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20 But for Paul, if what the third heaven provided were expressible, and his progress or ascent or being caught up to that point, perhaps we might have known something more about God, if this was the mystery of his being caught up. But since they were ineffable, let them be honored by us with silence. But let us hear this much from Paul himself saying, that we know in part, and we prophesy in part. These and such things are confessed by the one who is no novice in knowledge, the one who threatens a test of Christ speaking in him, the great champion and teacher of the truth. For this reason, he considers all knowledge here below as nothing beyond mirrors and riddles, as it consists in small images of the truth. But if I do not seem to some too superfluous and curious in examining such things, perhaps they were nothing other than these things, which cannot be borne now, which the Word himself hinted at, as things that would someday be borne and made clear; and which John, the forerunner of the Word, the great voice of truth, declared that not even the world below could contain.

21 All truth, then, and every discourse is hard to trace and hard to contemplate; and it is as if we fashion great things with a small instrument, hunting for the knowledge of things that are with human wisdom, and approaching intelligible realities with the senses, or not without the senses, by which we are carried about and led astray, and we are not able, by encountering naked realities with a naked mind, to draw any closer to the truth, and to have the mind imprinted with comprehensions. But the discourse about God, the more perfect it is, the more unattainable it is, and has more objections and more difficult solutions. For every objection, even the slightest, has checked and hindered the course of the discourse, and has interrupted its forward momentum; just as those who suddenly pull back charging horses with the reins, and overturn them with the unexpectedness of the jolt. Thus Solomon, who was wise exceedingly beyond all who were before him and in his own time, for whom the breadth of his heart was a gift from God, and the outpouring of his contemplation more abundant than the sand, the more he delves into the depths, the more dizzy he becomes, and he makes it an end of wisdom to discover how much has escaped him. And Paul tries to attain, I do not yet say the nature of God, for he knew this to be altogether impossible, but only the judgments of God; but since he finds no way out nor any stopping point for his ascent, nor does the inquiry of his thought end in any clear conclusion, since something lacking always appears beneath; O the wonder (that I too might experience the same)! He concludes the discourse in amazement, and calls such a thing the riches and depth of God, and confesses the incomprehensibility of God’s judgments, almost uttering the same things as David, who at one time calls the judgments of God a great abyss, whose foundation it is not possible to grasp either by measure or by sense, and at another time says that knowledge has been made wonderful from himself and from his own constitution, and has been made stronger than his own power and grasp.

22 For if I let other things go, he says, and look to myself, and to all human nature and constitution, what is our mixture? what is our motion? How was the immortal blended with the mortal? How do I flow downward, and am borne upward? How is the soul circumscribed? How does it give life, and partake of passion? How is the mind both circumscribed and boundless, remaining within us, and traversing all things with the speed of its course and flow? How is it partaken of by reason and imparted, and passes through the air, and enters in with things? How does it commune with sense, and is withdrawn from the senses? And even before these things, what is our first formation and constitution in the workshop of nature? And what is the final shaping and completion? What is the desire for and distribution of food? And what has led us spontaneously to the first springs and sources of life? How is the body nourished by foods, but the soul by reason? What is the attraction of nature and towards

