Homily X.

Hebrews vi. 7, 8

“For the Earth which drinketh in the rain that cometh oft upon it, and bringeth forth herbs meet for them by whom it is dressed, receiveth blessing from God. But if it bear230   The received version is necessarily altered here: St. Chrysostom’s commentary will be more readily understood if it is kept in mind that the exact translation would be as below: “the land which hath drunk in,” &c., “partaketh of blessing,” &c. “But if it bear thorns and thistles, it is reprobate, and nigh unto a curse, whose end is for burning.” [There seems to be no need of this slight correction; the present participle of the Greek is even more closely represented by the A.V. than by the above translation. But in view of this note, it must be allowed to stand.—F.G.]thorns and briars it is rejected, and nigh unto cursing, whose end is to be burned.”

[1.] Let us hear the oracles of God with fear, with fear and much trembling. For (it is said) “Serve the Lord with fear, and rejoice unto Him with trembling.” ( Ps. ii. 11.) But if even our joy and our exultation ought to be “with trembling,” of what punishment are we not worthy, if we listen not with terror to what is said, when the things spoken, as now, are themselves fearful?

For having said that “it is impossible for those who have fallen away” to be baptized a second time, and to receive remission through the laver, and having pointed out the awfulness of the case, he goes on: “for the earth which drinketh in the rain that cometh oft upon it, and bringeth forth herbs meet for them by whom it is dressed, receiveth blessing from God. But if it bear thorns and thistles, it is rejected,231   ἀ δόκιμος, “reprobate.” and nigh unto cursing; whose end is to be burned.”

Let us then fear, beloved! This threat is not Paul’s, these words are not of man: they are of the Holy Ghost, of Christ that speaketh in him. Is there then any one that is clear from these thorns? And even if we were clear, not even so ought we to be confident, but to fear and tremble lest at any time thorns should spring up in us. But when we are “thorns and thistles” through and through, whence (tell me) are we confident? And are becoming supine? What is it which makes us inert? If “he that thinketh he standeth” ought to fear “lest he fall”; for (he says) “Let him that thinketh he standeth, take heed lest he fall” ( 1 Cor. x. 12 ); he that falleth, how anxious ought he to be that he may rise up again! If Paul fears, “lest that by any means, when he had preached to others, he himself should be a castaway” ( 1 Cor. ix. 27 ); and he who had been so approved is afraid lest he should become disapproved:232   ἀ δόκιμος. In the original it is one and the same word which in the text, Heb. vi. 8 , is translated “rejected,” in 1 Cor. ix. 27 , “a castaway” ; it is in this clause opposed to δόκιμος, “approved,” “accepted.” It means rejected after testing, as in case of metals: which may take place, as St. Chrys. implies in this passage, either here or hereafter; either for a time or for eternity. what pardon shall we have who are already disapproved, if we have no fear, but fulfill our Christianity as a custom, and for form’s sake. Let us then fear, beloved: “For the wrath of God is revealed from heaven.” ( Rom. i. 18.) Let us fear, for it “is revealed” not “against impiety” only, but “against all unrighteousness.” What is “against all unrighteousness”? [Against all] both small and great.

[2.] In this passage he intimates the lovingkindness of God towards man: and the teaching [of the Gospel] he calls “rain”: and what he said above, “when for the time ye ought to be teachers” ( c. v. 12 ), this he says here also. Indeed in many places the Scripture calls the teaching “rain.” For (it says) “I will command the clouds that they rain no rain upon it” ( Isa. v. 6 ), speaking of “the vineyard.” The same which in another place it calls “a famine of bread, and a thirst of water.” ( Amos viii. 11.) And again, “The river of God is full of waters.” ( Ps. lxv. 9.)

“For land,” he says, “which drinketh in the rain that cometh oft upon it.” Here he shows that they received and drank in the word, yea and often enjoyed this, and yet even so they were not profited. For if (he means) thou hadst not been tilled, if thou hadst enjoyed no rains, the evil would not have been so great. For (it is said) “If I had not come and spoken unto them they had not had sin.” ( John xv. 22.) But if thou hast often drunk and received [nourishment], wherefore hast thou brought forth other things instead of fruits? For (it is said) “I waited that it should bring forth grapes, and it brought forth thorns.” ( Isa. v. 2.)

Thou seest that everywhere the Scripture calleth sins “thorns.” For David also saith, “I was turned into mourning when a thorn was fixed in me.” ( Ps. xxxii. 4 , so LXX.) For it does not simply come on us, but is fixed in; and even if but a little of it remain in, even if we take it not out entirely, that little of itself in like manner causes pain, as in the case of a thorn. And why do I say, ‘that little of itself’? Even after it has been taken out, it leaves therein for a long time the pain of the wound. And much care and treatment is necessary, that we may be perfectly freed from it. For it is not enough merely to take away the sin, it is necessary also to heal the wounded place.

But I fear however lest the things said apply to us more than to others. “For,” he says, “the earth which drinketh in the rain that cometh oft upon it.” We are ever drinking, ever hearing, but “when the sun is risen” ( Matt. xiii. 6 ) we straightway lose our moisture, and therefore bring forth thorns. What then are the thorns? Let us hear Christ saying, that “the care of this world, and the deceitfulness of riches, choke the word, and it becometh unfruitful.” ( Matt. xiii. 22.)

[3.] “For the earth which drinketh in the rain that cometh oft upon it,” he says, “and bringeth forth meet herbs.” Because nothing is so meet as purity of life, nothing so suitable as the best life, nothing so meet as virtue.

“And bringeth forth” (saith he) “herbs meet for them by whom it is dressed, receiveth blessing from God.” Here he says that God is the cause of all things, giving the heathen a blow, who ascribed the production of fruits to the power of the earth. For (he says) it is not the hands of the husbandman which stir up the earth to bear fruits, but the command from God. Therefore he says, “receives blessing from God.”

