coming after it, demands this final penalty, as one who, after being freed from the burden of sin, is again voluntarily subjected to it. And He commanded also through the voice of Jeremiah, not to carry burdens on the day of the Sabbath, nor to do any work, nor to go forth from Jerusalem. For it is necessary for those who keep the Sabbath spiritually not to take up again the burdens of sin, nor to do an evil work; nor to be carried outside the most holy and God-fearing commonwealth. That he forbade evil work is clear from the fact that the priests on the Sabbath both slaughtered the victims, and carved the meat, and circumcised, and did all things that pertain to the worship of God. And Jesus the son of Nun, by besieging Jericho on the Sabbath, typified that it is fitting for those who keep the Sabbath spiritually to act manfully against the opposing demons. And in Deuteronomy, discoursing about a Hebrew man-servant and a Hebrew woman-servant who have been sold, he has said. But in the seventh year you shall send him away, 77.1201 but you shall not send him away empty; but you shall furnish him, from your sheep, and from your grain, and from your winepress. For since the Sabbath is the seventh, and the last of the whole week; and in the last days God the Redeemer became man; then indeed He sent us forth through faith in him and adoption, which is through holy baptism, free from the slavery of sin, having been sold to it; and he furnished us from his sheep, that is, from the sacrifice according to him, and from his body and blood; which are signified by the grain and the winepress. For the mystical bread and wine are called and believed to be the body and blood of the Savior. And in the same book he also commanded these things: After seven years you shall make a release of debts. And you shall not demand it of your brother, but of a foreigner you shall demand it. For in the last days, as has been said, God, having become man, forgave for all who believe in him the debts of their own sins. And from him who has become his brother through adoption to the Father which is through holy baptism, he does not demand, having forgiven the past debts. But from the one who is a foreigner to faith in him, he in every way demands everything. The sixth day according to Scripture introduces the completion of those things which exist according to nature. The seventh circumscribes the movement of temporal property; and the eighth indicates the mode of the state beyond nature and time. He who has divinely completed the sixth