Philocalia or Selections from the works of Origen made by Basil and Gregory of Nazianzus (ch. 23, 25-27)

 of those concerning the stars, so that what is said by them may not be an unproven declaration, let them try to bring us more compellingly, by present

 to her a sign, saying: This is the sign which the Lord spoke, saying: Behold, the altar shall be rent, and the fat that is upon it shall be poured out

 of certain observations, or also from the teaching of angels who had transgressed their own order and, for the ruin of our race, taught certain things

 to be mistaken, but it is possible concerning things that are contingent to happen and not to happen to think that they happen and that they do not ha

 these past events are not in our power, it being possible on the basis of the same past events to do other things than what we do. But if anyone seeks

 It is fated for you to have children or not to have children in vain then you have relations with a woman. For just as in this case, since it is impo

 they will reasonably agree that nothing concerning human affairs comes from the stars, but, as we have said before, if anything, they are signified A

 argument, that humans are able to comprehend the heavenly configurations and the signs and what they are signs of, let us now examine if this is true.

 of human nature, not in a human way but in a divine way they are taught the secrets just as Paul, saying: I heard unspeakable words, which it is not

 they read the book of God and thus they do what is incumbent upon them. But as we said before, what we do, or what the opposing energies accomplish i

 they do away with sayings, also using the one: “The sinners were estranged from the womb,” spoken in the psalms. Now to this it is easy to reply, by a

 troubling our argument since Paul says: “But we know that for those who love God all things work together for good, for those who are called accordin

 the deeds foreknown beforehand but happening later, each from the apostolic preparation and choice. But now to apply this to the saying from the psalm

 Health, of course, and bodily strength are a good. The text reads thus: ‘If you will not hearken to do all the words of this law that are written in t

 it is necessary to raise a further question to those who suppose, whether the prophets, whose sins are not spoken against, have kept the law for exam

 of whom the prophet also finds fault with those who are in such states, saying: 'From the feet to the head, there is neither wound, nor bruise, nor fe

 who was once the morning star, rising in the morning, but later was shattered upon the earth. For not only among the sons of men, if one is perfect, i

 that the sound account concerning this Scripture is also among the hidden things. But those who claim there is another god besides the creator wish hi

 they suppose concerning God, nor to what they dogmatize concerning natures, does the argument from the reading now under examination contribute, as th

 leading him into the open and perhaps exhausting him through the action, so that having brought to completion all the outbursts of his indwelling wick

 chasten me” the one praying these things is asking not to need the reproof that comes through the wrath of God and the chastisement that comes throug

 Good masters, being long-suffering toward their sinning servants, are accustomed to say: I have ruined you and: I have made you wicked showing with

 the heart of Pharaoh” whether they believe that these things are said truly by God through the inspired Moses or falsely. For if falsely, then accord

of human nature, not in a human way but in a divine way they are taught the secrets; just as Paul, saying: "I heard unspeakable words, which it is not lawful for a man to utter." For they know "the alterations of the turning seasons and the changes of times, the cycles of years and the positions of stars," not from men nor through men, but of the Spirit revealing to them and purely, as God wills, announcing the divine things. And in another way, Jacob was greater than a man, supplanting his brother, and confessing in this very book from which we have cited this: "I have read on the tablets of heaven"; being chief captain of the power of the Lord, and long ago having acquired the name Israel; which, ministering in the body, he recognizes, when the archangel Uriel reminds him of it. 23.20 (4) After these things, it remains to examine and to show to the believers that the luminaries of heaven are set for signs, and from the things brought forth by the more curious into the passages, having also been sifted, what is the reason for God having made these signs in heaven. And it is possible to say, first, that the believed things concerning the majesty of the mind of God, which has comprehended all knowledge about each of the beings, so that not even the chance thing and what is considered least escapes his divinity, contain the opinion that he has thus comprehended in himself things as it were infinite in number, yet not a clear proof, but a believed one, as befitting the unbegotten mind which is also beyond all nature. Therefore, in order that this might be comprehended by experience by those who are greater than human and by the holy souls freed from the present bond, as it were letters and characters, God made in heaven through the revolution of the heavenly bodies, those who have been taught and will be taught to read the signs of God. And it is not surprising that God does something for the sake of a demonstration to the blessed, as Scripture says to Pharaoh: "For this very purpose I have raised you up, that I might show in you my power, and that my name might be proclaimed in all the earth." For if Pharaoh was preserved for the demonstration of God's power and the proclamation of His name in all the earth, consider how great a demonstration of God's power the heavenly signs contain, since all things from the beginning of the age until the consummation have been imprinted in the worthy book of God, the heaven. Secondly, I suppose that the signs are set forth for the powers that administer human affairs, so that they might only know some things, and also effect other things; just as in our books some things are written that we might know them, such as the things concerning the creation of the world and any other mysteries; and other things that, knowing them, we might do them, such as the things concerning the commandments and ordinances of God. It is possible then that the heavenly letters, which angels and divine powers can read well, contain some things to be read by the angels and ministers of God, that they might rejoice in knowing them; and other things that they might do, receiving them as if they were commandments. 23.21 And we will not err in saying that the heaven and the stars have an analogy to the things in the law; but if worse and other activities of man bring about some of the things foreknown and signified in heaven, it is not necessary that they too do what they effect by being reminded from the letters of God; but just as men who do wrong, not learning that God has foreknown that a certain person would be wronged by them, effect the wrongdoing from their own wickedness; so the opposing powers, though God has foreknown the evil of the men and powers who wish wicked things, accomplish it by their own most shameful choice. The holy angels, however, the ministering spirits sent forth for service, it is likely that, receiving the ordinances as from a written law of God, do the better things in an orderly way and when it is necessary and as it is necessary and as much as is necessary; for it would be absurd for them, being divine, to come randomly and <not> in a determined way, so to speak, to reveal something to Abraham, and to do something for Isaac, and to rescue Jacob from danger, or to come upon the spirit of this or that prophet. Therefore, so that they might not do this randomly nor by chance,

