11

good, the Paraclete, that which proceeded from God, not begotten; for there is one Only-Begotten; nor indeed created; for nowhere do we find it numbered with creation in the divine Scripture, but ranked with the Father and the Son; we have heard that it proceeds from the Father, and we do not question how it proceeds, but we are content with the definitions set for us by the theologians and blessed men.

20. That the Spirit is ranked with the Father and the Son. For we have been taught by our Savior Jesus Christ himself, that the Holy Spirit completes the Trinity; ‘For go,’ he says, ‘make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Spirit;’ and being testified to with the Father and the Son, it is above all creation. Wherefore also the blessed Paul continually preaches it with the Father and the Son; ‘For the grace,’ he says, ‘of our Lord 75.1177 Jesus, and the love of God the Father, and the fellowship of the Holy Spirit be with you all.’

21. Proof of the Spirit’s lordship. And again: ‘Now there are varieties of gifts, but the same Spirit; and there are varieties of ministries, but the same Lord; and there are varieties of activities, but it is the same God who works all things in all people.’ And proclaiming its authority, he cried out: ‘But one and the same Spirit works all these things, distributing to each one individually; as he wills, he distributes the gifts to the believers.’ For through it we received release from sins; through it we obtain freedom; through it we enjoy the gift of adoption; ‘For we did not receive a Spirit,’ says Paul, ‘of slavery to fall back into fear, but we have received a Spirit of adoption, in whom we cry, Abba, Father.’ And elsewhere: ‘For the law of the Spirit of life has set me free from the law of sin and of death.’ And from another place: ‘Now the Lord is the Spirit; and where the Spirit of the Lord is, there is freedom;’ but that which frees others, does not serve; for how could it give to fellow servants what it does not partake of, what it is not able to obtain, what it wishes, as is likely, to enjoy, but is not able? But if it imparts freedom to the believers, and frees those who are enslaved, it clearly does not serve, but is Lord, and in a lordly manner bestows freedom on whom it wills; wherefore also the blessed Paul said, that ‘All these are activated by one and the same Spirit, who allots to each one individually just as he wishes.’ Wherefore also the prophet in the Old Testament, proclaiming its authority, cried out: ‘The Lord has sent me, and his Spirit.’ And God, reproaching the Jews: ‘He has made,’ he says, ‘a plan, but not through me, and covenants, but not through my Spirit;’ showing the Holy Spirit to be a sharer of the lordship. And from another place: ‘Therefore,’ he says, ‘I am with you, and my Spirit stands in your midst.’

22. That the Paraclete is creator. And Job, believing it to be creator and lordly, but not ministerial, nor a creature; ‘The divine Spirit,’ he says, ‘is that which made me, and the breath of the Almighty is that which teaches me.’ But if it created human nature, it has the same essence as the Father and the Son; for in the making of man God said: ‘Let us make man in our image, and after our likeness.’ And of those whose image is one, of these clearly the essence is also one.

23. That the Holy Spirit is from God. That the Holy Spirit is of the divine essence, 75.1180 God himself teaches us through the prophet Joel, saying: ‘In the last days, I will pour out of my Spirit upon all flesh.’ And the Lord Christ teaches us, saying to his disciples: ‘But when they deliver you up, do not

11

ἀγαθὸν, τὸ παρά κλητον, τὸ ἐκ Θεοῦ προελθὸν, οὐ γεννηθέν· εἷς γὰρ Μονογενής· οὔτε μὴν κτισθέν· οὐδαμοῦ γὰρ εὑρίσκο μεν ἐν τῇ θείᾳ Γραφῇ τῇ κτίσει συναριθμούμενον, ἀλλὰ Πατρὶ καὶ Υἱῷ συνταττόμενον· ἐκπορευόμενον δὲ αὐτὸ ἐκ τοῦ Πατρὸς ἠκούσαμεν, καὶ οὐ πολυπρα γμονοῦμεν πῶς ἐκπορεύεται, ἀλλὰ στέργομεν τοῖς τεθεῖσιν ἡμῖν ὅροις ὑπὸ τῶν θεολόγων καὶ μακαρίων ἀνδρῶν.

Κʹ. Ὅτι Πατρὶ καὶ Υἱῷ τὸ Πνεῦμα συντάτ τεται. Ἐδιδάχθημεν γὰρ ὑπ' αὐτοῦ

τοῦ Σωτῆρος ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ, τῆς Τριάδος συμπληρωτικὸν τὸ Πνεῦμα τὸ ἅγιον· «Πορευθέντες γὰρ, φησὶ, μαθη τεύσατε πάντα τὰ ἔθνη, βαπτίζοντες αὐτοὺς εἰς τὸ ὄνομα τοῦ Πατρὸς, καὶ Υἱοῦ, καὶ τοῦ ἁγίου Πνεύμα τος·» τῷ δὲ Πατρὶ καὶ Υἱῷ συμμαρτυρούμενον, τῆς κτίσεώς ἐστι πάσης ὑπέρτερον. ∆ιὸ καὶ ὁ μακάριος Παῦλος μετὰ Πατρὸς αὐτὸ καὶ Υἱοῦ κηρύττων δια τελεῖ· «Ἡ χάρις γὰρ, φησὶ, τοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν 75.1177 Ἰησοῦ, καὶ ἡ ἀγάπη τοῦ Θεοῦ καὶ Πατρὸς, καὶ ἡ κοινωνία τοῦ ἁγίου Πνεύματος μετὰ πάντων ὑμῶν.»

ΚΑʹ. Ἀπόδειξις τῆς τοῦ Πνεύματος δεσπο τείας. Καὶ πάλιν· «∆ιαιρέσεις δὲ

χαρισμάτων εἰσὶ, τὸ δὲ αὐτὸ Πνεῦμα· καὶ διαιρέσεις διακονιῶν εἰσιν, ὁ δὲ αὐτὸς Κύριος· καὶ διαιρέσεις ἐνεργημάτων εἰσὶν, ὁ δὲ αὐτός ἐστι Θεὸς ὁ ἐνεργῶν τὰ πάντα ἐν πᾶσι.» Αὐτοῦ δὲ κηρύττων τὴν ἐξουσίαν ἐβόα· «Πάντα δὲ ταῦτα ἐνεργεῖ τὸ αὐτὸ καὶ τὸ ἓν Πνεῦμα, διαιροῦν ἰδίᾳ ἑκάστῳ, καθὼς βούλεται διανέμει τοῖς πι στεύουσι τὰ δῶρα.» ∆ι' αὐτοῦ γὰρ τῶν ἁμαρτημάτων ἐλάβομεν τὴν ἀπαλλαγήν· δι' αὐτοῦ τῆς ἐλευθερίας τυγχάνομεν· δι' αὐτοῦ τοῦ τῆς υἱοθεσίας χαρίσματος ἀπολαύομεν· «Οὐ γὰρ ἐλάβομεν Πνεῦμα, φησὶν ὁ Παῦλος, δουλείας πάλιν εἰς φόβον, ἀλλ' ἐλάβομεν Πνεῦμα υἱοθεσίας, ἐν ᾧ κράζομεν, Ἀββᾶ ὁ Πατήρ.» Καὶ ἀλλαχοῦ· «Ὁ γὰρ νόμος τοῦ Πνεύματος τῆς ζωῆς ἐλευθέρωσέ με ἀπὸ τοῦ νόμου τῆς ἁμαρτίας καὶ τοῦ θανάτου.» Καὶ ἑτέρωθεν· «Ὁ δὲ Κύριος τὸ Πνεῦμά ἐστιν· οὗ δὲ τὸ Πνεῦμα Κυρίου, ἐκεῖ ἐλευ θερία·» τὸ δὲ τοὺς ἄλλους ἐλευθεροῦν, οὐ δουλεύει· πῶς γὰρ ἂν τοῖς ὁμοδούλοις μεταδοίη ὧν οὐ μετέχει, οὗ τυχεῖν οὐκ ἰσχύει, οὗ ἀπολαῦσαι βούλεται μὲν, ὡς εἰκὸς, οὐ δύναται δέ; Εἰ δὲ μεταδίδωσι τοῖς πιστεύου σιν ἐλευθερίας, καὶ ἐλευθεροῖ τοὺς δουλεύοντας, οὐ δουλεύει δηλονότι, ἀλλὰ δεσπόζει, καὶ δεσποτικῶς τὴν ἐλευθερίαν οἷς ἐθέλει χαρίζεται· διὸ καὶ ὁ μα κάριος ἔφη Παῦλος, ὅτι «Πάντα ταῦτα ἐνεργεῖ τὸ ἓν καὶ τὸ αὐτὸ Πνεῦμα, διαιροῦν ἰδίᾳ ἑκάστῳ καθὼς βούλεται.» ∆ιὸ καὶ ὁ προφήτης ἐν τῇ Παλαιᾷ τὴν ἐξουσίαν αὐτοῦ κηρύττων ἐβόα· «Κύριος ἀπέστειλέ με, καὶ τὸ Πνεῦμα αὐτοῦ.» Καὶ ὁ Θεὸς ἐγκαλῶν τοῖς Ἰουδαίοις· «Ἐποιήσατο, φησὶ, βουλὴν, καὶ οὐ δι' ἐμοῦ, καὶ συνθήκας οὐ διὰ τοῦ Πνεύματός μου·» κοινωνὸν τῆς δεσποτείας δεικνὺς τὸ Πνεῦμα τὸ ἅγιον. Καὶ ἑτέρωθεν· «∆ιὸ, φησὶν, ἐγὼ μεθ' ὑμῶν εἰμι, καὶ τὸ Πνεῦμά μου ἐφέστηκεν ἐν μέσῳ ὑμῶν.»