day for himself with fitting works and concepts, and has himself well completed his own works with God, has passed beyond in understanding all the substance of things under nature and time, and has been transferred to the mystical contemplation of the ages and of eternal things, keeping sabbath unknowingly, according to the mind, in the total cessation from and transcendence of beings. But he who has been deemed worthy also of the eighth, has risen from the dead, from all things, I say, after God, both sensible and intelligible, and of reasons and thoughts, and has lived the blessed life of God, of the one who alone in truth is properly life and being and is so called, having himself become God by deification. The sixth day is the complete fulfillment of practical matters concerning the energies according to nature. But the seventh is the completion and cessation of contemplative matters concerning the ineffable knowledge, of all natural concepts. And the eighth, the transference and transition of the worthy toward deification; and perhaps the Lord, possibly indicating this seventh and eighth more mystically, called it a day of consummation, as circumscribing the mysteries and reasons of all things, which none at all of the heavenly and earthly powers will be able to know before the experience of suffering them, except the blessed divinity itself that made these things. The sixth day indicates the principle of the being of things that are. But the seventh signifies the mode of the well-being of things that are.
μετερχόμενον, τὴν ἐσχάτην ταύτην ἀπαιτεῖ δίκην, ὡς μετὰ τὸ ἀπαλλαγῆναι τοῦ βάρους τῆς ἁμαρτίας, αὖθις αὐτῇ καθυπαγόμενον ἑκουσίως. Ἐνετείλατο δὲ καὶ διὰ φωνῆς Ἱερεμίου, μὴ αἴρειν βαστάγματα ἐν τῇ ἡμέρᾳ τῶν Σαββάτων, μηδὲ ποιεῖν ἔργον, μηδὲ ἐκπορεύεσθαι ἐξ Ἱερουσαλήμ. Χρὴ γὰρ τοὺς πνευματικῶς σαββατίζοντας μὴ πάλιν αἴρειν βάρη ἁμαρτίας, μὴ δὲ ποιεῖν ἔργον πονηρόν· μηδ' ἔξω τῆς ἱερωτάτης καὶ θεοσεβοῦς πολιτείας φέρεσθαι. Ὅτι δὲ τὸ πονηρὸν ἔργον ἐκώλυσε, δῆλον ἀπὸ τοῦ τοὺς ἱερεῖς ἐν Σαββάτῳ καὶ σφαγιάζειν τὰ θύματα, καὶ κρεανομεῖν, καὶ περιτέμνειν, καὶ πάντα ἐργάζεσθαι, ὅσα πρὸς θεραπείαν Θεοῦ. Καὶ Ἰησοῦς δὲ ὁ τοῦ Ναυῆ ἐν Σαββάτῳ τὴν Ἱεριχὼ πολιορκήσας, ὑπετύπωσεν ὅτι προσήκει τοῖς πνευματικῶς σαββατίζουσιν ἀνδρίζεσθαι κατὰ τῶν ἀντικειμένων δαιμόνων. Καὶ ἐν τῷ ∆ευτερονομίῳ δὲ περὶ παιδὸς Ἑβραίου καὶ Ἑβραίας πεπραμένων διαλεγόμενος, εἴρηκεν. Ἐν δὲ τῷ ἑβδόμῳ ἔτει ἐξαποστελεῖς αὐτὸν, οὐκ 77.1201 ἐξαποστελεῖς δὲ αὐτὸν κενόν· ἀλλ' ἐφοδιάσεις αὐτὸν, ἀπὸ τῶν προβάτων σου, καὶ ἀπὸ τοῦ σίτου σου, καὶ ἀπὸ τῆς