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20 Παύλῳ δὲ εἰ μὲν ἔκφορα ἦν ἃ παρέσχεν ὁ τρίτος οὐρανός, καὶ ἡ μέχρις ἐκείνου πρόοδος ἢ ἀνάβασις ἢ ἀνάληψις, τάχα ἄν τι περὶ θεοῦ πλέον ἔγνωμεν, εἴπερ τοῦτο ἦν τὸ τῆς ἁρπαγῆς μυστήριον. ἐπεὶ δὲ ἄρρητα ἦν, καὶ ἡμῖν σιωπῇ τιμάσθω. τοσοῦτον δὲ ἀκούσω μεν αὐτοῦ Παύλου λέγοντος, ὅτι ἐκ μέρους γινώσκομεν, καὶ ἐκ μέρους προφητεύομεν. ταῦτα καὶ τὰ τοιαῦτα ὁμολογεῖ ὁ μὴ ἰδιώτης τὴν γνῶσιν, ὁ δοκιμὴν ἀπειλῶν τοῦ ἐν αὐτῷ λαλοῦντος Χριστοῦ, ὁ μέγας τῆς ἀληθείας προαγωνιστὴς καὶ διδάσκαλος. διὸ καὶ πᾶσαν τὴν κάτω γνῶσιν οὐδὲν ὑπὲρ τὰ ἔσοπτρα καὶ τὰ αἰνίγματα τίθεται, ὡς ἐν μικροῖς τῆς ἀληθείας ἱσταμένην ἰνδάλ μασιν. εἰ δὲ μὴ λίαν δοκῶ τισὶ περιττὸς καὶ περίεργος τὰ τοιαῦτα ἐξετάζων, οὐδὲ ἄλλα τινὰ τυχὸν ἢ ταῦτα ἦν, ἃ μὴ δύναται νῦν βασταχθῆναι, ἅπερ ὁ Λόγος αὐτὸς ὑπῃνίσσετο, ὥς ποτε βασταχθη σόμενα καὶ τρανωθησόμενα· καὶ ἃ μηδ' ἂν αὐτὸν δυνηθῆναι χωρῆσαι τὸν κάτω κόσμον Ἰωάννης ὁ τοῦ Λόγου πρόδρομος, ἡ μεγάλη τῆς ἀληθείας φωνή, διωρίζετο.

21 Πᾶσα μὲν οὖν ἀλήθεια καὶ πᾶς λόγος δυστέκμαρτός τε καὶ δυσθεώρητος· καὶ οἷον ὀργάνῳ μικρῷ μεγάλα δημιουργοῦμεν, τῇ ἀνθρωπίνῃ σοφίᾳ τὴν τῶν ὄντων γνῶσιν θηρεύοντες, καὶ τοῖς νοητοῖς προσβάλλοντες μετὰ τῶν αἰσθήσεων, ἢ οὐκ ἄνευ αἰσθή σεων, ὑφ' ὧν περιφερόμεθα καὶ πλανώμεθα, καὶ οὐκ ἔχομεν γυμνῷ τῷ νοὶ γυμνοῖς τοῖς πράγμασιν ἐντυγχάνοντες μᾶλλόν τι προσιέναι τῇ ἀληθείᾳ, καὶ τὸν νοῦν τυποῦσθαι ταῖς καταλήψεσιν. ὁ δὲ περὶ θεοῦ λόγος, ὅσῳ τελεώτερος, τοσούτῳ δυσεφικτότερος, καὶ πλείους τὰς ἀντιλήψεις ἔχων καὶ τὰς λύσεις ἐργωδεστέρας. πᾶν γὰρ τὸ ἐνιστάμενον, κἂν βραχύτατον ᾖ, τὸν τοῦ λόγου δρόμον ἐπέσχε καὶ διεκώλυσε, καὶ τὴν εἰς τὸ πρόσω φορὰν διέκοψεν· ὥσπερ οἱ τοὺς ἵππους τοῖς ῥυτῆρσιν ἀθρόως μεθέλκοντες φερομένους, καὶ τῷ ἀδοκήτῳ τοῦ τιναγμοῦ περιτρέποντες. οὕτω Σολομὼν μέν, ὁ σοφι σάμενος περισσὰ ὑπὲρ πάντας τοὺς γενομένους ἔμπροσθεν καὶ καθ' ἑαυτόν, ᾧ τὸ τῆς καρδίας πλάτος δῶρον θεοῦ, καὶ ἡ ψάμμου δαψιλεστέρα χύσις τῆς θεωρίας, ὅσῳ πλέον ἐμβατεύει τοῖς βάθεσι, τοσούτῳ πλέον ἰλιγγιᾷ, καὶ τέλος τι ποιεῖται σοφίας εὑρεῖν ὅσον διέφυγεν. Παῦλος δὲ πειρᾶται μὲν ἐφικέσθαι, οὔπω λέγω τῆς τοῦ θεοῦ φύσεως, τοῦτο γὰρ ᾔδει παντελῶς ἀδύνατον ὄν, ἀλλὰ μόνον τῶν τοῦ θεοῦ κριμάτων· ἐπεὶ δὲ οὐχ εὑρίσκει διέξοδον οὐδὲ στράσιν τῆς ἀναβάσεως, οὐδὲ εἴς τι φανερὸν τελευτᾷ πέρας ἡ πολυπραγμοσύνη τῆς διανοίας, ἀεί τινος ὑποφαινομένου τοῦ λείποντος· ὢ τοῦ θαύματος (ἵνα καὶ αὐτὸς πάθω τὸ ἴσον). ἐκπλήξει περιγράφει τὸν λόγον, καὶ πλοῦτον Θεοῦ καὶ βάθος τὸ τοιοῦτο καλεῖ, καὶ ὁμολογεῖ τῶν τοῦ θεοῦ κριμάτων τὸ ἀκατάληπτον, μονονουχὶ τὰ αὐτὰ τῷ ∆αβὶδ φθεγγόμενος, ποτὲ μὲν ἄβυσσον πολλὴν ὀνομάζοντι τὰ τοῦ θεοῦ κρίματα, ἧς οὐκ ἔστι τὴν ἕδραν ἢ μέτρῳ ἢ αἰσθήσει λαβεῖν, ποτὲ δὲ τεθαυμαστῶσθαι τὴν γνῶσιν ἐξ ἑαυτοῦ καὶ τῆς ἑαυτοῦ συστάσεως λέγοντι, κεκραταιῶσθαί τε πλέον ἢ κατὰ τὴν ἑαυτοῦ δύναμιν καὶ περίδραξιν.

