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with the cares of the wars, having honored his own cousin Gallus with the rank of Caesar and having betrothed his own sister Constantia to him, he sent him out to the East, to check the Persian attacks. So Gallus Caesar, having been proclaimed in this manner, went away to the East, taking his wife with him; but 40 Constantius departed for the war against Magnentius. And so that the Romans might not be defiled by civil battles and mutual slaughter, he decided it was necessary to invite the tyrant to terms. Therefore he sends to him men of distinction and writes letters to him, giving pardon for his audacity, if he would refrain from arms, and ceding the Gauls to him, so that he might rule them and be confined to them. But he, having no moderate thoughts, did not accept the things offered to him by Constantius without a struggle, but chose war; and he advanced against him all the more quickly, because Silvanus, one of his commanders, having left him with a multitude of soldiers, came over to Constantius the emperor. And when they had already approached each other and encamped opposite one another, Constantius aroused his own soldiers to valor with speeches and Magnentius exhorted his own men to prove themselves faithful and good, promising them many things. And having been drawn up in battle lines opposite each other, they passed the greater part of the day inactive, with neither side attacking the opposing party. But Magnentius also used sorceries; for a certain sorceress suggested to him to sacrifice a virgin 41 and to mix her blood with wine and to give it to his soldiers to taste, while she uttered certain incantations over these things and invoked the aid of demons. And just as the day was declining, the armies clashed with one another, and after the battle had many turns of fortune, at last victory smiled upon Constantius, and until deep night the men of Magnentius were cut down and perished; and so, as the tide of war turned against the tyrant, he looked to flight. And so that he might not be recognized while fleeing by the royal insignia, he takes these off and puts on the dress of a private citizen, and having placed the insignia on the royal horse, he let it run free, so that he himself might be thought by those seeing the horse running without its rider to have been killed, and might not be pursued by anyone. So in this way he escaped; but in the morning Constantius, having ascended a certain hill and having seen the plain lying beside it, and indeed also the river flowing by, full of corpses, was brought to open tears, not