τῆς ἀνθρωπίνης φύσεως, οὐκ ἀνθρωπίνως θείως δὲ διδάσκονται τὰ ἀπόρρητα· ὥσπερ ὁ Παῦλος, λέγων· «Ἤκουσα ἄρρητα ῥήματα ἃ οὐκ ἐξὸν ἀνθρώπῳ λαλῆσαι.» Ἴσασι γὰρ «τροπῶν ἀλλαγὰς καὶ μεταβολὰς καιρῶν, ἐνιαυτῶν κύκλους καὶ ἀστέρων θέσεις», οὐκ ἀπ' ἀνθρώπων οὐδὲ δι' ἀνθρώπων, ἀλλὰ τοῦ πνεύματος ἀποκαλύπτοντος αὐτοῖς καὶ καθαρῶς, ὡς θέλει ὁ θεός, τὰ θεῖα ἀπαγγέλλοντος. Καὶ ἄλλως δὲ ὁ Ἰακὼβ μείζων ἢ κατὰ ἄνθρωπον ἦν, πτερνίζων τὸν ἀδελφὸν αὐτοῦ, καὶ ὁμολογῶν ἐν αὐτῇ ταύτῃ τῇ βίβλῳ ἀφ' ἧς παρεθέμεθα τό· «Ἀνέγνων ἐν ταῖς πλαξὶ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ»· εἶναι ἀρχιχιλίαρχος δυνάμεως κυρίου, καὶ ὄνομα πάλαι κεκτημένος Ἰσραήλ· ὅπερ ἐν σώματι λειτουργῶν ἀναγνω ρίζει, ὑπομιμνήσκοντος αὐτὸν τοῦ ἀρχαγγέλου Οὐριήλ. 23.20 (δʹ) Μετὰ ταῦτα λείπεται ἐξετάσαι καὶ παραστῆσαι τοῖς πιστεύουσιν ὅτι εἰς σημεῖα κεῖνται οἱ φωστῆρες τοῦ οὐρανοῦ, σανθεῖσι δὲ καὶ ἐκ τῶν ὑπὸ τῶν περιεργοτέρων φερομένων εἰς τοὺς τόπους, τίς ἡ αἰτία τοῦ ταῦτα τὰ σημεῖα τὸν θεὸν πεποιηκέναι ἐν οὐρανῷ. Καὶ ἔστιν εἰπεῖν πρῶτον μὲν ὅτι πιστευόμενα τὰ τῆς μεγαλειότητος τοῦ νοῦ τοῦ θεοῦ πᾶσαν γνῶσιν τὴν περὶ ἑκάστου τῶν ὄντων ἐμπεριειληφότος, ὥστε μηδὲ τὸ τυχὸν καὶ νομιζόμενον ἐλάχιστον λανθάνειν τὴν θειότητα αὐτοῦ, δόξαν μὲν περιέχει τοῦ οἱονεὶ ἄπειρα ἀριθμῷ οὕτως αὐτὸν ἐμπεριειληφέναι ἐν ἑαυτῷ, οὐ μὴν ἐναργῆ τὴν ἀπόδειξιν, ἀλλὰ πεπιστευμένην ὡς ἁρμόζουσαν τῷ ἀγενήτῳ νῷ καὶ ὑπὲρ πᾶσαν φύσιν τυγχάνοντι. Ἵν' οὖν τῇ πείρᾳ τοῦτο καταλαμβάνηται ὑπὸ τῶν μειζόνων ἢ κατὰ ἄνθρωπον καὶ τῶν ἁγίων ψυχῶν τοῦ ἐνεστηκότος δεσμοῦ ἀπηλλαγμένων, ὡσπερεὶ γράμματα καὶ χαρακτῆρας καὶ διὰ τῆς τῶν οὐρανίων περιφορᾶς ἐποίησεν ἐν οὐρανῷ ὁ θεὸς τοὺς δεδιδαγμένους καὶ διδαχθησομένους ἀναγινώσκειν τὰ σημεῖα τοῦ θεοῦ. Οὐ θαυμαστὸν δὲ καὶ ὑπὲρ ἐνδείξεως τῆς πρὸς τοὺς μακαρίους ποιεῖν τινὰ τὸν θεόν, τῆς γραφῆς λεγούσης τῷ Φαραώ· «Εἰς αὐτὸ τοῦτο ἐξήγειρά σε, ὅπως ἐνδείξωμαι ἐν σοὶ τὴν δύναμίν μου, καὶ ὅπως διαγγελῇ τὸ ὄνομά μου ἐν πάσῃ τῇ γῇ.» Εἰ γὰρ διετηρήθη