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But their final plague and exile, and the yoke of slavery now laid upon them, and their notorious humiliation under the Romans, of which nothing is so much the cause as dissension, who of those who know how to write laments will lament worthily, and make his words equal to the suffering? What books will contain these things? One monument of this misfortune for them is the whole inhabited world, throughout which they have been scattered, and their worship has ceased, and the very ground of Jerusalem is barely recognizable, of which only so much is accessible to them, and so much they enjoy of their former glory, as to appear for a day to lament its desolation.

19. While it is so terrible to be in dissension, and the cause of so many evils, as what has been said shows, and as can be learned through many examples, it is still far more terrible for those who have put an end to faintheartedness, and have tasted the good things of peace, to fall back again into the same sickness, and to return to their own vomit, as the saying goes, not even having been disciplined by experience, which teaches the foolish. For I do not consider those 35.748 to be fickle and foolish who persist in some evil, but those who are easily carried and flow to either side, like shifting breezes, or the changes and ebb and flow of the Euripus, or the unstable waves of the sea. And I also consider this, that for those who remain in dissension, the hope of concord at least makes them lighter, and for the most part relieves their misfortune; for the greatest relief to the unfortunate is the hope of change, and having something better set before their eyes; but those who have often been in concord, but have always relapsed into wickedness, have been deprived, along with other things, of the hope for something better; always fearing concord no less than dissension, and trusting in neither, because of their instability and inconstancy in both.

20. And let no one think I am saying that every peace is to be loved; for I know that just as there is a most excellent dissension, so also is there a most harmful concord; but I mean the good one, which is for a good purpose and unites us to God. But if I must speak concisely about them, this is what I think: it is not good to be more sluggish than is moderate, nor more ardent, so as either through easiness to agree with everyone, or through contentiousness to stand apart from everyone; for sluggishness is equally ineffectual, and instability is unsociable. But where the signs of impiety are manifest, one must engage with fire, and sword, and seasons, and rulers, and all things first, rather than partake of the wicked leaven and give assent to those who are in error, and nothing of all things is to be so feared as to fear something else before God, and because of this to betray the doctrines of the faith and of the truth, as servants of the truth; but where the offense is suspicion and unexamined fear, long-suffering is better than haste, and condescension than stubbornness, and it is much better and more profitable, while remaining in the common body, to restore one another as members of one another, and to be restored, than, by condemning beforehand through separation, and destroying credibility by the division, then to legislate correction by command, as tyrants, and not as brothers.

21. Knowing these things, brothers, let us embrace one another, let us enfold one another, let us become genuinely one, let us imitate him who broke down the middle wall of partition, and through his blood gathered all things together, and made 35.749 peace; let us say to this our common Father, to this venerable gray-haired man, to this gentle and mild shepherd: Do you see the rewards of your forbearance? Lift up your eyes round about, and see your children gathered together, in the way you longed for, and the one thing you asked to be added to you night and day, so that in a good old age you might end your sojourning; behold, all have come to you, and rest under your wings, and they circle their own altar, having departed with tears, and running back with gladness. Rejoice and be delighted,

8

δὲ τελευταίαν αὐτῶν πληγήν τε καὶ μετανάστασιν, καὶ τὸν νῦν ἐπικείμενον αὐτοῖς τῆς δουλείας ζυγὸν, καὶ τὴν περιβόητον ὑπὸ Ῥωμαίοις ταπείνωσιν, ἧς οὐδὲν οὕτως ὡς ἡ στάσις αἴτιον, τίς θρηνήσει πρὸς ἀξίαν τῶν θρήνους γράφειν εἰδότων, καὶ λόγον ἐξισοῦν πάθει; Ποῖαι βίβλοι ταῦτα χωρήσουσι; Μία στήλη τούτοις τῆς συμφορᾶς ἡ οἰκουμένη πᾶσα καθ' ἧς ἐσπάρησαν, καὶ ἡ λατρεία πεπαυμένη, καὶ αὐτῆς τῆς Ἱερουσαλὴμ τὸ ἔδαφος μόγις γινωσκόμενον, ἧς τοσοῦτον ἐπιβατὸν αὐτοῖς ἐστι μόνον, καὶ τοσοῦτον ἀπολαύουσι τῆς ποτε αὐτῶν δόξης, ὅσον ἐν ἡμέρᾳ φανέντες θρηνῆσαι τὴν ἐρημίαν.