so much rejoicing because of the victory as being grieved by the destruction of the fallen. for it is said that of 42 his men, about thirty thousand fell, their total number being eighty thousand, and of the men of Magnentius, there being thirty-six thousand, twenty-four thousand were destroyed. Immediately, therefore, he ordered all the slain among the fallen to be deemed worthy of burial, without distinguishing between his own men or the enemy's, and those still breathing to receive care and medical treatment. But Magnentius, having escaped, as has been said, both gathered the survivors from his own men and collected others and tried to rally himself again. And he also sent to Constantius a certain senator as an ambassador, whom Constantius confined, thinking that under the name of an embassy he would act as a spy and pry into his affairs. But Magnentius again used bishops for an embassy, seeking to be pardoned, so that in the capacity of a soldier he might serve with the emperor. But Constantius made no reply to this embassy, and allowed the ambassadors to depart without success. And he departed, having set 43 the army in motion, and many of those under Magnentius came over to him, surrendering both themselves and their forts. But Magnentius, despairing of receiving pardon, prepared for war and, while spending time in the Gauls, gathered multitudes. And in order to surround the emperor with cares and to distract him from himself to other matters, he sent a certain person

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τῶν πολέμων φροντίσι Γάλλον τὸν οἰκεῖον ἐξάδελφον τιμήσας τῇ ἀξίᾳ τοῦ Καίσαρος καὶ τὴν ἑαυτοῦ ἀδελφὴν Κωνσταντίαν κατεγγυήσας αὐτῷ εἰς τὴν ἑῴαν ἐξέπεμψε, τὰς ἐφόδους τὰς Περσικὰς ἀνακόψοντα. Ὁ μὲν οὖν Γάλλος Καῖσαρ τὸν τρόπον τοῦτον ἀναρρηθεὶς ἐπὶ τὴν ἑῴαν ἀπῄει, καὶ τὴν σύζυγον ἐπαγόμενος· ὁ δέ γε 40 Κωνστάντιος εἰς τὸν κατὰ Μαγνεντίου ἀνεχώρησε πόλεμον. ἵνα δὲ μὴ μάχαις ἐμφυλίοις καὶ σφαγαῖς ἀλλήλων οἱ Ῥωμαῖοι μιαίνοιντο, δεῖν ἔκρινεν εἰς συμβάσεις τὸν τύραννον προκαλέσασθαι. στέλλει τοίνυν πρὸς αὐτὸν ἄνδρας τῶν ἐπιφανῶν καὶ γράμματα δ' ἐγχαράττει αὐτῷ, συγγνώμην διδοὺς ἐπὶ τῷ τολμήματι, εἰ τῶν ὅπλων ἀπόσχοιτο, καὶ παραχωρῶν αὐτῷ τῶν Γαλλιῶν, ἵνα τούτων ἄρχῃ καὶ ταύταις περιορίζηται. ὁ δὲ οὐδέν τι φρονῶν μέτριον οὐ προσήκατο τὰ παρὰ τοῦ Κωνσταντίου ἀπραγμόνως αὐτῷ παρεχόμενα, ἀλλὰ τὸν πόλεμον εἵλετο· καὶ μᾶλλον σὺν τάχει πρὸς τοῦτον ἐχώρησεν, ὅτι Σιλβανός, εἷς τις τῶν αὐτοῦ ταξιάρχων, μετὰ πλήθους ὁπλιτῶν ἐκεῖνον λιπὼν Κωνσταντίῳ προσῆλθε τῷ αὐτοκράτορι. ἤδη δὲ πλησιασάντων ἀλλήλοις καὶ ἀντιστρατοπεδευσαμένων, ὅ τε Κωνστάντιος τοὺς οἰκείους στρατιώτας λόγοις