And see how in speaking of the thorns, he said not, “bringing forth233   τίκτουσα thorns,” nor did he use this word expressive of what is useful; but what? “Bearing”234   ἐ κφέρουσα [literally “putting out”] “thorns,” as if one should say, “forcing out,” “throwing out.”

“Rejected” (he says) “and nigh unto cursing.” Oh! how great consolation in this word! For he said “nigh unto cursing,” not “a curse.” Now he that hath not yet fallen into a curse, but is come to be near [thereto], may also come to be far off [therefrom].

And not by this only did he encourage them, but also by what follows. For he did not say “rejected and nigh unto cursing,” “which shall be burned,” but what? “Whose end is to be burned,” if he continue [such] (he means) unto the end. So that, if we cut out and burn the thorns, we shall be able to enjoy those good things innumerable and to become approved, and to partake of blessing.

And with good reason did he call sin “a thistle,”235   [τρίβολον, “a burr.”] saying “that which beareth thorns and thistles”; for on whatever side you lay hold on it, it wounds and stings, and it is unpleasant even to look at.

[4.] Having therefore sufficiently rebuked them, and alarmed and wounded them, he in turn heals them, so as not to cast them down too much, and make them supine. For he that strikes one that is “dull,” makes him more dull. So then he neither flatters them throughout, lest he should make them supine, nor does he wound them throughout, but having inserted a little to wound them, he applies much to heal in what follows.

For what does he say? We speak not these things, as having condemned you, nor as thinking you to be full of thorns, but fearing lest this should come to pass. For it is better to terrify you by words, that ye may not suffer by the realities. And this is specially of Paul’s wisdom.

Moreover he did not say, We think, or, we conjecture, or, we expect, or, we hope, but what? ( Ver. 9 ) “But beloved, we are persuaded better things of you, and things that accompany salvation, though we thus speak.” Which word he also used in writing to the Galatians: “But I am persuaded of you in the Lord, that ye will be none otherwise minded.” ( Gal. v. 10.) For in that instance, inasmuch as they were greatly to be condemned, and he could not praise them from things present, he does it from things future (“that ye will be none otherwise minded,” he says): he said not, ye are, but “ye will be none otherwise minded.” But here he encourages them from things present. “We are persuaded better things of you, beloved, and things that accompany to salvation, though we thus speak.” And since he was not able to say so much from things present, he confirms his consolation from things past; and says,

Ver. 10. “For God is not unrighteous to forget your work, and236   Sav. and Ben. here, and in other places where the text is cited, insert τοῦ κόπου, “the labor of love,” &c. These words are probably not part of the sacred text. They are not referred to by St. Chrysostom. the love, which ye have showed toward His name, in that ye have ministered unto the saints and do minister.” O how did he here restore their spirit, and give them fresh strength, by reminding them of former things, and bringing them to the necessity of not supposing that God had forgotten. (For he cannot but sin who is not fully assured concerning his hope, and says that God is unrighteous. Accordingly he obliged them by all means to look forward to those future things. For one who despairs of present things, and has given up exerting himself, may be restored by [the prospect of] things future.) As he himself also said in writing to the Galatians, “Ye did run well” ( Gal. v. 7 ): and again, “Have ye suffered so many things in vain? if it be yet in vain.” ( Gal. iii. 4.)

And as in this place he puts the praise with the reproof, saying, “When for the time ye ought to be teachers” ( c. v. 12 ), so also there, “I marvel that ye are so soon removed.” ( Gal. i. 6.) With the reproof is the praise. For respecting great things we marvel, when they fail. Thou seest that praise is concealed under the accusation and the blame. Nor does he say this concerning himself only, but also concerning all. For he said not, I am persuaded, but “we are persuaded better things of you,” even good things (he means). He says this either in regard to matters of conduct, or to the recompense. In the next place, having said above, that it is “rejected and nigh unto a curse,” and that it “shall be for burning,” he says, we do not by any means speak this of you. “For God is not unrighteous to forget your work, and love.” ( Ver. 10.)

[5.] Why then did we say these things? ( Ver. 11, 12 ) “But we desire that everyone of you do show the same diligence to the full assurance of hope unto the end; that ye be not slothful, but followers of them who through faith and patience inherit the promises.”

“We desire,” he says, and we do not therefore merely labor for, or even so far as words go, wish this. But what? “We desire” that ye should hold fast to virtue, not as condemning your former conduct (he means), but fearing for the future. And he did not say, ‘not as condemning your former conduct, but your present; for ye have fainted, ye are become too indolent’; but see how gently he indicated it, and did not wound them.

For what does he say? “But we desire that every one of you do show the same diligence unto the end.” For this is the admirable part of Paul’s wisdom, that he does not expressly show that they “had” given in, that they “had” become negligent. For when he says, “We desire that every one of you”—it is as if one should say, I wish thee to be always in earnest; and such as thou wert before, such to be now also, and for the time to come. For this made his reproof more gentle and easy to be received.

And he did not say, “I will,” which would have been expressive of the authority of a teacher, but what is expressive of the affection of a father, and what is more than “willing,” “we desire.” All but saying, Pardon us, even if we say what is distasteful.

“We desire that every one of you do show the same diligence to the full assurance of your hope unto the end.” Hope (he means) carries us through: it recovers us again. Be not wearied out, do not despair, lest your hope be in vain. For he that worketh good hopeth also good, and never despairs of himself.