ΙΘʹ. ∆εινοῦ δὲ ὄντος οὕτως τοῦ στασιάζειν, καὶ τοσούτων αἰτίου κακῶν, ὡς τά τε εἰρημένα δείκνυσι, καὶ διὰ πλειόνων ὑποδειγμάτων ἐστὶ μαθεῖν, ἔτι πολλῷ δεινότερον τὸ, καταλύσαντας μικροψυχίαν, καὶ τῶν τῆς εἰρήνης γευσαμένους καλῶν, πρὸς τὴν αὐτὴν νόσον πάλιν ὑπενεχθῆναι, καὶ πρὸς τὸν ἴδιον ἔμετον ἐπιστρέψαι, τὸ δὴ λεγόμενον, μηδ' ὃ τοὺς ἀνοήτους παιδεύει τῇ πείρᾳ σωφρονισθέντας. Καὶ γὰρ ὁρῶ κούφους καὶ ἀνοήτους οὐ τούτους ὑπολαμβανο 35.748 μένους, οἳ ἂν κακῷ τινι παραμένωσιν, ἀλλὰ τοὺς ῥᾳδίως ἐπ' ἀμφότερα φερομένους καὶ μεταῤῥέοντας, καθάπερ αὔρας μεταπιπτούσας, ἢ μεταβολὰς καὶ παλιῤῥοίας Εὐρίπων, ἢ θαλάσσης ἄστατα κύματα. Σκοπῶ δὲ κἀκεῖνο, ὅτι τοὺς μὲν ἐπὶ τῆς στάσεως μένοντας ἡ γοῦν ἐλπὶς τῆς ὁμονοίας ῥᾴους ποιεῖ, καὶ τὸ πλεῖστον αὐτοῖς ἐπικουφίζει τῆς συμφορᾶς· μεγίστη γὰρ ἐπικουρία τοῖς ἀτυχοῦσι μεταβολῆς ἐλπὶς, καὶ τὸ κρεῖττον ἐν ὀφθαλμοῖς κείμενον· οἱ δὲ πολλάκις μὲν ὁμονοήσαντες, ἀεὶ δὲ πρὸς τὴν κακίαν παλινδρομήσαντες, ἀφῄρηνται μετὰ τῶν ἄλλων καὶ τοῦ κρείττονος τὴν ἐλπίδα· οὐχ ἧττον τῆς στάσεως δεδοικότες ἀεὶ τὴν ὁμόνοιαν, καὶ μηδ' ἑτέρῳ θαῤῥοῦντες, διὰ τὸ ἐν ἀμφοτέροις εὐκίνητον καὶ ἀστάθμητον.

Κʹ. Καὶ μηδεὶς οἰέσθω με λέγειν, ὅτι πᾶσαν εἰρήνην ἀγαπητέον· οἶδα γὰρ ὥσπερ στάσιν τινὰ βελτίστην, οὕτω καὶ βλαβερωτάτην ὁμόνοιαν· ἀλλὰ τήν γε καλὴν καὶ ἐπὶ καλῷ καὶ Θεῷ συνάπτουσαν. Εἰ δὲ δεῖ συντόμως διελέσθαι περὶ αὐτῶν, οὕτω γινώσκω, οὔτε νωθέστερον εἶναι τοῦ μετρίου καλὸν, οὔτε θερμότερον, ὡς ἢ δι' εὐκολίαν πᾶσι συμφέρεσθαι, ἢ δι' ἀταξίαν πάντων ἀποστατεῖν· ὁμοίως γὰρ καὶ τὸ νωθὲς ἄπρακτον, καὶ τὸ εὐκίνητον ἀκοινώνητον. Ἀλλ' οὗ μὲν ἂν ᾖ πρόδηλα τὰ τῆς ἀσεβείας, καὶ πυρὶ, καὶ σιδήρῳ, καὶ καιροῖς, καὶ δυνάσταις, καὶ πᾶσι πρότερον ὁμόσε χωρητέον, ἢ τῆς ζύμης μεθεκτέον τῆς πονηρᾶς, καὶ συγκαταθετέον τοῖς κακῶς ἔχουσι, καὶ οὐδὲν οὕτω τῶν ἁπάντων φοβητέον, ὡς ἄλλο τι πρὸ Θεοῦ φοβηθῆναι, καὶ διὰ τοῦτο προδοῦναι περὶ τῆς πίστεως λόγους καὶ τῆς ἀληθείας, ἀληθείᾳ δουλεύοντας· οὗ δὲ τὸ λυποῦν ὑπόνοια καὶ φόβος ἀνεξέταστος, βελτίων τοῦ τάχους ἡ μακροθυμία, καὶ τῆς αὐθαδείας ἡ συγκατάβασις, καὶ πολλῷ κρεῖττον καὶ λυσιτελέστερον, ἐν τῷ κοινῷ σώματι μένοντας, καταρτίζειν ἀλλήλους ὡς ἀλλήλων μέλη, καὶ καταρτίζεσθαι, ἢ προκαταγνόντας διὰ τῆς ἀποστάσεως, καὶ τὸ ἀξιόπιστον τῷ χωρισμῷ λύσαντας, ἔπειτα ἐξ ἐπιτάγματος, ὥσπερ τυράννους, ἀλλ' οὐκ ἀδελφοὺς, νομοθετεῖν τὴν διόρθωσιν.

ΚΑʹ. Ταῦτα εἰδότες, ἀδελφοὶ, περιλάβωμεν ἀλλήλους, περιπτυξώμεθα, γενώμεθα γνησίως ἓν, μιμησώμεθα τὸν τὸ μεσότοιχον τοῦ φραγμοῦ λύσαντα, καὶ διὰ τοῦ αἵματος αὐτοῦ πάντα συναγαγόντα, καὶ εἰ 35.749 ρηνεύσαντα· εἴπωμεν τῷ κοινῷ Πατρὶ τούτῳ, τῇ σεμνῇ πολιᾷ, τῷ πράῳ καὶ ἠπίῳ ποιμένι· Ὁρᾷς τὰ ἐπίχειρα τῆς ἐπιεικείας; Ἆρον κύκλῳ τοὺς ὀφθαλμούς σου, καὶ ἴδε ἐπισυνηγμένα τὰ τέκνα σου, ὃν τρόπον ἐπόθεις, καὶ ὃ προστεθῆναί σοι μόνον ᾐτοῦ νυκτὸς καὶ ἡμέρας, ἵν' ἐν γήρᾳ καλῷ καταλύσῃς τὴν παροικίαν· ἰδοὺ πάντες ἥκασι πρὸς σὲ, καὶ ὑπὸ τὰς σὰς ἀναπαύονται πτέρυγας, καὶ τὸ ἑαυτῶν κυκλοῦσι θυσιαστήριον, μετὰ δακρύων ἀποφοιτήσαντες, καὶ μετ' εὐφροσύνης προστρέχοντες. Χαῖρε καὶ κατατέρπου,