ληνοῦ σου. Ἐπεὶ γὰρ ἕβδομον μὲν τὸ Σάββατον, καὶ ἔσχατον τῆς ὅλης ἑβδομάδος· ἐπ' ἐσχάτων δὲ τῶν ἡμερῶν ὁ Λυτρωτὴς Θεὸς ἐνηνθρώπησε· τότε δὴ τότε ἐξαπέστειλεν ἡμᾶς διὰ τῆς εἰς αὐτὸν πίστεως καὶ υἱοθεσίας, τῆς διὰ τοῦ ἁγίου βαπτίσματος, ἐλευθέρους τῆς δουλείας τῆς ἁμαρτίας, πεπραμένους αὐτῇ· καὶ ἐφωδίασεν ἡμᾶς ἀπὸ τῶν προβάτων αὐτοῦ, τοῦτ' ἔστιν, ἀπὸ τῆς κατ' αὐτὸν θυσίας, καὶ ἀπὸ τοῦ σώματος καὶ αἵματος αὐτοῦ· ἃ δηλοῦνται διὰ τοῦ σίτου καὶ τῆς ληνοῦ. Ὁ γὰρ μυστικὸς ἄρτος καὶ οἶνος σῶμα καὶ αἷμα τοῦ Σωτῆρος λέγονται καὶ πιστεύονται. Ἐν τῇ αὐτῇ δὲ βίβλῳ καὶ τάδε προσέταξε· ∆ι' ἑπτὰ ἐτῶν ποιήσεις ἄφεσιν χρεῶν. Καὶ τὸν μὲν ἀδελφόν σου οὐκ ἀπαιτήσεις, τὸν δὲ ἀλλότριον ἀπαιτήσεις. Ἐπ' ἐσχάτων γὰρ, ὡς εἴρηται, τῶν ἡμερῶν, ὁ Θεὸς ἐνανθρωπήσας, ἀφῆκε πᾶσι τοῖς εἰς αὐτὸν πιστεύουσι τὰς ὀφειλὰς τῶν οἰκείων ἁμαρτημάτων. Καὶ τὸν μὲν ἀδελφὸν αὐτοῦ γενόμενον διὰ τῆς πρὸς τὸν Πατέρα υἱοθεσίας τῆς διὰ τοῦ ἁγίου βαπτίσματος, οὐκ ἀπαιτεῖ, συγχωρήσας τὰ προωφειλημένα. Τὸν δὲ ἀλλότριον τῆς εἰς αὐτὸν πίστεως, ἀπαιτεῖ πάντως πάντα. Ἡ ἕκτη κατὰ τὴν Γραφὴν ἡμέρα τὴν τῶν ὑπὸ φύσιν ὅντων εἰσηγεῖται συμπλήρωσιν. Ἡ ἑβδόμη δὲ τῆς χρονικῆς ἰδιότητος περιγράφει τὴν κίνησιν· ἡ δὲ ὀγδόη τῆς ὑπὲρ φύσιν καὶ χρόνον ὑποδηλοῖ καταστάσεως τὸν τρόπον. Ὁ τὴν ἕκτην θεϊκῶς μετὰ τῶν προσφόρων ἔργων καὶ ἐννοιῶν ἑαυτῷ συμπληρώσας ἡμέραν, καὶ αὐτὸς μετὰ τοῦ Θεοῦ καλῶς τὰ ἐαυτοῦ συντελέσας ἔργα, διέβη τῇ κατανοήσει πᾶσαν τὴν τῶν ὑπὸ φύσιν καὶ χρόνον ὑπόστασιν, καὶ εἰς τὴν τῶν αἰώνων καὶ τῶν αἰωνίων μετετάξατο μυστικὴν θεωρίαν, σαββατίζων ἀγνώστως, κατὰ νοῦν, τὴν ὁλικὴν τῶν ὄντων ἀπόληψίν τε καὶ ὑπέρβασιν. Ὁ δὲ καὶ τῆς ὀγδόης ἀξιωθεὶς, ἐκ τῶν νεκρῶν ἀνέστη, τῶν μετὰ Θεὸν, λέγω, πάντων, αἰσθητῶν τε καὶ νοητῶν, καὶ λόγων καὶ νοημάτων, καὶ ἔζησε τὴν τοῦ Θεοῦ μακαρίαν ζωὴν, τοῦ μόνου κατ' ἀλήθειαν κυρίως ζωὴ καὶ ὄντος καὶ λεγομένου, οἷα καὶ αὐτὸς γενόμενος τῇ θεώσει Θεός. Ἕκτη ἡμέρα ἐστὶν ἡ τῶν πρακτικῶν περὶ τὴν τῶν κατὰ φύσιν ἐνεργειῶν παντελὴς ἀποπλήρωσις. Ἑβδόμη δέ ἐστιν ἡ τῶν θεωρητικῶν περὶ τὴν ἄῤῥητον γνῶσιν, πασῶν τῶν φυσικῶν ἐννοιῶν ἀποπεράτωσις καὶ ἀπόπαυσις. Ὀγδόη δὲ, ἡ πρὸς θέωσιν τῶν ἀξίων μετάταξίς τε καὶ μετάβασις· καὶ μήποτε ταύτην τὴν ἑβδόμην καὶ τὴν ὀγδόην τυχὸν μυστικώτερον ὑποφαίνων ὁ Κυρίος, προσηγόρευσεν ἡμέραν συντελείας, ὡς πάντων περιγράφουσαν τὰ μυστήρια καὶ τοὺς λόγους, ἃ οὐδὲν οὐδαμῶς τὸ παράπαν τῶν ἐπουρανίων καὶ ἐπιγείων δυνάμεων γνῶναι πρὸ πείρας τοῦ παθεῖν δυνήσεται, πλὴν αὐτῆς τῆς ταῦτα ποιησάσης μακαρίας θεότητος. Ἡ ἕκτη ἡμέρα τὸν τοῦ εἶναι τῶν ὄντων λόγον ὑποδηλοῖ. Ἡ δὲ ἑβδόμη τὸν τοῦ εὖ εἶναι τῶν ὄντων τρόπον ὑποσημαίνει.