“That ye may not become dull.”237   νωθροὶ. The same word is translated “slothful” and “dull” in these two passages. It means “sluggish,” “stupid,” “without quickness in perception or energy in action.” Still238   ἀ κμὴν “become”; and yet he said above, “seeing ye are become dull239   νωθροὶ. The same word is translated “slothful” and “dull” in these two passages. It means “sluggish,” “stupid,” “without quickness in perception or energy in action.” of hearing.” ( c. v. 11.) Ob serve however how he limited the dullness to the hearing. And here he hints the very same thing; instead of ‘that ye may not continue in it,’ he says [this]. But again he leads on to that future time for which they were not yet responsible; saying in effect “that ye may not become too slothful”: since for that which is not yet come we could not be responsible. For he who in regard to the present time is exhorted to be in earnest, as being remiss, will perhaps become even more slothful, but he who is exhorted with reference to the future, not so.

“We desire” (he says) “that every one of you.” Great is his affection for them: he cares equally for great and small; moreover he knows all, and overlooks no one, but shows the same tender care for each, and equal value for all: from which cause also he the rather persuaded them to receive what was distasteful in his words.

“That ye be not slothful,” he says. For as inactivity hurts the body, so also inactivity as to what is good renders the soul more supine and feeble.

[6.] “But followers” (he says) “of them, who through faith and patience inherit the promises.” And who they are, he tells afterwards. He said before, “Imitate your own former well-doings.” Then, lest they should say, What? He leads them back to the Patriarch: bringing before them examples of well-doing indeed from their own history,240   οἴκοθεν but of the thought of being forsaken, from the Patriarch; that they might not suppose that they were disregarded and forsaken as worthy of no account, but might know that it is [the portion] of the very noblest men to make the journey of life through trials; and that God has thus dealt with great and admirable men.

Now we ought (he says) to bear all things with patience: for this also is believing: whereas if He say that He gives and thou immediately receivest, how hast thou also believed? Since in that case this is no longer of thy faith, but of Me, the Giver. But if I say that I give, and give after an hundred years, and thou hast not despaired; then hast thou accounted Me worthy to be believed, then thou hast the right opinion concerning Me. Thou seest that oftentimes unbelief arises not from want of hope only, but also from faintheartedness, and want of patience, not from condemning him who made the promise.

“For God” (he says) “is not unrighteous to forget your love” and the zeal “which ye have showed toward His Name, in that ye have ministered unto the saints, and do minister.” He testifies great things of them, not deeds only; but deeds done with alacrity, which he says also in another place, “and not only so, but they gave themselves also to the Lord and to us.” ( 2 Cor. viii. 5.)

“Which” (he says) “ye have showed toward His Name, in that ye have ministered to the saints, and do minister.” See how again he soothes them, by adding “and do minister.” Still even at this time (he says) ye are ministering, and he raises them up by showing that they had done [what they did] not to them [the saints], but to God. “Which ye have showed” (he says); and he said not “unto the saints,” but “towards God,” for this is “toward His Name.” It is for His Name’s sake (he means) that ye have done all. He therefore who has the enjoyment from you of241   ἀ πολαύων so great zeal and love, will never despise you nor forget you.

[7.] Hearing these things, let us, I beseech you, “minister to the saints.” For every believer is a saint in that he is a believer. Though he be a person living in the world, he is a saint. “For” (he says) “the unbelieving husband is sanctified by the wife, and the unbelieving wife by the husband.” ( 1 Cor. vii. 14.) See how the faith makes the saintship. If then we see even a secular person in misfortune, let us stretch out a hand [to him]. Let us not be zealous for those only who dwell in the mountains; they are indeed saints both in manner of life and in faith; these others however are saints by their faith, and many of them also in manner of life. Let us not, if we see a monk [cast] into prison, in that case go in; but if it be a secular person, refuse to go in. He also is a saint and a brother.

What then (you say) if he be unclean and polluted? Listen to Christ saying, “Judge not that ye be not judged.” ( Matt. vii. 1.) Do thou act for God’s sake. Nay, what am I saying? Even if we see a heathen in misfortune, we ought to show kindness to him, and to every man without exception who is in misfortunes, and much more to a believer who is in the world. Listen to Paul, saying, “Do good unto all men, but especially to those who are of the household of faith.” ( Gal. vi. 10.)

But I know not whence this [notion] has been introduced, or whence this custom hath prevailed. For he that only seeks after the solitaries, and is willing to do good to them alone, and with regard to others on the contrary is over-curious in his enquiries, and says, ‘unless he be worthy,242   ἐ ὰ ν μἡ ᾖ ἄξιος, ἐὰν μὴ ᾖ δίκαιος. Mr. Field retains μὴ in these clauses, in accordance with the common editions, though all the mss. omit the negative in the first clause, and the best mss. in the second also, and it was not read by Mutianus. If it be omitted, the passage would run thus, “and says, If he be worthy, if he be righteous [I will help him]. Unless he work miracles I stretch out no hand,” &c.; which seems to give a good sense. unless he be righteous, unless he work miracles, I stretch out no hand’; [such an one] has taken away the greater part of charity,243   ἐ λεημοσύνη, “mercifulness.” or “almsgiving.” yea and in time he will in turn destroy the very thing itself. And yet that is charity,244   ἐ λεημοσύνη, “mercifulness.” or “almsgiving.” [which is shown] towards sinners, towards the guilty. For this is charity,245   ἐ λεημοσύνη, “mercifulness.” or “almsgiving.” not the pitying those who have done well, but those who have done wrong.

