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began from change, are in every way mutable and alterable. Matter, therefore, being mutable, is vivified by the divine command and is corrupted and is vivified again; so that corruption does not create generation, but the divine command vivifies and generates. 25 Say this also: Are the realms of the light filled with light or not? Manichaean: It is clear to everyone, surely, that they are filled with light. Orthodox: Are light and darkness receptive of one another or not receptive? Manichaean: Receptive. Orthodox: Therefore they are not by nature what they are; for what exists by nature does not change its state, and life by nature is not receptive of death. How then did darkness associate with light and was not dissolved? Furthermore, was the place of light filled with the good and with light, or not? Manichaean: It was filled. Orthodox: How then was darkness contained? For a vessel holding one medimnus will not hold two medimni, that is, a vessel with the capacity of one modius would not hold two modii. 26 Furthermore, when the fruits of darkness entered into the realms of light, what did they do or what did they suffer? Manichaean: They saw the light and were amazed and clove to it and came to be in love with it. Orthodox: O dark and foolish ones. Is darkness blind or luminous? Manichaean: Blind. Orthodox: And how can what is blind see, or how will what is completely evil admire or fall in love with the good? 27 Nevertheless, are these two principles destructive of one another? Manichaean: Yes. Orthodox: Therefore, not only is evil corruption, but so is the good. Manichaean: Evil is corruption, but the good is life. Orthodox: Therefore evil corrupts the good and does not subsist, while the good vivifies evil, and evil will subsist, but the good will be destroyed. As you said, then, matter is evil and corruption and death. So then evil, if it is evil to others, but good to itself, it is consistent with itself, not completely evil, not completely corruption; for being consistent with itself, in this respect it will not be evil. But if it is completely evil and completely corruption, it will also be destructive of itself and non-existent. -Set forth to us also the account of the mixture, which you mentioned. 