22 Ἵνα γὰρ τἄλλα ἐάσας, φησί, πρὸς ἐμαυτὸν βλέψω, καὶ πᾶσαν τὴν ἀνθρωπίνην φύσιν καὶ σύμπηξιν, τίς ἡ μίξις ἡμῶν; τίς ἡ κίνη σις; πῶς τὸ ἀθάνατον τῷ θνητῷ συνεκράθη; πῶς κάτω ῥέω, καὶ ἄνω φέρομαι; πῶς ψυχὴ περιγράφεται; πῶς ζωὴν δίδωσι, καὶ πάθους μεταλαμβάνει; πῶς ὁ νοῦς καὶ περιγραπτὸς καὶ ἀόριστος, ἐν ἡμῖν μένων, καὶ πάντα ἐφοδεύων τάχει φορᾶς καὶ ῥεύσεως; πῶς μεταλαμβάνεται λόγῳ καὶ μεταδίδοται, καὶ δι' ἀέρος χωρεῖ, καὶ μετὰ τῶν πραγμάτων εἰσέρχεται; πῶς αἰσθήσει κοινωνεῖ, καὶ συστέλλεται ἀπὸ τῶν αἰσθήσεων; καὶ ἔτι πρὸ τούτων, τίς ἡ πρώτη πλάσις ἡμῶν καὶ σύστασις ἐν τῷ τῆς φύσεως ἐργαστηρίῳ; καὶ τίς ἡ τελευ ταία μόρφωσις καὶ τελείωσις; τίς ἡ τῆς τροφῆς ἔφεσις καὶ διάδοσις; καὶ τίς ἤγαγεν ἐπὶ τὰς πρώτας πηγὰς καὶ τοῦ ζῆν ἀφορμὰς αὐτο μάτως; πῶς σιτίοις μὲν σῶμα, λόγῳ δὲ ψυχὴ τρέφεται; τίς ἡ τῆς φύσεως ὁλκὴ καὶ πρὸς