted as also thinking wrongly about the Son. For the most theological Gregory, bearing witness with this proof of the truth, says, "what is the Spirit not called, of the things the Son is, except begetting?" And, "all things that are the Son's are also the Spirit's, except for sonship." And the divine Damascene says, "because of the Father, that is, because the Father is, the Son and the Spirit have all that they have, that is, because the Father has them, except for unbegottenness and begetting and procession."

Therefore, neither of these has the ability to beget or cause procession; and as the Spirit in no way has begetting, so the Son in no way has procession. Thus, the definition of the Son is the same as that of the Spirit, except for [originating] in a begotten manner and in a processional manner, by which alone they differ from one another.

And this, therefore, must be observed in all things by one wishing not to blaspheme but to theologize. For just as there is one and only one who is begotten, the Son, for which reason He is also only-begotten, so there is one and only one who proceeds, the Holy Spirit; and as the Son is begotten from the Father alone, so also the Holy Spirit proceeds from the Father alone; and as the Son is begotten immediately from the Father, so also the Holy Spirit proceeds from the Father immediately.

Do you see that what is added by us is a manifestation of the truth, uttered together on account of your rejection of the truth? For whether present or absent, it allows one to understand the same thing. But what is yours could not properly be called an addition, but a clear contradiction and subversion of pious thought; for it turns the mind of the hearers to the contrary and instead of one gives two to be believed in upon the one

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φησιν γράφων˙ «τό ἐκ Θεοῦ τό Πνεῦμα εἶναι τρανῶς ἀνεκήρυξεν ὁ ἀπόστολος λέγων, ὅτι "τό Πνεῦμα ἐκ τοῦ Θεοῦ ἐλάβομεν"˙ καί τό δι᾿ Υἱοῦ (σελ. 96) πεφηνέναι σαφές πεποίηκεν, Υἱοῦ Πνεῦμα ὀνομάσας αὐτό καθάπερ Θεοῦ, καί νοῦν Χριστοῦ προσειπών, καθάπερ Θεοῦ Πνεῦμα, ὡς τό τοῦ ἀνθρώπου».

Καθάπερ οὖν τῶ νἀνθρώπων ἕκαστος τόν οἰκεῖον ἔχει νοῦν καί αὐτοῦ μέν ἐστιν ἑκάστου τούτων ὁ οἰκεῖος νοῦς, ἀλλ᾿ οὐκ ἐξ αὐτοῦ, ἀλλ᾿ ἐξ οὗπερ καί αὐτός, οὐκ ἐξ αὐτοῦ τοίνυν ἑκάστου ὁ οἰκεῖος νοῦς, εἰ μή ἄρα κατ᾿ ἐνέργειαν, οὕτω καί τό θεῖον Πνεῦμα φυσικῶς ἐνυπάρχον ὡς Θεῷ τῷ Χριστῷ, καί Πνεῦμα καί νοῦς ἐστιν αὐτοῦ. Καί κατά μέν τήν ἐνέργειαν αὐτοῦ ἐστι καί ἐξ αὐτοῦ, ὡς ἐμφυσώμενον καί πεμπόμενον καί φανερούμενον, κατά δέ τήν ὕπαρξιν καί τήν ὑπόστασιν αὐτοῦ μέν ἔστιν, οὐκ ἐξ αὐτοῦ δέ, ἀλλ᾿ ἐκ τοῦ γεννήσαντος αὐτόν.

Ἵν᾿ οὖν σοι πανταχόθεν τάς κατά τῆς ἀληθείας ἐκκρούσωμεν λαβάς, ὁ Υἱός καί Λόγος τοῦ Θεοῦ, φύσει ὤν ἐκ τοῦ Θεοῦ, φύσει γεννᾶται, ἀλλ᾿ οὐ χάριτι γίνεται ἐκ τοῦ Πατρός. Ἐπεί δέ ὁ γεννῶν πηγαία θεότης καί πηγή θεότητος, πηγάζεται ὁ γεννώμενος. Ἐπεί δέ μόνος πηγή θεότητος καί πηγαία θεότης ὁ Πατήρ, ὡς ∆ιονύσιος ὁ Ἀρεοπαγίτης καί Ἀθανάσιος ὁ μέγας συνῳδά φθέγγονται, ἐκ μόνου ἄρα ὁ φύσει Υἱός ὑπάρχει τοῦ Πατρός˙ ὁ δέ θέσει οὐκ ἐκ μόνου ἀλλά δι᾿ Υἱοῦ ἐκ τοῦ Πατρός, καίτοι οὐχ Υἱός μόνον, ἀλλά καί Πνεῦμα χάριτί ἐστιν˙ «ὁ γάρ κολλώμενος τῷ Κυρίῳ ἕν Πνεῦμα ἐστι», φησίν ὁ ἀπόστολος. Τό δέ Πνεῦμα τό ἅγιον οὐ χάριτι, ἀλλά φύσει ἐστίν ἐκ τοῦ Θεοῦ, ὡς καί ὁ Υἱός καί Λόγος τοῦ Θεοῦ ἐκ τοῦ Θεοῦ. Τό δέ φύσει ὄν Πνεῦμα ἐκ Θεοῦ φύσει ἐκπορεύεται ἐκ τοῦ Θεοῦ˙ τό δέ φύσει ἐκπορευόμενον πηγάζεται ἐκ τοῦ Θεοῦ˙ τό δέ πηγαζόμενον ἐκ τοῦ Θεοῦ ἐκ τῆς πηγαίας θεότητος πηγάζεται, ἥτις ἐστί μόνος ὁ Πατήρ. Τό Πνεῦμα ἄρα τό ἅγιον φύσει Θεός, ἐκ Θεοῦ Πατρός μόνου ἐκπορευτῶς πηγαζόμενον.

