11

having summoned all the nations under his rule, he said that he was in need of money, and that this was the time in which it was fitting for each one 1.14.3 to show his voluntary goodwill toward their king. Those who heard, as if having long made this a prayer to show their good zeal, with speed and haste filled the treasuries with gold and silver and other monies, surpassing one another 1.14.4 in their rivalry for the greater amount, and they did this with bright and smiling faces. When this was done, Constantius ordered those who had come from the great king to be eyewitnesses of the treasures. Then he commanded them to report the testimony of what they had received by sight to the one who had reproached him for poverty, adding to the account that these things were not prepared from lamentations nor from unjust greed, and that while he had now collected them by him, for a long time they had been kept for him by the owners of the monies as if by faithful guardians of deposits. 1.14.5 Wonder, therefore, seized them at this deed, and the story holds that the most philanthropic emperor, after their departure, summoned the owners of the money and said that, having received everything back, they should go home, commending the men for their obedience and good will. 1.14.6 This is one deed of the man we are describing that offers a proof of his philanthropy; the other 1.15.1 would contain clear testimony of his piety toward the divine. For throughout the whole earth the rulers in each nation were persecuting the godly by command of the emperors; and starting from the imperial households themselves, first of all, did the God-beloved martyrs go through their contests for piety? most zealously enduring fire and sword and the depths of the sea and every manner of death, so that in a short time the palaces everywhere were bereft of godly men; which indeed especially made the perpetrators destitute of the oversight of God. For at the same time as they drove out the godly, they also cast out the prayers on their behalf. But to Constantius alone, it seems, did a certain wisdom of pious reasoning occur, and he does a thing paradoxical to hear, but most wonderful to do. For to all the imperial officials under him, from his own household servants up to the governors in authority, a choice was proposed, and he gives the signal: either to sacrifice to the demons and be permitted to remain with him and to partake of the customary honors, or, not doing this, to be shut out from access to him and to be cast out and to depart from his acquaintance and intimacy. 