to robbers. For just as it is their custom to take some captive, then to restore the same ones to their families for a ransom, so also the so-called gods, visiting the limbs of some, then through dreams contriving glory for themselves, and having commanded such persons to come forth in public in the sight of all, when they have enjoyed the encomiums, flying away from the sick, they put an end to the disease they had contrived, and restore the men to their former state. 19.1 But you, not having the comprehension of these things, are taught by us who know, *** saying you despise death and practice self-sufficiency. For the philosophers among you are so far from this discipline that some receive six hundred gold pieces annually from the Roman emperor for no useful purpose, except that they might not even have their beards hanging down for free. Crescens, at any rate, who made his nest in the great city, surpassed all in pederasty, and was very given to avarice. And this despiser of death so feared death himself that he schemed to inflict an evil death on Justin, and on me as well, because in preaching the truth he convicted the philosophers of being gluttons and impostors. And whom 19.2 should the philosopher have persecuted, if not you alone? Wherefore if you say that one should not fear death, do not die for the sake of human vainglory, like Anaxarchus, by partaking in our doctrines, but for the sake of the knowledge of God become despisers of death. For the constitution of the world is beautiful, but the way of life in it is worthless; and just as in a festival it is possible to see those who do not know God being duped by theatricals. For what is divination? And why are you deceived by it? It is a servant to your worldly covetousness. You want to make war, and you take Apollo as your counselor for murders; you want to seize a maiden, and you choose the little demon to contend on your behalf; you are sick through 19.3 your own fault and, like Agamemnon, you want gods to be with you as _t_e_n_ _c_o_u_n_s_e_l_o_r_s_. A certain woman drinks water and goes mad, and through incense becomes frenzied, and you say such a one prophesies. Apollo was a foreknower and a teacher of diviners; in the case of Daphne he proved himself false. An oak, tell me, prophesies, and again birds foretell, and are you inferior to animals and plants? It would be a fine thing for you, then, to become a divining piece of wood and to interpret the flight of birds of the air. The one who makes you a lover of money, this one also divines for you about becoming rich; the one who stirs up seditions and battles also foretells of victory in war. If you should be superior to the passions, you will despise all things in the world. 19.4 Do not detest us for being such people, but having renounced the demons, follow the only God. _A_l_l_ _t_h_i_n_g_s_ _w_e_r_e_ _m_a_d_e_ _t_h_r_o_u_g_h_ _h_i_m_, _a_n_d_ _w_i_t_h_o_u_t_ _h_i_m_ _w_a_s_ _m_a_d_e_ _n_o_t_ _e_v_e_n_ _o_n_e_ _t_h_i_n_g_. But if there is poison in growing things, this has happened because of our sinfulness. I am able to show the economy of these things; you listen, and he who believes will understand. 20.1 And if you are healed by medicines (I permit you this by way of concession), you must attribute the testimony to God. For the world still drags us down, and through weakness I seek after matter. For the wing of the soul is the perfect Spirit, which, having cast it off on account of sin, cowered like a fledgling and became earth-bound; and having departed from the heavenly company, it longed for a share in lesser things. For the demons were removed, and the first-formed humans were exiled; and the ones were cast down from heaven, the others from earth—but not from this one, but from a better constitution than the one here. And it is necessary, therefore, for us, longing for our original state, to renounce everything that stands in our way. For heaven is not without limit, O 20.2 man, but is finite and has an end; and the worlds above it are the better ones, not having a change of seasons, through which various diseases are established, but partaking of every good climate, they have a day that abides and

λῃσταῖς. ὥσπερ γὰρ ἐκείνοις ἔθος ἐστὶ ζωγρεῖν τινας, εἶτα τοὺς αὐτοὺς μισθοῦ τοῖς οἰκείοις ἀποκαθιστᾶν, οὕτω καὶ οἱ νομιζόμενοι θεοὶ τοῖς τινων ἐπιφοιτῶντες μέλεσιν, ἔπειτα δι' ὀνείρων τὴν εἰς αὑτοὺς πραγματευόμενοι δόξαν δημοσίᾳ τε τοὺς τοιούτους προϊέναι κελεύσαντες πάντων ὁρώντων, ἐπειδὰν τῶν ἐγκωμίων ἀπολαύσωσιν, ἀποπτάμενοι τῶν καμνόντων, ἣν ἐπραγματεύσαντο νόσον περιγράφοντες, τοὺς ἀνθρώπους εἰς τὸ ἀρχαῖον ἀποκαθιστῶσιν. 19.1 Ὑμεῖς δὲ τούτων οὐκ ἔχοντες τὴν κατάληψιν παρ' ἡμῶν τῶν εἰδότων ἐκπαιδεύεσθε, *** λέγοντες θανάτου καταφρονεῖν καὶ τὴν αὐτάρκειαν ἀσκεῖν. οἱ γὰρ παρ' ὑμῖν φιλόσοφοι τοσοῦτον ἀποδέουσι τῆς ἀσκήσεως ὥστε παρὰ τοῦ Ῥωμαίων βασιλέως ἐτησίους χρυσοῦς ἑξακοσίους λαμβάνειν τινὰς εἰς οὐδὲν χρήσιμον ἢ ὅπως μηδὲ τὸ γένειον δωρεὰν καθειμένον αὑτῶν ἔχωσιν. Κρίσκης γοῦν ὁ ἐννεοττεύσας τῇ μεγάλῃ πόλει παιδεραστίᾳ μὲν πάντας ὑπερήνεγκεν, φιλαργυρίᾳ δὲ πάνυ προσεχὴς ἦν. θανάτου δὲ ὁ καταφρονῶν οὕτως αὐτὸς ἐδεδίει τὸν θάνατον ὡς καὶ Ἰουστῖνον καθάπερ καὶ ἐμὲ ὡς κακῷ τῷ θανάτῳ περιβαλεῖν πραγματεύσασθαι, διότι