28 Manichaean: There was, as I said, God and matter, each in its own realms, the good God being life, light, motion, knowledge, thought and every good, while matter was evil, corruption, darkness, death, in complete rest and quiet and immobility. Then after many ages matter was in sedition against itself and its fruits against one another, and thus some were pursuing and others were being pursued, and there was, as I said, God and matter, that is, two principles; and the soul is a part of the light, but the body is a creation of darkness and of matter. And the mixture happened thus. And each of them was in its own part, and the good was in one part, and the evil one in three. Then the evil one was moved with a disorderly impulse from its own realms and came into the realms of the good, and the good one, knowing this, put forth from itself a power called the mother of life, and the mother of life put forth the first man, and by this first man I mean the five elements, which are air, wind, light, water and fire. Having put these on, therefore, he went away and waged war against the darkness. And the rulers of darkness ate a part of his panoply, which is the soul; and they also seized the first man, and he was being tortured by them while in the darkness and cried out to the good one, and he put forth another power called the living spirit. And it came down and gave its right hand to the first man and led him up. But it left below the part which the rulers ate, that is, the soul; for from the portion of the good the souls came to be, but from the substance of evil, the bodies. 29 Orthodox: If according to the divine apostle there is no fellowship of light with darkness, how did the mixture of soul and body happen? And this very trial, which is of the

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ἀπὸ τροπῆς ἤρξατο, τρεπτὰ πάντως καὶ ἀλλοιωτά. Τρεπτὴ οὖν οὖσα ἡ ὕλη τῷ θείῳ προστάγματι ζωοῦται καὶ φθείρεται καὶ πάλιν ζωοῦται· ὥστε οὐχ ἡ φθορὰ δημιουργεῖ γένεσιν, ἀλλὰ τὸ θεῖον πρόσταγμα ζωοῖ καὶ γενεσιουργεῖ. 25 Εἰπὲ δὲ καὶ τοῦτο· Τὰ ἐκ τοῦ φωτὸς ὅρια φωτὸς πεπλήρωται ἢ οὔ; Μανιχαῖος· Παντί που δῆλον, ὡς φωτὸς πεπλήρωται. Ὀρθόδοξος· Τὸ φῶς καὶ τὸ σκότος δεκτικὰ ἀλλήλων εἰσὶν ἢ ἀνεπίδεκτα; Μανιχαῖος· ∆εκτικά. Ὀρθόδοξος· Οὐκοῦν οὔκ εἰσι φύσει, ὅ εἰσι· τὸ γὰρ φύσει πεφυκὸς οὐ μεθίσταται, καὶ ἡ φύσει ζωὴ ἀνεπίδεκτος θανάτου. Πῶς οὖν ὡμίλησε φωτὶ τὸ σκότος καὶ οὐ διελύθη; Εἶτα ὁ τόπος τοῦ φωτὸς ἐπεπλήρωτο τοῦ ἀγαθοῦ καὶ τοῦ φωτὸς ἢ οὔ; Μανιχαῖος· Ἐπεπλήρωτο. Ὀρθόδοξος· Πῶς οὖν ἐχωρήθη τὸ σκότος; Οὐ γὰρ μεδιμναῖον ἀγγεῖον χωρήσει διμέδιμνον, τουτέστιν ἀγγεῖον ἑνὸς μοδίου χωρητικὸν οὐκ ἂν δύο χωρήσει μοδίους. 