1.16.2 When, therefore, they were divided into both groups, some being partitioned on this side and some on that, and the manner of each one's choice was tested, then at last the wonderful man, revealing the hidden point of his stratagem, condemned the cowardice and self-love of the one group, but warmly approved the conscience toward God of the other. And then he declared that the first, as traitors to God, were not worthy of the emperor either; for how could those who were found faithless concerning the higher power ever keep faith with the emperor? Therefore he legislated that these must be driven far from the imperial household, but those who were testified to by the truth as worthy of God, he said would be similar also with regard to the emperor, and he appointed them as bodyguards and protectors of the kingdom itself, saying that such men ought to be treated as first and necessary among his friends and household, and to be valued by him more highly than great storehouses of treasures. 1.17.1 But what sort of man the father of Constantine is remembered to be has been shown in brief. And what sort of end followed for him, having been proven to be such a man with respect to God, and how great a difference the God honored by him showed between him and the partners of his rule, one may learn by applying his mind 1.17.2 to the nature of the events. For since he had given proofs of imperial virtue for a long time, knowing only the God who is over all and having condemned the polytheism of the atheists, and had fortified his whole house with the prayers of holy men, he for the rest accomplished a well-ordered and untroubled course of life, such as they say 1.17.3 is happiness itself, to neither have troubles nor to another

11

ἁπάντων τῶν ὑπὸ τῇ βασιλείᾳ συγκαλέσας ἐθνῶν, χρημάτων ἔφη δεῖσθαι, καὶ τοῦτον εἶναι καιρόν, ἐν ᾧ προσήκειν ἕκαστον 1.14.3 αὐτοπροαίρετον εὔνοιαν πρὸς τὸν σφῶν ἐνδείξασθαι βασιλέα. τοὺς δ' ἀκούσαντας, ὥσπερ εὐχὴν ταύτην ἐκ μακροῦ θεμένους τὴν ἀγαθὴν ἐνδείξασθαι προθυμίαν, σὺν τάχει τε καὶ σπουδῇ χρυσοῦ τε καὶ ἀργύρου καὶ τῶν λοιπῶν χρημάτων τοὺς θησαυροὺς ἐμπλῆσαι, τῇ τοῦ πλείονος ὑπερβάλλοντας ἀλλή1.14.4 λους φιλοτιμίᾳ, τοῦτό τε πρᾶξαι σὺν φαιδροῖς καὶ μειδιῶσι προσώποις. οὗ δὴ γενομένου Κωνστάντιος τοὺς παρὰ τοῦ μεγάλου βασιλέως ἥκοντας αὐτόπτας γενέσθαι τῶν θησαυρῶν ἐκέλευσεν. εἶθ' ὧν ὄψει παρέλαβον τὴν μαρτυρίαν προσέταττε διακονήσασθαι τῷ πενίαν αὐτῷ καταμεμψαμένῳ, ἐπιθέντας τῷ λόγῳ, ταῦτα μὴ ἀπὸ γόων μηδ' ἐξ ἀδίκου πλεονεξίας εἶναι παρεσκευασμένα, καὶ νῦν μὲν ἀθροῖσαι παρ' ἑαυτῷ ταῦτα, πάλαι δ' αὐτῷ παρὰ τοῖς τῶν χρημάτων δεσπόταις οἷα δὴ ὑπὸ πιστοῖς παραθηκοφύλαξι φυλάτ1.14.5 τεσθαι. τοὺς μὲν οὖν θαῦμα κατεῖχε τῆς πράξεως, βασιλέα δὲ τὸν φιλανθρωπότατον μετὰ τὴν τούτων ἀποχώρησιν τοὺς τῶν χρημάτων μεταστέλλεσθαι κυρίους, πάντα δ' ἀπολαβόντας οἴκαδε φάναι ἀπιέναι κατέχει λόγος, πειθοῦς καὶ ἀγαθῆς εὐνοίας τοὺς ἄνδρας ἀποδεξάμενον. 