κηρύττων τὴν ἀλήθειαν λίχνους καὶ ἀπατεῶνας τοὺς φιλοσόφους συνήλεγχεν. τίνας δ' 19.2 ἂν καὶ ἔδει διῶξαι τὸν φιλόσοφον εἰ μὴ μόνους ὑμᾶς; ὅθεν εἴ φατε μὴ δεῖν δεδιέναι τὸν θάνατον, κοινωνοῦντες ἡμῶν τοῖς δόγμασι μὴ διὰ τὴν ἀνθρωπίνην δοξομανίαν, ὡς Ἀνάξαρχος, ἀποθνήσκετε, χάριν δὲ τῆς τοῦ θεοῦ γνώσεως τοῦ θανάτου καταφρονηταὶ γίνεσθε. κόσμου μὲν γὰρ ἡ κατασκευὴ καλή, τὸ δὲ ἐν αὐτῷ πολίτευμα φαῦλον· καὶ καθάπερ ἐν πανηγύρει θεατροκοπουμένους ἔνεστιν ἰδεῖν τοὺς οὐκ εἰδότας τὸν θεόν. τί γάρ ἐστι μαντική; τί δὲ ὑπ' αὐτῆς πεπλάνησθε; τῶν ἐν κόσμῳ πλεονεξιῶν ἐστί σοι διάκονος. πολεμεῖν θέλεις καὶ τῶν φόνων λαμβάνεις σύμβουλον τὸν Ἀπόλλω· κόρην ἁρπάσαι θέλεις καὶ τὸ δαιμόνιόν σοι συναγωνίσασθαι προαιρῇ· νοσεῖς διὰ 19.3 σεαυτὸν καί, ὥσπερ Ἀγαμέμνων _δ_έ_κ_α_ _σ_υ_μ_φ_ρ_ά_δ_μ_ο_ν_α_ς, εἶναι θέλεις μετὰ σεαυτοῦ θεούς. πιοῦσά τις ὕδωρ μαίνεται καὶ διὰ λιβάνων ἔκφρων γίνεται, καὶ σὺ τὴν τοιαύτην μαντεύεσθαι λέγεις. προγνώστης ὑπῆρχεν ὁ Ἀπόλλων καὶ τῶν μαντευομένων διδάσκαλος· ἐπὶ τῆς ∆άφνης ἑαυτὸν ἐψεύσατο. δρῦς, εἰπέ μοι, μαντεύεται καὶ πάλιν ὄρνιθες προαγορεύουσι, σὺ δὲ τῶν ζώων καὶ φυτῶν ἐλάττων ὑπάρχεις; καλὸν ἄρα σοι γενέσθαι ξύλῳ μαντικῷ καὶ τῶν ἀεροφοίτων τὴν πτῆσιν λαμβάνειν. ὁ ποιῶν σε φιλάργυρον, οὗτος καὶ περὶ τοῦ πλουτεῖν σοι μαντεύεται· στάσεις καὶ μάχας ὁ ἐγείρων καὶ περὶ τῆς ἐν πολέμῳ νίκης προαγορεύει. τῶν παθῶν ἂν ὑπάρχῃς ἀνώτερος, τῶν ἐν τῷ κόσμῳ πάντων 19.4 καταφρονήσεις. τοιούτους ἡμᾶς ὄντας μὴ ἀποστυγήσητε, ἀλλὰ παραιτησάμενοι τοὺς δαίμονας θεῷ τῷ μόνῳ κατακολουθήσατε. _π_ά_ν_τ_α_ _ὑ_π_'_ _α_ὐ_τ_ο_ῦ_ _κ_α_ὶ_ _χ_ω_ρ_ὶ_ς_ _α_ὐ_τ_ο_ῦ_ _γ_έ_γονεν οὐδὲ ἕν. εἰ δὲ ἔστιν ἐν τοῖς φυομένοις δηλητήριον, τοῦτο διὰ τὸ ἐνάμαρτον ἡμῶν ἐπισυμβέβηκεν. ἔχω δεικνύειν τὴν τούτων οἰκονομίαν· ὑμεῖς κατακούσατε, καὶ ὁ πιστεύων ἐπιγνώσεται. 20.1 Κἂν θεραπεύησθε φαρμάκοις (κατὰ συγγνώμην ἐπιτρέπω σοι), τὴν μαρτυρίαν προσάπτειν σε δεῖ τῷ θεῷ. κόσμος γὰρ ἡμᾶς ἔτι καθέλκει, καὶ δι' ἀτονίαν τὴν ὕλην ἐπιζητῶ. πτέρωσις γὰρ ἡ τῆς ψυχῆς πνεῦμα τὸ τέλειον, ὅπερ ἀπορρίψασα διὰ τὴν ἁμαρτίαν ἔπτηξεν ὥσπερ νεοσσὸς καὶ χαμαιπετὴς ἐγένετο, μεταβᾶσα δὲ τῆς οὐρανίου συνουσίας τῶν ἐλαττόνων μετουσίαν ἐπεπόθησεν. μετῳκίσθησαν γὰρ οἱ δαίμονες, ἐξωρίσθησαν δὲ οἱ πρωτόπλαστοι· καὶ οἱ μὲν ἀπ' οὐρανοῦ κατεβλήθησαν, οἱ δὲ ἀπὸ γῆς μὲν ἀλλ' οὐκ ἐκ ταύτης, κρείττονος δὲ τῆς ἐνταυθοῖ διακοσμήσεως. καὶ χρὴ λοιπὸν ἡμᾶς ἐπιποθήσαντας τὸ ἀρχαῖον παραιτήσασθαι πᾶν τὸ ἐμποδὼν γινόμενον. οὐκ ἔστι γὰρ ἄπειρος ὁ οὐρανός, ὦ 20.2 ἄνθρωπε, πεπερασμένος δὲ καὶ ἐν τέρματι· τὰ δὲ ὑπὲρ τοῦτον αἰῶνες οἱ κρείττονες οὐ μεταβολὴν ὡρῶν ἔχοντες, δι' ὧν ποικίλαι νόσοι καθίστανται, πάσης δὲ εὐκρασίας μετειληφότες ἡμέραν ἔχουσι διαμένουσαν καὶ