26 Εἶτα εἰσελθόντες οἱ τοῦ σκότους καρποὶ εἰς τὰ τοῦ φωτὸς ὅρια τί πεποιήκασιν ἢ τί πεπόνθασιν; Μανιχαῖος· Εἶδον τὸ φῶς καὶ ἠγάσθησαν καὶ προσεκίσσησαν αὐτῷ καὶ εἰς ἔρωτα αὐτοῦ ἦλθον. Ὀρθόδοξος· Ὢ σκοτεινοὶ καὶ ἀνόητοι. Τυφλὸν τὸ σκότος ἢ φωτεινόν; Μανιχαῖος· Τυφλόν. Ὀρθόδοξος· Καὶ πῶς ὁρᾶν δύναται τὸ τυφλὸν ἢ πῶς τὸ παντελῶς κακὸν θαυμάσει ἢ ἐρασθήσεται τοῦ ἀγαθοῦ; 27 Ὅμως αὗται αἱ δύο ἀρχαὶ φθαρτικαὶ ἀλλήλων εἰσί; Μανιχαῖος· Ναί. Ὀρθόδοξος· Οὐκοῦν οὐ μόνη ἡ κακία ἐστὶ φθορά, ἀλλὰ καὶ ὁ ἀγαθός. Μανιχαῖος· Ἡ μὲν κακία φθορά, ὁ δὲ ἀγαθὸς ζωή. Ὀρθόδοξος· Οὐκοῦν ἡ μὲν κακία φθείρει τὸν ἀγαθὸν καὶ οὐχ ὑφίσταται, ὁ δὲ ἀγαθὸς ζωοῖ τὴν κακίαν, καὶ ὑποστήσεται μὲν ἡ κακία, ἀπωλεῖται δὲ ὁ ἀγαθός. Ὡς οὖν ἔφης, ἡ ὕλη κακὸν καὶ φθορὰ καὶ θάνατος. Τὸ οὖν κακόν, εἰ μὲν ἄλλοις κακόν, ἑαυτῷ δὲ ἀγαθόν, συνίσταται μὲν ἑαυτῷ, οὐ παντελῶς κακόν, οὐ παντελῶς φθορά· συνιστῶν γὰρ ἑαυτῷ, κατὰ τοῦτο οὐκ ἔσται κακόν. Εἰ δὲ παντελῶς κακὸν καὶ παντελῶς φθορά, καὶ ἑαυτοῦ ἔσται ἀναιρετικὸν καὶ ἀνύπαρκτον. -Ἔκθου δὲ ἡμῖν καί, ὃν ἔφης, συγκράσεως λόγον. 28 Μανιχαῖος· Ἦν, ὡς ἔφην, θεὸς καὶ ὕλη, ἕκαστον ἐν τοῖς οἰκείοις ὅροις, ὁ μὲν ἀγαθὸς θεός, ζωή, φῶς, κίνησις, γνῶσις, νόησις καὶ πᾶν ἀγαθόν, ἡ δὲ ὕλη κακία, φθορά, σκότος, θάνατος, ἐν ἠρεμίᾳ καὶ ἡσυχίᾳ καὶ ἀκινησίᾳ παντελεῖ. Εἶτα μετὰ πολλοὺς αἰῶνας ἐστασίασεν ἡ ὕλη πρὸς ἑαυτὴν καὶ οἱ ταύτης καρποὶ πρὸς ἀλλήλους, καὶ οὕτω τῶν μὲν διωκόντων, τῶν δὲ διωκομένων, καὶ ἦν, ὡς ἔφην, θεὸς καὶ ὕλη, τουτέστι δύο ἀρχαί· καὶ τοῦ μὲν φωτὸς μέρος ἐστὶν ἡ ψυχή, τοῦ δὲ σκότους καὶ τῆς ὕλης δημιούργημα τὸ σῶμα. Ἡ δὲ μίξις οὕτως ἐγένετο. Καὶ ἕκαστον αὐτῶν ἀνὰ μέρος ἦν, καὶ ὁ μὲν ἀγαθὸς ἐν ἑνὶ μέρει ἦν, ὁ δὲ πονηρὸς ἐν τρισίν. Εἶτα ἐκινήθη ὁ πονηρὸς ἀτάκτῳ ὁρμῇ ἐκ τῶν ὁρίων αὐτοῦ καὶ ἦλθεν εἰς τὰ ὅρια τοῦ ἀγαθοῦ, καὶ γνοὺς ὁ ἀγαθὸς προέβαλεν ἐξ ἑαυτοῦ δύναμιν λεγομένην μητέρα ζωῆς, καὶ ἡ μήτηρ τῆς ζωῆς προεβάλετο τὸν πρῶτον ἄνθρωπον, τοῦτον δὲ τὸν πρῶτον ἄνθρωπον λέγω τὰ πέντε στοιχεῖα, ἅτινά ἐστιν ἀήρ, ἄνεμος, φῶς, ὕδωρ καὶ πῦρ. Ταῦτα οὖν ἐνδυσάμενος ἀπῆλθε καὶ ἐπολέμησε τῷ σκότει. Οἱ δὲ τοῦ σκότους ἄρχοντες ἔφαγον ἐκ τῆς πανοπλίας αὐτοῦ μέρος, ὅ ἐστι ψυχή· κατέσχον δὲ καὶ τὸν πρῶτον ἄνθρωπον, καὶ ἐβασανίζετο ὑπ' αὐτῶν ὢν ἐν τῷ σκότει καὶ ἐβόησε πρὸς τὸν ἀγαθόν, καὶ προεβάλετο ἄλλην δύναμιν λεγομένην ζῶν πνεῦμα. Καὶ κατῆλθε καὶ ἔδωκε δεξιὰν τῷ πρώτῳ ἀνθρώπῳ καὶ ἀνήγαγεν αὐτόν. Ἀφῆκε δὲ κάτω τὸ μέρος, ὃ ἔφαγον οἱ ἄρχοντες, τουτέστι τὴν ψυχήν· ἐκ γὰρ τῆς μοίρας τοῦ ἀγαθοῦ ἐγένοντο αἱ ψυχαί, ἐκ δὲ τῆς οὐσίας τῆς κακίας τὰ σώματα. 29 Ὀρθόδοξος· Εἰ κατὰ τὸν θεῖον ἀπόστολον οὐκ ἔστι κοινωνία φωτὶ πρὸς σκότος, πῶς ἐγένετο σύγκρασις ψυχῆς καὶ σώματος; Καὶ αὐτὴ δὲ ἡ πεῖρα, ἥτις ἐστὶ τῶν