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a greater reason for punishment; and very rightly; for this verdict is of a corrupt mind and one incurably diseased. For the one who, while sinning, condemns his sin, will be able to recover himself in time; but the one who praises wickedness has deprived himself of the healing that comes from repentance. So Paul rightly showed this to be more grievous than that. Therefore, just as not only those who do evil, but also those who praise them, share in the same, or even a more grievous, punishment; so also those who praise and admire the good are partakers of the crowns laid up for them. And this very thing can be seen again from Scripture. For speaking to Abraham, God says: I will bless those who bless you, and I will curse those who curse you. One might see this happening also at the Olympic games. For not only the athlete wearing the crown, nor only the one enduring the toils and sweats, but also the admirer of the victor reaps no small pleasure from that praise. For this reason, I count blessed not only that noble one of philosophy, but also you for your good will toward him. For he wrestled, and conquered, and was crowned; and you, by praising the victory, departed having received no small part of the crown. So that the pleasure may be greater and the gain more, come, let us present to you the remaining parts of the story. For after the writer stated the words by which he forbade the slaughter, he added that he did not allow them to rise up and kill Saul, wishing to show at once both their desire for the slaughter and his courage. And yet many of his enemies, even those who seem to be philosophers, 54.688 even if they themselves would not deign to kill, would not choose to prevent those about to be killed by others. But David was not so, but as if he had received some deposit, and was about to give an account of it, he not only did not touch his enemy himself, but also prevented others who wished to kill him, becoming a bodyguard instead of an enemy, and an excellent spear-bearer. So that one would not be wrong in saying that David fell into greater danger at that time than Saul. For he did not endure an ordinary contest, striving in every way to deliver him from their plot; nor did he fear so much when he himself was about to be slain, as he feared lest one of the soldiers, giving in to anger, might destroy the man; for this reason he also composed such a defense. For they were accusing, and the sleeping one was being accused, but the enemy was defending, and God was judging, and He confirmed the verdict of David. For without the impulse of God, he would not have been able to overcome those raging men; but it was the grace of God that was seated upon the lips of the prophet, giving a certain persuasion to those words. And David also contributed no small amount; for since he had so instructed them in the time before, for this reason he found them prepared and yielding in the time of the contests. For he presided over them not as a general of soldiers, but as a priest, and that cave was henceforth a church. For just as one who has obtained an episcopate, so he made a homily to them; and after this homily he offered up a certain wonderful and paradoxical sacrifice, not sacrificing a calf, not slaughtering a lamb, but, what was much more precious than these, offering up gentleness and meekness to God, and sacrificing irrational anger, and killing wrath, and putting to death the members that are upon the earth. And he became himself both victim, and priest, and altar. For the reason which offered the gentleness and the meekness, and the meekness and the gentleness and the heart, in which these things were offered, all these were from him.