1.14.6 Μία μὲν ἥδε φιλανθρωπίας δεῖγμα φέρουσα τοῦ δηλουμένου πρᾶξις· θατέρα 1.15.1 δὲ τῆς πρὸς τὸ θεῖον ὁσίας περιέχοι ἂν ἐμφανῆ μαρτυρίαν. ἤλαυνον μὲν γὰρ ἁπανταχοῦ γῆς τοὺς θεοσεβεῖς ἐξ ἐπιτάγματος τῶν κρατούντων οἱ κατ' ἔθνος ἄρχοντες· ἐξ αὐτῶν δὲ βασιλείων οἴκων ὁρμώμενοι πρώτιστοι πάντων τοὺς ὑπὲρ εὐσεβείας ἀγῶνας οἱ θεοφιλεῖς διῆλθον μάρτυρες; πῦρ καὶ σίδηρον καὶ θαλάττης βυθοὺς πάντα τε θανάτου τρόπον προθυμότατα διακαρτεροῦντες, ὡς ἐν βραχεῖ τὰ πανταχοῦ βασίλεια θεοσεβῶν χηρεῦσαι ἀνδρῶν· ὃ δὴ καὶ μάλιστα τῆς τοῦ θεοῦ ἐπισκοπῆς ἐρήμους τοὺς δρῶντας εἰργάζετο. ὁμοῦ γὰρ τῷ τοὺς θεοσεβεῖς ἐλαύνειν καὶ τὰς ὑπὲρ αὐτῶν ἐξεδίωκον εὐχάς. μόνῳ δ' ἄρα Κωνσταντίῳ σοφία τις εὐσεβοῦς ὑπεισῄει λογισμοῦ, καὶ πρᾶγμα πράττει παράδοξον μὲν ἀκοῦσαι πρᾶξαι δὲ θαυμασιώτατον. τοῖς γὰρ ὑπ' αὐτῷ βασιλικοῖς ἅπασιν ἐξ αὐτῶν οἰκείων μέχρι καὶ τῶν ἐπ' ἐξουσίας ἀρχόντων αἱρέσεως προταθείσης, σύνθημα δίδωσιν ἢ θύσασι τοῖς δαίμοσιν ἐξεῖναι παρ' αὐτῷ μένειν καὶ τῶν συνήθων μεταλαγχάνειν τιμῶν, ἢ μὴ τοῦτο πράξασι τῶν πρὸς ἑαυτὸν ἀποκεκλεῖσθαι παρόδων ἐξωθεῖσθαί τε καὶ ἀποχωρεῖν τῆς αὐτοῦ γνώσεώς τε καὶ οἰκειό1.16.2 τητος. ἐπειδὴ οὖν διεκρίνοντο εἰς ἀμφότερα, οἱ μὲν ὡς τούσδε οἱ δ' ὡς ἐκείνους μεριζόμενοι, ἠλέγχετό τε ὁ τῆς ἑκάστου προαιρέσεως τρόπος, ἐνταῦθα λοιπὸν ὁ θαυμάσιος τὸ λεληθὸς τοῦ σοφίσματος ἀνακαλύψας τῶν μὲν δειλίαν καὶ φιλαυτίαν κατεγίνωσκε, τοὺς δὲ τῆς πρὸς τὸν θεὸν συνειδήσεως εὖ μάλα ἀπεδέχετο. κἄπειτα τοὺς μὲν ὡς ἂν θεοῦ προδότας μηδὲ βασιλέως εἶναι ἀξίους ἀπέφαινε· πῶς γὰρ ἄν ποτε βασιλεῖ πίστιν φυλάξαι τοὺς περὶ τὸ κρεῖττον ἁλόντας ἀγνώμονας; διὸ καὶ βασιλικῶν οἴκων μακρὰν ἐλαύνεσθαι δεῖν τούτους ἐνομοθέτει, τοὺς δὲ πρὸς τῆς ἀληθείας μαρτυρηθέντας θεοῦ ἀξίους ὁμοίους καὶ περὶ βασιλέα εἰπὼν ἔσεσθαι, σωματοφύλακας καὶ αὐτῆς βασιλείας φρουροὺς κατέταττεν, ἐν πρώτοις καὶ ἀναγκαίοις φίλων τε καὶ οἰκείων χρῆναι φήσας τοὺς τοιούτους δεῖν περιέπειν καὶ μᾶλλον αὐτοὺς ἢ μεγάλων ταμεῖα θησαυρῶν περὶ πολλοῦ τιμᾶσθαι. 1.17.1 Ἀλλ' οἷος μὲν ὁ Κωνσταντίνου πατὴρ μνημονεύεται, ὡς ἐν βραχέσι δεδήλωται. ὁποῖον δ' αὐτῷ τοιῷδε περὶ τὸν θεὸν ἀποδειχθέντι παρηκολούθησε τέλος, καὶ ἐν πόσῳ τὸ διαλλάττον αὐτοῦ τε καὶ τῶν κοινωνῶν τῆς βασιλείας ὁ πρὸς αὐτοῦ τιμηθεὶς θεὸς διέδειξε, μάθοι ἄν τις τῇ τῶν πραγμάτων τὸν 1.17.2 νοῦν ἐπιστήσας φύσει. ἐπειδὴ γὰρ βασιλικῆς ἀρετῆς δοκίμια μακρῷ δεδώκει χρόνῳ, μόνον μὲν θεὸν εἰδὼς τὸν ἐπὶ πάντων τῆς δὲ τῶν ἀθέων κατεγνωκὼς πολυθεΐας, εὐχαῖς θ' ἁγίων ἀνδρῶν πάντα τὸν αὐτοῦ περιεφράξατο οἶκον, εὐσταλῆ λοιπὸν καὶ ἀτάραχον τῆς ζωῆς διεξήνυε τὸν βίον, οἷον αὐτὸ δὴ 1.17.3 τὸ μακάριον εἶναί φασι τὸ μήτε πράγματα ἔχειν μήτ' ἄλλῳ