ΚΒʹ. Ὅτι δημιουργὸς ὁ Παράκλητος. Καὶ ὁ Ἰὼβ δημιουργὸν αὐτὸ καὶ

δεσποτικὸν εἶναι πιστεύων, ἀλλ' οὐχ ὑπουργικὸν, οὐδὲ ποίημα· «Πνεῦμα θεῖον, φησὶν, τὸ ποιῆσάν με, πνοὴ δὲ παν τοκράτορος ἡ διδάσκουσά με.» Εἰ δὲ τὴν ἀνθρωπίνην φύσιν ἐδημιούργησε, τὴν αὐτὴν οὐσίαν ἔχει Πατρὶ καὶ Υἱῷ· ἐν γὰρ τῇ τοῦ ἀνθρώπου ποιήσει εἶπεν ὁ Θεός· «Ποιήσωμεν ἄνθρωπον κατ' εἰκόνα ἡμετέραν, καὶ καθ' ὁμοίωσιν.» Ὧν δὲ ἡ εἰκὼν μία, τούτων δη λονότι καὶ ἡ οὐσία μία.

ΚΓʹ. Ὅτι ἐκ Θεοῦ τὸ Πνεῦμα τὸ ἅγιον. Ὅτι δὲ οὐσίας θείας ὑπάρχει τὸ Πνεῦμα

τὸ ἅγιον, 75.1180 αὐτὸς ὁ Θεὸς ἡμᾶς διδάσκει διὰ τοῦ προφήτου λέγων Ἰωήλ· «Ἐν ταῖς ἐσχάταις ἡμέραις, ἐκχεῶ ἀπὸ τοῦ Πνεύματός μου ἐπὶ πᾶσαν σάρκα.» ∆ιδάσκει δὲ ἡμᾶς ὁ δεσπότης Χριστὸς πρὸς τοὺς μαθητὰς λέγων· «Ὅταν δὲ παραδώσιν ὑμᾶς, μὴ