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μεῖζον εἰς κολάσεως λόγον· καὶ μάλα εἰκότως· διεφθαρμένης γάρ ἐστι γνώμης καὶ ἀνίατα νοσούσης αὕτη ἡ ψῆφος. Ὁ μὲν γὰρ μετὰ τοῦ πλημμελεῖν καταγινώσκων τῆς ἁμαρτίας, χρόνῳ ποτὲ ἑαυτὸν δυνήσεται ἀνακτήσασθαι· ὁ δὲ ἐπαινῶν πονηρίαν, τῆς ἐκ τοῦ μετανοῆσαι θεραπείας ἑαυτὸν ἀπεστέρησεν. Ὥστε εἰκότως τοῦτο ἐκείνου χαλεπώτερον ὁ Παῦλος εἶναι ἀπέδειξεν. Ὥσπερ οὖν οὐχ οἱ τὰ φαῦλα πράσσοντες μόνον, ἀλλὰ καὶ οἱ τούτους ἐγκωμιάζοντες, τῆς αὐτῆς, ἢ καὶ χαλεπωτέρας, ἐκείνοις κοινωνοῦσι κολάσεως· οὕτως οἱ τοὺς ἀγαθοὺς ἐπαινοῦντες καὶ θαυμάζοντες, συμμερισταὶ τῶν ἐκείνοις ἀποκειμένων στεφάνων εἰσί. Καὶ τοῦτο αὐτὸ πάλιν ἀπὸ τῆς Γραφῆς ἔστιν ἰδεῖν. Πρὸς γὰρ τὸν Ἀβραὰμ διαλεγόμενός φησιν ὁ Θεός· Εὐλογήσω τοὺς εὐλογοῦντάς σε, καὶ τοὺς καταρωμένους σε καταράσομαι. Τοῦτο καὶ ἐπὶ τῶν Ὀλυμπιακῶν ἀγώνων συμβαῖνον ἴδοι τις ἄν. Οὐ γὰρ ὁ τὸν στέφανον περικείμενος ἀθλητὴς, οὐδὲ ὁ τοὺς πόνους ὑπομένων καὶ τοὺς ἱδρῶτας μόνον, ἀλλὰ καὶ ὁ θαυμαστὴς τοῦ νενικηκότος οὐκ ὀλίγην ἐκ τῆς εὐφημίας ἐκείνης καρποῦται τὴν ἡδονήν. ∆ιά τοι τοῦτο οὐχὶ τὸν γενναῖον ἐκεῖνον τῆς φιλοσοφίας μακαρίζω μόνον, ἀλλὰ καὶ ὑμᾶς τῆς περὶ αὐτὸν εὐνοίας. Ἐπάλαισε μὲν γὰρ ἐκεῖνος, καὶ ἐνίκησε, καὶ ἐστεφανώθη· ἐπαινέσαντες δὲ τὴν νίκην ὑμεῖς, οὐ μικρὸν τοῦ στεφάνου μέρος λαβόντες ἀπήλθετε. Ἵν' οὖν μείζων ἡ ἡδονὴ γένηται καὶ πλέον τὸ κέρδος, φέρε καὶ τὰ λειπόμενα τῆς ἱστορίας ἀποδῶμεν ὑμῖν. Εἰπὼν γὰρ ὁ συγγραφεὺς τὰ ῥήματα, δι' ὧν παρῃτήσατο τὴν σφαγὴν, ἐπήγαγεν, ὅτι Οὐκ ἔδωκεν αὐτοῖς ἀναστῆναι καὶ ἀποκτεῖναι τὸν Σαοὺλ, ὁμοῦ καὶ τὴν ἐκείνων ἐπιθυμίαν τὴν περὶ τὴν σφαγὴν, καὶ τὴν ἀνδρείαν τὴν τούτου δεῖξαι βουλόμενος. Καίτοι γε πολλοὶ τῶν ἐχθρῶν, καὶ οἱ δοκοῦντες φιλοσοφεῖν, 54.688 κἂν αὐτοὶ μὴ καταδέξωνται ἀνελεῖν, ὑφ' ἑτέρων ἀναιρεῖσθαι μέλλοντας οὐκ ἂν ἕλοιντο κωλῦσαι. Ὁ δὲ ∆αυῒδ οὐχ οὕτως, ἀλλ' ὥσπερ τινὰ παρακαταθήκην λαβὼν, καὶ μέλλων αὐτῆς εὐθύνας διδόναι, οὐ μόνον αὐτὸς οὐχ ἥψατο τοῦ πολεμίου, ἀλλὰ καὶ ἑτέρους βουλομένους ἀνελεῖν ἐκώλυσε, σωματοφύλαξ ἀντὶ πολεμίου γενόμενος καὶ δορυφόρος ἄριστος. Ὥστε οὐκ ἄν τις ἁμάρτοι τὸν ∆αυῒδ μᾶλλον κινδύνῳ τότε περιπεπτωκέναι εἰπὼν, ἢ τὸν Σαούλ. Οὐ γὰρ τὸν τυχόντα ἀγῶνα ὑπέμεινε, παντὶ τρόπῳ σπουδάζων αὐτὸν ἐξελέσθαι τῆς ἐπιβουλῆς τῆς παρ' ἐκείνων· οὐδὲ οὕτως ἐδεδοίκει μέλλων αὐτὸς ἀποσφάττεσθαι, ὡς ἐδεδοίκει μήποτε τῶν στρατιωτῶν τις ἐνδοὺς τῷ θυμῷ διαφθείρῃ τὸν ἄνθρωπον· διὰ τοῦτο καὶ δικαιολογίαν τοιαύτην συνέθηκε. Καὶ γὰρ κατηγόρουν μὲν ἐκεῖνοι, κατηγορεῖτο δὲ ὁ καθεύδων, ἀπελογεῖτο δὲ ὁ πολέμιος, ἐδίκαζε δὲ ὁ Θεὸς, καὶ τὴν τοῦ ∆αυῒδ ψῆφον ἐκύρωσεν. Οὐ γὰρ ἄνευ τῆς τοῦ Θεοῦ ῥοπῆς ἴσχυσεν ἂν τῶν μαινομένων ἐκείνων περιγενέσθαι· ἀλλ' ἡ τοῦ Θεοῦ χάρις ἦν ἡ τοῖς χείλεσιν ἐγκαθημένη τοῦ προφήτου, καὶ πειθώ τινα δοῦσα τοῖς ῥήμασιν ἐκείνοις. Οὐ μικρὸν δὲ καὶ ὁ ∆αυῒδ συνεβάλετο· ἐπειδὴ γὰρ αὐτοὺς τὸν ἔμπροσθεν χρόνον οὕτως ἐπαίδευε, διὰ τοῦτο ἐν τῷ καιρῷ τῶν ἀγώνων παρεσκευασμένους εὗρε καὶ εἴκοντας. Οὐ γὰρ ὡς στρατηγὸς στρατιωτῶν, ἀλλ' ὡς ἱερεὺς, οὕτως αὐτῶν προειστήκει, καὶ ἦν ἐκκλησία τὸ σπήλαιον ἐκεῖνο λοιπόν. Καὶ γὰρ ὥσπερ τις ἐπισκοπὴν λαχὼν, οὕτω πρὸς αὐτοὺς ἐποιήσατο ὁμιλίαν· καὶ μετὰ τὴν ὁμιλίαν ταύτην θυσίαν ἀνήνεγκε θαυμαστήν τινα καὶ παράδοξον, οὐ μόσχον καταθύσας, οὐκ ἀρνίον κατασφάξας, ἀλλ', ὃ πολλῷ τούτων τιμιώτερον ἦν, πραότητα καὶ ἐπιείκειαν ἀναθεὶς τῷ Θεῷ, καὶ τὸν ἄλογον καταθύσας θυμὸν, καὶ τὴν ὀργὴν ἀποκτείνας, καὶ νεκρώσας τὰ μέλη τὰ ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς. Καὶ ἐγένετο αὐτὸς καὶ ἱερεῖον, καὶ ἱερεὺς, καὶ θυσιαστήριον. Ὅ τε γὰρ προσενεγκὼν τὴν πραότητα καὶ τὴν ἐπιείκειαν λογισμὸς, ἥ τε ἐπιείκεια καὶ ἡ πραότης καὶ ἡ καρδία, ἐν ᾗ ταῦτα προσεφέρετο, ἅπαντα ἦν παρ' αὐτῷ.