(σελ. 98) Εἰ δέ τις τοῦτ᾿ οὕτως ἔχειν οὐχ ὁμολογεῖ, καί περί τοῦ Υἱοῦ κακῶς δοξάζων ἐξελεγχθήσεται. Τῇ γάρ τῆς ἀληθείας ἀποδείξει ταύτῃ συμμαρτυρῶν καί ὁ θεολογικώτατος Γρηγόριος, «τί», φησίν, «οὐ προσαγορεύεται τό Πνεῦμα ὧν ὁ Υἱός, πλήν γεννήσεως»; Καί «πάντα ὅσα τοῦ Υἱοῦ, καί τοῦ Πνεύματος, πλήν τῆς υἱότητος». ∆αμασκηνός δ᾿ ὁ θεῖος, «διά τόν Πατέρα», φησί, «τουτέστι διά τό εἶναι τόν Πατέρα, ἔχει ὁ Υἱός καί τό Πνεῦμα πάντα ἅ ἔχει, τουτέστι διά τό τόν Πατέρα ἔχειν αὐτά, πλήν τῆς ἀγεννησίας καί τῆς γεννήσεως καί τῆς ἐκπορεύσεως».

Ἑκάτερον ἄρα τούτων οὐκ ἔχει τό γεννᾶν καί ἐκπορεύειν˙ καί ὡς τό Πνεῦμα κατ᾿ οὐδένα τρόπον ἔχει τήν γέννησιν, οὕτω ὁ Υἱός κατ᾿ οὐδένα τρόπον ἔχει τήν ἐκπόρευσιν. Τοιγαροῦν ὁ αὐτός Υἱοῦ καθάπερ ὅρος καί τοῦ Πνεύματος, πλήν τοῦ γεννητῶς τε καί ἐκπορευτῶς, καθ᾿ ἅ καί μόνα διενηνόχασιν ἀλλήλων.

Καί τοῦτ᾿ ἄρα τηρητέον ἐφ᾿ ἅπασι τόν μή βλασφημεῖν ἀλλά θεολογεῖν ἐθέλοντα. Ὡς γάρ εἷς καί μόνος γεννητός ὑπάρχει, ὁ Υἱός, διόπερ καί μονογενής, οὕτως ἕν καί μόνον ἐκπορευτόν ὑπάρχει, Πνεῦμα ἅγιον˙ καί ὡς ὁ Υἱός γεννητός ἐκ μόνου τοῦ Πατρός, οὕτω καί τό Πνεῦμα τό ἅγιον ἐκπορευτόν ἐκ μόνου τοῦ Πατρός˙ καί ὡς ὁ Υἱός ἀμέσως ἐκ Πατρός γεννητός, οὕτω καί τό Πνεῦμα τό ἅγιον ἐκπορευτόν ἐκ τοῦ Πατρός ἀμέσως.

Ὁρᾷς ὅτι τό μέν παρ᾿ ἡμῶν προσκείμενον ἔκφανσίς ἐστι τῆς ἀληθείας συνεκφωνουμένη διά τήν σήν πρός τήν ἀλήθειαν ἀθέτησιν; Καί γάρ παρόν τε καί ἀπόν τό αὐτό δίδωσι νοεῖν. Τό δέ σόν οὐ προσθήκη λέγοιτ᾿ ἄν κυρίως, ἀλλά σαφής ἐναντιότης καί ἀνατροπή τοῦ εὐσεβοῦς φρονήματος˙ περιτρέπει γάρ τήν τῶν ἀκουόντων διάνοιαν εἰς τοὐναντίον καί ἀντί μιᾶς δύο δίδωσι δοξάζειν ἐπί τῆς μιᾶς