Φαραὼ ὑπὲρ ἐνδείξεως δυνάμεως θεοῦ καὶ διαγγελίας τοῦ ὀνόματος αὐτοῦ ἐν πάσῃ τῇ γῇ, ἐννόει πόσην ἔνδειξιν δυνάμεως θεοῦ περιέχει τὰ οὐράνια σημεῖα, πάντων τῶν ἀπ' αἰῶνος ἕως συντελείας ἐντετυπωμένων τῇ ἀξίᾳ βίβλῳ τοῦ θεοῦ τῷ οὐρανῷ. ∆εύτερον δὲ στοχάζομαι ταῖς τὰ ἀνθρώπινα οἰκονο μούσαις δυνάμεσιν ἐκκεῖσθαι τὰ σημεῖα, ἵνα τινὰ μὲν γινώσκωσι μόνον, τινὰ δὲ καὶ ἐνεργῶσι· καθάπερ ἐν ταῖς παρ' ἡμῖν βίβλοις ἃ μὲν γέγραπται ἵνα γινώσκωμεν, οἷον τὰ περὶ κοσμοποιΐας καὶ εἴ τινα ἄλλα μυστήρια· ἃ δὲ ἵνα γινώσκοντες ποιῶμεν, ὥσπερ τὰ περὶ τὰς ἐντολὰς καὶ τὰ προστάγματα τοῦ θεοῦ. Ἐνδέχεται δὴ τὰ οὐράνια γράμματα, ἃ ἄγγελοι καὶ δυνάμεις θεῖαι ἀναγινώσκειν καλῶς δύνανται, περιέχειν τινὰ μὲν ἀναγνωσθησόμενα ὑπὸ τῶν ἀγγέλων καὶ λειτουργῶν τοῦ θεοῦ, ἵνα εὐφραίνωνται γινώσκοντες· τινὰ δὲ ὡσπερεὶ ἐντολὰς λαμβάνοντες ποιῶσι. 23.21 Καὶ οὐχ ἁμαρτησόμεθα τὸ ἀνάλογον τοῖς ἐν τῷ νόμῳ λέγοντες ἔχειν τὸν οὐρανὸν καὶ τοὺς ἀστέρας· ἐὰν δὲ χείρονες καὶ ἕτεραι τοῦ ἀνθρώπου ἐνέργειαι ποιῶσί τινα τῶν προεγνωσμένων καὶ σημαινομένων ἐν οὐρανῷ, οὐκ ἀνάγκη καὶ αὐτὰς ἀπὸ τῶν τοῦ θεοῦ γραμμάτων ὑπομιμνη σκομένας ποιεῖν ἃ ἐνεργοῦσιν· ἀλλ' ὥσπερ ἄνθρωποι ἀδικοῦντες, οὐ μανθάνοντες προεγνωκέναι τὸν θεὸν τὸ τόνδε τινὰ ἀδικηθήσεσθαι ὑπ' αὐτῶν, ἐνεργοῦσι τὸ ἀδικεῖν ἐκ τῆς ἑαυτῶν πονηρίας· οὕτως αἱ ἀντικείμεναι δυνάμεις, τοῦ θεοῦ τὴν κακίαν τῶν τὰ μοχθηρὰ βουλομένων ἀνθρώπων καὶ δυναμέων προεγνωκότος, τῇ ἰδίᾳ αἰσχίστῃ ἐπιτελοῦσι προαιρέσει. Οἱ μέντοι ἱεροὶ ἄγγελοι, τὰ λειτουργικὰ πνεύματα τὰ εἰς διακονίαν ἀποστελλόμενα, εἰκὸς ὅτι, ὡς ἀπὸ νόμου θεοῦ γεγραμμένων τὰ προστάγματα λαμβάνοντες, τεταγμέ νως καὶ ὅτε δεῖ καὶ ὡς δεῖ καὶ ὅσον δεῖ ποιοῦσι τὰ κρείττονα· ἄτοπον γὰρ αὐτοὺς θείους ὄντας ἀποκληρωτικῶς καὶ <οὐχ> ὡρισμένως ἔρχεσθαι ἐπὶ τὸ φέρ' εἰπεῖν χρηματίσαι τι τῷ Ἀβραάμ, καὶ ποιῆσαί τι τῷ Ἰσαάκ, καὶ ῥύσασθαι ἐκ κινδύνου τὸν Ἰακώβ, ἢ ἐπιστῆναι τῷ πνεύματι τοῦδε τοῦ προφήτου. Ἵνα οὖν μὴ ἀποκληρωτικῶς μηδὲ κατὰ συντυχίαν τοῦτο πράττωσιν,