[8.] And that thou mayest understand this, listen to the Parable: “A certain man” (it is said) “went down from Jerusalem to Jericho, and fell among thieves” ( Luke x. 30 , &c.); and when they had beaten him, they left him by the way-side, having badly bruised him. A certain Levite came, and when he saw him, he passed by; A priest came, and when he saw him, he hastened past; a certain Samaritan came, and bestowed great care upon him. For he “bound up his wounds” ( Luke x. 34 ), dropped oil on them, set him upon his ass, “brought him to the inn, said to the host, Take care of him” ( Luke x. 35 ); and (observe his great liberality), “and I,” he says, “will give thee whatsoever thou shalt expend.” Who then is his neighbor? “He,” it is said, “that showed mercy on him. Go thou then also,” He says, “and do likewise.” ( Luke x. 37 .) And see what a parable He spake. He said not that a Jew did [so and so] to a Samaritan, but that a Samaritan showed all that liberality. Having then heard these things, let us not care only for “those that are of the household of faith” ( Gal. vi. 10 ), and neglect others. So then also thou, if thou see any one in affliction, be not curious to enquire further. His being in affliction involves a just claim on thy aid. 246   τὸ δικαίωμα τῆς βοηθείας For if when thou seest an ass choking thou raisest him up, and dost not curiously enquire whose he is, much more about a man one ought not to be over-curious in enquiring whose he is. He is God’s, be he heathen or be he Jew; since even if he is an unbeliever, still he needs help. For if indeed it had been committed to thee to enquire and to judge, thou wouldst have well said thus, but, as it is, his misfortune does not suffer thee to search out these things. For if even about men in good health it is not right to be over-curious, nor to be a busybody in other men’s matters, much less about those that are in affliction.

[9.] But on another view what [shall we say]? Didst thou see him in prosperity, in high esteem, that thou shouldst say that he is wicked and worthless? But if thou seest him in affliction, do not say that he is wicked. For when a man is in high credit, we fairly say these things; but when he is in calamity, and needs help, it is not right to say that he is wicked. For this is cruelty, inhumanity, and arrogance. Tell me what was ever more iniquitous than the Jews. But nevertheless while God punished them, and that justly, yea, very justly, yet He approved of those who had compassion on them, and those who rejoiced over them He punished. ( Amos vi. 6.) For “they were not grieved,” it is said, “at the affliction of Joseph.”

And again it is said “Redeem [Ransom] those who are ready to be slain: spare not.” ( Prov. xxiv. 11.) (He said not, enquire curiously, and learn who he is; and yet, for the most part, they who are led away to execution are wicked,) for this especially is charity. For he that doeth good to a friend, doeth it not altogether for God’s sake: but he that [doeth good] to one unknown, this man acts purely for God’s sake. “Do not spare” thy money, even if it be necessary to spend all, yet give.

But we, when we see persons in extreme distress,247   ἀ γχομένους bewailing themselves, suffering things more grievous than ten thousand deaths, and oftentimes unjustly, we [I say] are sparing of our money, and unsparing of our brethren; we are careful of lifeless things, but neglect the living soul. And yet Paul says, “in meekness instruct those that oppose themselves, if peradventure God should give them repentance to the acknowledging of the truth, and they may recover themselves out of the snare of the devil who are taken captive by him, at His will.” ( 2 Tim. ii. 25, 26.) “If peradventure,” he says; thou seest of how great long-suffering the word is full.

Let us also imitate Him, and despair of no one. For the fishermen too, when they have cast many times [suppose it], have not succeeded; but afterwards having cast again, have gained all. So we also expect that ye will all at once show to us ripe fruit. For the husbandman too, after he has sown, waits one day or two days, and is a long while in expectation: and all at once he sees the fruits springing up on every side. This we expect will take place in your case also by the grace and lovingkindness of our Lord Jesus Christ, with whom to the Father and also to the Holy Ghost be glory, might, honor, now and for ever and world without end. Amen.