διήγειρεν εἰς ἀλκὴν καὶ ὁ Μαγνέντιος τοὺς ἑαυτοῦ παρεκάλει ἄνδρας φανῆναι πιστούς τε καὶ ἀγαθούς, πολλὰ σφίσιν ἐπαγγελλόμενος. ἀντιπαραταξάμενοι δὲ τὸ μὲν πλεῖστον τῆς ἡμέρας ἀπρακτοῦντες διήγαγον, μηδενὸς τῷ ἀντιπαρατεταγμένῳ μέρει ἐπεξιόντος. ὁ δὲ Μαγνέντιος καὶ γοητείαις ἐχρήσατο· γυνὴ γάρ τις μάγος παρθένον αὐτῷ σφαγιάσαι ὑπέθετο 41 καὶ οἴνῳ τὸ ταύτης αἷμα προσμίξαι καὶ δοῦναι τοῖς στρατιώταις αὐτοῦ ἀπογεύσασθαι, ἐπὶ τούτοις ἐκείνης ἐπῳδὰς εἰπούσης τινὰς καὶ δαιμόνων ἐπικαλουμένης ἐπικουρίαν. ἄρτι δὲ τῆς ἡμέρας κλινάσης ἀλλήλοις συνερράγησαν τὰ στρατεύματα, καὶ πολλὰς τῆς μάχης σχούσης μεταβολὰς τέλος ἡ νίκη τῷ Κωνσταντίῳ ἐπεμειδίασε, καὶ μέχρι βαθείας νυκτὸς συνεκόπτοντο οἱ τοῦ Μαγνεντίου καὶ ἀπώλλυντο· οὕτω δὲ τῆς τοῦ πολέμου ῥοπῆς τῷ τυράννῳ συνενεχθείσης, εἰς φυγὴν ἐκεῖνος ἀπεῖδεν. ἵνα δὲ μὴ τοῖς βασιλικοῖς παρασήμοις φεύγων γνωρίζοιτο, ἀποτίθεται ταῦτα καὶ ἰδιωτικὴν ἀναλαμβάνει στολὴν καὶ τῷ βασιλείῳ ἵππῳ τὰ παράσημα ἐπιθέμενος ἄνετον ἀφῆκε τρέχειν αὐτόν, ἵνα νομίζοιτο πρὸς τῶν ὁρώντων τὸν ἵππον θέοντα τοῦ ἐπιβάτου χωρὶς ἀνῃρημένος αὐτὸς καὶ μὴ καταδιώκοιτο πρός τινων. ὁ μὲν οὖν οὕτω διέδρα· ἕωθεν δὲ ὁ Κωνστάντιος ἐπί τινος ἀναβὰς λόφου καὶ τὴν παρακειμένην πεδιάδα, ἀλλὰ μὴν καὶ τὸν παραρρέοντα ποταμὸν νεκρῶν ἰδὼν γέμοντα, εἰς φανερὰ κατήνεκτο δάκρυα, οὐ μᾶλλον διὰ τὴν νίκην ἡδόμενος ὅσον διὰ τὸν τῶν πεσόντων δακνόμενος ὄλεθρον. λέγονται γὰρ ἐκ μὲν 42 τῶν ἐκείνου περὶ τριάκοντα πεσεῖν χιλιάδας, ἁπασῶν ἀριθμουμένων εἰς ὀγδοήκοντα, ἐκ δὲ τῶν Μαγνεντίου τριάκοντα καὶ ἓξ οὐσῶν χιλιάδων διαφθαρῆναι τὰς εἴκοσι πρὸς ταῖς τέσσαρσιν. αὐτίκα τοίνυν τοὺς μὲν ἀνῃρημένους τῶν πεσόντων ταφῆς ἀξιωθῆναι πάντας ἐκέλευσε, μὴ διακρινομένων τῶν οἰκείων ἢ τῶν πολεμίων, τοὺς δ' ἔτι ἐμπνέοντας ἐπιμελείας τυχεῖν καὶ ἰατρικῆς θεραπεία. ∆ιαδρὰς δέ, ὡς εἴρηται, Μαγνέντιος τούς τε περισωθέντας ἐκ τῶν οἰκείων ἤθροιζε καὶ ἄλλους συνέλεγε καὶ αὖθις ἐπαναλαμβάνειν ἑαυτὸν ἐπειρᾶτο. ἔστειλε δὲ καὶ πρὸς τὸν Κωνστάντιον συγκλητικόν τινα πρεσβεύσοντα, ὃν ὁ Κωνστάντιος οἰηθεὶς τῷ τῆς πρεσβείας ὀνόματι κατασκοπήσοντα καὶ τὰ κατ' αὐτὸν περιεργασόμενον, περιώρισεν. ὁ δὲ Μαγνέντιος ἐπισκόποις αὖθις εἰς πρεσβείαν ἐχρήσατο, συγγνωμονηθῆναι ζητῶν, ἵν' ἐν στρατιώτου μοίρᾳ τῷ βασιλεῖ συστρατεύοιτο. ἀλλ' οὐδὲν πρὸς τὴν πρεσβείαν ταύτην ἀνταπεκρίνατο ὁ Κωνστάντιος, ἀφῆκε δὲ τοὺς πρέσβεις ἀπράκτους ἀπελθεῖν. κἀκεῖνος ἀπῄει κινήσας 43 τὸ στράτευμα, καὶ πολλοὶ τῶν ὑπὸ Μαγνέντιον αὐτῷ προσῄεσαν ἑαυτούς τε καὶ τὰ φρούρια ἐγχειρίζοντες. Μαγνέντιος δὲ ἀπογνοὺς τοῦ συγγνώμης τυχεῖν πρὸς πόλεμον ἡτοιμάζετο καὶ ἐν Γαλλίαις διάγων πλήθη συνήθροιζεν. ἵνα δὲ φροντίσι περιβάλῃ τὸν αὐτοκράτορα καὶ ἐξ ἑαυτοῦ ἀντιπερισπάσῃ πρὸς ἕτερα, ἔπεμψέ τινα