ΟΜΙΛΙΑ Ιʹ. Γῆ γὰρ ἡ πιοῦσα τὸν ἐπ' αὐτῆς ἐρχόμενον πολ λάκις ὑετὸν, καὶ τίκτουσα βοτάνην εὔθε τον ἐκείνοις δι' οὓς καὶ γεωργεῖται, μεταλαμ βάνει εὐλογίας ἀπὸ τοῦ Θεοῦ: ἐκφέρουσα δὲ ἀκάνθας καὶ τριβόλους, ἀδόκιμος καὶ κατάρας ἐγγύς: ἧς τὸ τέλος εἰς καῦσιν. αʹ. Μετὰ φόβου τῶν λογίων ἀκούωμεν τοῦ Θεοῦ, μετὰ φόβου καὶ τρόμου πολλοῦ: Δουλεύσατε γὰρ, φησὶ, τῷ Κυρίῳ ἐν φόβῳ, καὶ ἀγαλλιᾶσθε αὐτῷ ἐν τρόμῳ. Εἰ δὲ καὶ ἡ χαρὰ ἡμῶν, καὶ ἡ ἀγαλλίασις μετὰ τρόμου ὀφείλει γίνεσθαι, ὅταν καὶ φοβερὰ ᾖ τὰ λεγόμενα, οἷα τὰ νῦν, τίνος οὐκ ἐσμὲν ἄξιοι τιμωρίας, μὴ μετὰ φρίκης ἐπακούοντες τῶν λεγομένων; Εἰπὼν ὅτι ἀδύνατον τοὺς παραπεσόντας βαπτισθῆναι δεύτερον, καὶ τὴν διὰ τοῦ λουτροῦ ἄφεσιν πάλιν λαβεῖν, καὶ δείξας τὸ φρικτὸν τοῦ πράγματος, ἐπάγει: Γῆ γὰρ ἡ πιοῦσα τὸν ἐπ' αὐτῆς πολλάκις ἐρχόμενον ὑετὸν, καὶ τίκτουσα βοτάνην εὔθετον ἐκείνοις δι' οὓς καὶ γεωργεῖται, μεταλαμβάνει εὐλογίας ἀπὸ τοῦ Θεοῦ: ἐκφέρουσα δὲ ἀκάνθας καὶ τριβόλους, ἀδόκιμος, καὶ κατάρας ἐγγύς: ἧς τὸ τέλος εἰς καῦσιν. Φοβηθῶμεν οὖν, ἀγαπητοί: οὐκ ἔστι Παύλου αὕτη ἡ ἀπειλὴ, οὐκ ἔστιν ἀνθρώπου τὰ ῥήματα: τοῦ Πνεύματός εἰσι τοῦ ἁγίου, τοῦ Χριστοῦ τοῦ λαλοῦντος ἐν αὐτῷ. Ἆρα τίς ἐστιν ὁ τούτων τῶν ἀκανθῶν καθαρός; Εἰ δὲ καὶ ἦμεν καθαροὶ, οὐδὲ οὕτω θαῤῥεῖν ἐχρῆν, ἀλλὰ δεδοικέναι καὶ τρέμειν μήποτε ἄκανθαι βλαστήσωσιν ἐν ἡμῖν: ὅταν δὲ ὅλοι δι' ὅλου ἄκανθαι ὦμεν καὶ τρίβολοι, πόθεν θαῤῥοῦμεν, εἰπέ μοι, καὶ ὕπτιοι γινόμεθα; τί τὸ ποιοῦν ἡμᾶς ῥᾳθυμεῖν; Εἰ ὁ δοκῶν ἑστάναι, ὀφείλει δεδοικέναι μὴ πέσῃ: Ὁ δοκῶν γὰρ ἑστάναι, φησὶ, βλεπέτω μὴ πέσῃ: ὁ πεσὼν πῶς ὀφείλει μεριμνᾷν ὥστε ἀναστῆναι; Εἰ Παῦλος φοβεῖται μή πως ἄλλοις κηρύξας, αὐτὸς ἀδόκιμος γένηται, καὶ δέδοικε τὸ μὴ γενέσθαι ἀδόκιμος, ὁ οὕτω δόκιμος: ἡμεῖς οἱ γενόμενοι ἤδη ἀδόκιμοι, τίνα ἕξομεν ἀπολογίαν καὶ συγγνώμην, οὐδένα φόβον ἔχοντες, ἀλλ' ὡς συνήθειαν, οὕτω πληροῦντες τὸν Χριστιανισμὸν, καὶ ἀφοσιούμενοι; Φοβηθῶμεν τοίνυν, ἀγαπητοί: Ἀποκαλύπτεται γὰρ ὀργὴ τοῦ Θεοῦ ἀπ' οὐρανοῦ: φοβηθῶμεν: ἀποκαλύπτεται γὰρ οὐκ ἐπ' ἀσέβειαν μόνον, ἀλλὰ καὶ ἐπὶ πᾶσαν ἀδικίαν, καὶ μικρὰν καὶ μεγάλην. Ἐνταῦθα τοῦ Θεοῦ τὸ φιλάνθρωπον αἰνίττεται. Ὑετὸν δὲ τὴν διδασκαλίαν φησί: καὶ ὅπερ ἀνωτέρω ἔλεγεν, Ὀφείλοντες εἶναι διδάσκαλοι διὰ τὸν χρόνον, τοῦτο καὶ ἐνταῦθά φησι. Καὶ πολλαχοῦ ὑετὸν τὴν διδασκαλίαν ἡ Γραφὴ λέγει: Ἐντελοῦμαι γὰρ, φησὶ, ταῖς νεφέλαις τοῦ μὴ βρέξαι εἰς αὐτὸν ὑετόν: περὶ τοῦ ἀμπελῶνος λέγουσα: ὅπερ ἀλλαχοῦ λιμὸν ἄρτου καὶ δίψαν ὕδατος καλεῖ. Καὶ πάλιν: Ὁ ποταμὸς τοῦ Θεοῦ ἐπληρώθη ὑδάτων. Γῆ γὰρ ἡ πιοῦσα, φησὶ, τὸν ἐπ' αὐτῆς πολλάκις ἐρχόμενον ὑετόν. Ἐνταῦθα δηλοῖ, ὅτι καὶ ἐδέξαντο καὶ συνέπιον τὸν λόγον, καὶ πολλάκις τούτου ἔτυχον, καὶ οὐδὲ οὕτως ἀπώναντο. Εἰ μὲν γὰρ μὴ ἐγεωργήθης, φησὶν, εἰ μὴ ἀπέλαυσας ὑετῶν, οὐκ ἦν τοσοῦτον τὸ κακόν: Εἰ γὰρ μὴ ἦλθον, φησὶ, καὶ ἐλάλησα αὐτοῖς, ἁμαρτίαν οὐκ εἶχον: εἰ δὲ πολλάκις ἔπιες καὶ ἐδέξω, τίνος ἕνεκεν ἀντὶ καρπῶν ἕτερα ἐξήγαγες; Ἔμεινα γὰρ, φησὶν, ἵνα ποιήσῃ σταφυλὴν, ἐποίησε δὲ ἀκάνθας. Ὁρᾷς ὅτι πανταχοῦ ἡ Γραφὴ ἀκάνθας καλεῖ τὰ ἁμαρτήματα; Καὶ γὰρ καὶ ὁ Δαυΐδ φησιν: Ἐστράφην εἰς ταλαιπωρίαν, ἐν τῷ ἐμπαγῆναί μοι ἄκανθαν. Οὐ γὰρ ἁπλῶς ἐπέρχεται, ἀλλ' ἐμπήγνυται: κἂν μικρὸν αὐτῆς ἐναπομείνῃ, καὶ μὴ πᾶσαν αὐτὴν ἐξέλωμεν, αὐτὸ τὸ μικρὸν ὀδυνᾷ ὁμοίως, καθάπερ ἐπὶ τῆς ἀκάνθης: καὶ τί λέγω αὐτὸ τὸ μικρόν; Καὶ μετὰ τὸ ἐξαιρεθῆναι, ἐπιπολὺ τῆς πληγῆς τὴν ὀδύνην ἐναφίησι: καὶ διὰ τοῦτο δεῖ θεραπείας πολλῆς καὶ ἰατρείας, ὥστε τέλεον αὐτῆς ἐλευθερωθῆναι: οὐδὲ γὰρ ἀρκεῖ τὸ ἐξελεῖν μόνον τὴν ἁμαρτίαν, ἀλλὰ δεῖ καὶ τὸν πληγέντα θεραπεῦσαι τόπον. Ἀλλὰ δέδοικα μὴ πρὸς ἡμᾶς ᾖ τὸ λεγόμενον μᾶλλον ἢ πρὸς ἑτέρους, τὸ, Γῆ ἡ πιοῦσα τὸν ἐπ' αὐτῆς πολλάκις ἐρχόμενον ὑετόν: ἀεὶ γὰρ πίνομεν, ἀεὶ ἀκούομεν, ἀλλ' εὐθέως τὴν νοτίδα ἀπόλλυμεν, τοῦ ἡλίου ἀνατείλαντος, καὶ διὰ τοῦτο ἀκάνθας ἐκφέρομεν. Τίνες οὖν αἱ ἄκανθαι; Ἀκούσωμεν τοῦ Χριστοῦ λέγοντος, ὅτι ἡ μέριμνα τοῦ αἰῶνος τούτου, καὶ ἡ ἀπάτη τοῦ πλούτου συμπνίγει τὸν λόγον, καὶ ἄκαρπος γίνεται. Γῆ γὰρ ἡ πιοῦσα, φησὶ, τὸν ἐπ' αὐτῆς πολλάκις ἐρχόμενον ὑετὸν, καὶ τίκτουσα βοτάνην εὔθετον. βʹ. Οὐδὲν οὕτως εὔθετον, ὡς βίου καθαρότης, οὐδὲν οὕτως εὔρυθμον, ὡς βίος ἄριστος, οὐδὲν οὕτως εὔθετον, ὡς ἀρετή. Καὶ τίκτουσα, φησὶ, βοτάνην εὔθετον ἐκείνοις δι' οὓς καὶ γεωργεῖται, μεταλαμβάνει εὐλογίας ἀπὸ τοῦ Θεοῦ. Ἐνταῦθά φησι τὸν Θεὸν αἴτιον τῶν ἁπάντων γίνεσθαι, πλήττων τοὺς Ἕλληνας ἠρέμα, τοὺς τῇ δυνάμει τῆς γῆς τῶν καρπῶν τὴν γέννησιν ἐπιγράφοντας. Οὐδὲ γὰρ αἱ γεωργικαὶ χεῖρες, φησὶν, εἰσὶν αἱ τὴν γῆν πρὸς τὴν τῶν καρπῶν φορὰν διεγείρουσαι, ἀλλὰ τὸ παρὰ τοῦ Θεοῦ πρόσταγμα: διὰ τοῦτό φησι: Μεταλαμβάνει εὐλογίας ἀπὸ τοῦ Θεοῦ. Καὶ ὅρα πῶς ἐπὶ τῶν ἀκανθῶν οὐκ εἶπε, τίκτουσα ἀκάνθας, οὐδὲ τῷ χρησίμῳ τούτῳ ὀνόματι ἐχρήσατο, ἀλλὰ τί; Ἐκφέρουσα ἀκάνθας ὡς ἂν εἴποι τις, ἐκβράσσουσα, ἐκβάλλουσα. Ἀδόκιμος, φησὶ, καὶ κατάρας ἐγγύς. Βαβαὶ, πόσην ἔχει παραμυθίαν ὁ λόγος! Κατάρας γὰρ εἶπεν ἐγγὺς, οὐ κατάρα: ὁ δὲ μηδέπω εἰς τὴν κατάραν ἐμπεσὼν, ἀλλ' ἐγγὺς γενόμενος, καὶ μακρὰν γενέσθαι δυνήσεται. Καὶ οὐ τούτῳ μόνῳ παρεμυθήσατο, ἀλλὰ καὶ τῷ ἑξῆς: οὐ γὰρ εἶπεν, Ἀδόκιμος, καὶ κατάρας ἐγγὺς, ἥτις καήσεται: ἀλλὰ τί; Ἧς τὸ τέλος εἰς καῦσιν: δηλῶν ὅτι ἐὰν μέχρι τέλους οὕτως ἐπιμείνῃ, τούτῳ πείσεται. Ὥστε, ἐὰν ἐκτέμωμεν καὶ κατακαύσωμεν τὰς ἀκάνθας, δυνησόμεθα τῶν μυρίων ἀπολαῦσαι ἀγαθῶν, καὶ γενέσθαι δόκιμοι, καὶ εὐλογίας μετασχεῖν. Εἰκότως δὲ τὴν ἁμαρτίαν τρίβολον ἐκάλεσεν, εἰπὼν, Ἐκφέρουσα δὲ ἀκάνθας καὶ τριβόλους: ὅθεν γὰρ ἂν αὐτὴν κατάσχῃς, πλήττει καὶ δάκνει, καὶ ἔστιν ἀειδὴς καὶ τῷ ἰδεῖν. Καθαψάμενος τοίνυν αὐτῶν ἱκανῶς, καὶ φοβήσας καὶ πλήξας, θεραπεύει πάλιν, ὥστε μὴ πλέον καταβαλεῖν, καὶ ὑπτίους ἐργάσασθαι: τὸν γὰρ νωθρὸν ὁ πλήττων νωθρότερον ἐργάζεται. Οὔτε οὖν πάντη κολακεύει, ὥστε μὴ ἐπᾶραι, οὔτε πάντη πλήττει, ὥστε μὴ ὑπτιωτέρους ποιῆσαι: ἀλλ' ὀλίγον ἐμβαλὼν τὸ πληκτικὸν, πολὺ τὸ θεραπευτικὸν προσφέρει διὰ τῶν ἐπαγομένων, ὥστε ὃ βούλεται κατορθῶσαι. Τί γάρ φησι; Πεπείσμεθα δὲ περὶ ὑμῶν, ἀγαπητοὶ, τὰ κρείττονα, καὶ ἐχόμενα σωτηρίας, εἰ καὶ οὕτω λαλοῦμεν. Τουτέστιν, οὐχ ὡς κατεγνωκότες ὑμῶν ταῦτα λέγομεν, οὐδὲ ὡς νομίζοντες ὑμᾶς ἀκανθῶν πλήρεις, ἀλλὰ δεδοικότες μὴ τοῦτο γένηται: βέλτιον γὰρ ὑμᾶς τοῖς ῥήμασι φοβῆσαι, ἵνα μὴ τοῖς πράγμασιν ἀλγήσητε. Καὶ τοῦτο τῆς συνέσεως Παύλου μάλιστα. Καὶ οὐκ εἶπε, Νομίζομεν, οὐδὲ, Στοχαζόμεθα, οὐδὲ, Προσδοκῶμεν, οὐδὲ, Ἐλπίζομεν, ἀλλὰ τί; Πεπείσμεθα. Ὃ καὶ Γαλάταις γράφων ἔλεγε: Πέποιθα δὲ εἰς ὑμᾶς ἐν Κυρίῳ, ὅτι οὐδὲν ἄλλο φρονήσετε. Οὐκ εἶπε, Φρονεῖτε, ἀλλὰ, Φρονήσετε. Ἐκεῖ μὲν γὰρ ἐπειδὴ σφόδρα κατεγνωσμένοι ἦσαν, καὶ οὐκ εἶχεν αὐτοὺς ἀπὸ τῶν παρόντων ἐπαινέσαι, ἀπὸ τῶν μελλόντων τοῦτο ποιεῖ, Οὐδὲν ἄλλο φρονήσετε, λέγων: ἐνταῦθα δὲ ἀπὸ τῶν παρόντων: Πεπείσμεθα δὲ περὶ ὑμῶν, ἀγαπητοὶ, τὰ κρείττω, καὶ ἐχόμενα σωτηρίας, εἰ καὶ οὕτω λαλοῦμεν. Καὶ ἐπειδὴ ἀπὸ τῶν παρόντων οὐ τοσαῦτα εἶχεν εἰπεῖν, ἀπὸ τῶν παρελθόντων κατασκευάζει τὴν παραμυθίαν, καί φησιν: Οὐ γὰρ ἄδικος ὁ Θεὸς ἐπιλαθέσθαι τοῦ ἔργου ὑμῶν, καὶ τοῦ κόπου τῆς ἀγάπης, ἧς ἐνεδείξασθε εἰς τὸ ὄνομα αὐτοῦ, διακονήσαντες τοῖς ἁγίοις καὶ διακονοῦντες Βαβαὶ, πῶς αὐτῶν ἀνεκτήσατο τὴν ψυχὴν καὶ ἀνέῤῥωσε, τῶν παλαιῶν ἀναμνήσας πραγμάτων, καὶ εἰς ἀνάγκην καταστήσας τοῦ μὴ προσδοκᾷν ἐπιλελῆσθαι τὸν Θεόν! Ἀνάγκη γὰρ ἐκεῖνον ἁμαρτάνειν τὸν μὴ πεπληροφορημένον περὶ τῆς τοῦ Θεοῦ δικαιοκρισίας, καὶ τῆς τῶν ἑκάστῳ βεβιωμένων κατ' ἀξίαν παρ' αὐτοῦ ἀνταποδόσεως, καὶ λέγειν ὅτι ἄδικος ὁ Θεός. Ὥστε συνηνάγκασεν αὐτοὺς πάντως προσδοκᾷν ἐκεῖνα τὰ μέλλοντα. Τὸν γὰρ ἀπεγνωκότα ἀπὸ τῶν παρόντων καὶ ἀπαγορεύσαντα, ἀπὸ τῶν μελλόντων ἀναῤῥῶσαι δυνήσεταί τις: ὡς καὶ αὐτὸς Γαλάταις γράφων ἔλεγεν, Ἐτρέχετε καλῶς: τίς ὑμᾶς ἐνέκοψε; καὶ πάλιν, Τοσαῦτα ἐπάθετε εἰκῆ; εἴ γε καὶ εἰκῆ. Ὥσπερ δὲ ἐνταῦθα μετὰ ἐπιπλήξεως τίθησι τὸ ἐγκώμιον, λέγων: Ὀφείλοντες εἶναι διδάσκαλοι διὰ τὸν χρόνον: οὕτω καὶ ἐκεῖ: Θαυμάζω ὅτι οὕτω ταχέως μετατίθεσθε. Μετ' ἐκπλήξεως τὸ ἐγκώμιον: περὶ γὰρ μεγάλων, ὅταν ἐκπέσωσι, θαυμάζομεν. Ὁρᾷς ἐγκεκρυμμένον τὸν ἔπαινον τῇ κατηγορίᾳ καὶ τῇ διαβολῇ; Καὶ οὐ περὶ ἑαυτοῦ τοῦτο μόνον φησὶν, ἀλλὰ καὶ περὶ πάντων: οὐ γὰρ εἶπε, Πέπεισμαι, ἀλλὰ, Πεπείσμεθα περὶ ὑμῶν τὰ κρείττονα: τουτέστι, τὰ χρηστά. Ἤτοι περὶ πολιτείας, ἢ περὶ ἀντιδόσεως ταῦτά φησιν. Εἶτα εἰπὼν ἀνωτέρω, ὅτι Ἀδόκιμος καὶ κατάρας ἐγγὺς, καὶ ὅτι εἰς καῦσιν ἔσται, ἵνα μὴ δόξῃ περὶ αὐτῶν τοῦτο λέγειν, ἐπήγαγεν εὐθέως τὸ, Οὐ γὰρ ἄδικος ὁ Θεὸς ἐπιλαθέσθαι τοῦ ἔργου ὑμῶν, καὶ τοῦ κόπου τῆς ἀγάπης: δηλῶν, ὅτι εἰ καὶ οὕτω λαλοῦμεν, οὐ πάντως περὶ ὑμῶν τοῦτο λέγομεν. Καὶ εἰ περὶ ἡμῶν οὐ λέγεις, τί δήποτε καθάπτῃ νωθροὺς καλῶν, καὶ μεμνημένος ἀκανθῶν ἐκφοβεῖς; Ἐπειδὴ ἐπιθυμοῦμεν, φησὶν, ἕνα ἕκαστον ὑμῶν τὴν αὐτὴν ἐνδείκνυσθαι σπουδὴν πρὸς τὴν πληροφορίαν τῆς ἐλπίδος ἄχρι τέλους: ἵνα μὴ νωθροὶ γένησθε, μιμηταὶ δὲ τῶν διὰ πίστεως καὶ μακροθυμίας κληρονομούντων τὰς ἐπαγγελίας. γʹ. Ἐπιθυμοῦμεν, φησίν: οὐκ ἄρα μέχρι ῥημάτων τοῦτο βουλόμεθα μόνον. Ἀλλὰ τί ἐπιθυμεῖς, εἰπέ. Ἐπιθυμοῦμεν τῆς ἀρετῆς ὑμᾶς ἔχεσθαι: οὐχ ὡς τῶν προτέρων καταγινώσκοντες, φησὶν, ἀλλ' ὑπὲρ τῶν μελλόντων δεδοικότες. Καὶ οὐκ εἶπεν, ὅτι Οὐχ ὡς τῶν προτέρων καταγινώσκοντες, ἀλλὰ τῶν παρόντων: ἐξελύθητε γὰρ, ῥᾳθυμότεροι γεγόνατε. Ἀλλ' ὅρα πῶς προσηνῶς ἐνέφηνε, καὶ οὐκ ἔπληξε. Τί γάρ φησιν; Ἐπιθυμοῦμεν δὲ ἕκαστον ὑμῶν τὴν αὐτὴν σπουδὴν ἐνδείκνυσθαι ἄχρι τέλους. Τοῦτο γὰρ τὸ θαυμαστόν ἐστι τῆς Παύλου συνέσεως, ὅτι οὐκ ἐνδείκνυται, ὅτι ἐνέδωκαν, ὅτι καθυφῆκαν. Τὸ γὰρ εἰπεῖν, Ἐπιθυμοῦμεν ἕκαστον ὑμῶν, τοῦτό ἐστιν, ὡς ἂν εἴποι τις: Θέλω σε σπουδάζειν ἀεὶ, καὶ οἷος ἦς πρότερον, τοιοῦτον εἶναι καὶ νῦν καὶ εἰς τὸ μέλλον. Τοῦτο γὰρ τὸν ἔλεγχον προσηνέστερον καὶ εὐπαράδεκτον εἰργάζετο. Καὶ οὐκ εἶπε, Θέλω, ὅπερ ἦν διδασκαλικῆς αὐθεντίας, ἀλλ' ὃ πατρικῆς ἦν φιλοστοργίας καὶ πλέον τοῦ θέλειν, Ἐπιθυμοῦμεν: μονονουχὶ λέγων: Σύγγνωτε κἂν φορτικόν τι φθεγξώμεθα. Ἐπιθυμοῦμεν γὰρ ἕνα ἕκαστον ὑμῶν τὴν αὐτὴν ἐνδείκνυσθαι σπουδὴν πρὸς τὴν πληροφορίαν τῆς ἐλπίδος ὑμῶν ἄχρι τέλους. Τί ἐστι τοῦτο; Ἡ ἐλπὶς, φησὶ, διαβαστάζει, αὕτη ἀνακτᾶται πάλιν: μὴ ἐκλυθῆτε, μηδὲ ἀπελπίσητε, ἵνα μὴ περιττὴ ὑμῶν ἡ ἐλπὶς ᾖ: ὁ γὰρ ἀγαθὰ ἐργαζόμενος, καὶ ἀγαθὰ ἐλπίζει, καὶ οὐδέποτε ἀπελπίζει ἑαυτόν. Ἵνα μὴ νωθροὶ γένησθε, ἀκμὴν γένησθε. Καὶ μὴν ἀνωτέρω ἔλεγεν: Ἐπεὶ νωθροὶ γεγόνατε ταῖς ἀκοαῖς. Ἀλλ' ὅρα πῶς ἐκεῖ μέχρι τῆς ἀκοῆς τὴν νωθρότητα ἔστησεν: ἐνταῦθα εἰ καὶ αὐτὸ τοῦτο φθέγγεται, ἀλλ' ἕτερόν τι αἰνίττεται: ἀντὶ γὰρ τοῦ εἰπεῖν, Μὴ ἐναπομείνητε τῇ ῥᾳθυμίᾳ, Μὴ νωθροὶ γένησθε, εἶπε. Πάλιν αὐτοὺς εἰς τὸν μέλλοντα ἐξάγει καιρὸν τὸν ἀνεύθυνον, εἰπών: Ἵνα μὴ νωθρότεροι γένησθε: ἐκείνου γὰρ τοῦ μήπω παρόντος οὐκ ἂν εἴημεν ὑπεύθυνοι. Ὁ μὲν γὰρ εἰς τὸ παρὸν παρακαλούμενος σπουδάζειν, ὡς ῥᾳθυμῶν, ἴσως καὶ ὀκνηρότερος ἔσται: ὁ δὲ εἰς τὸ μέλλον, οὐχ οὕτως. Ἐπιθυμοῦμεν δὲ, φησὶν, ἕκαστον ὑμῶν. Πολλὴ ἡ φιλοστοργία: καὶ μεγάλων καὶ μικρῶν ὁμοίως κήδεται, καὶ πάντας οἶδε, καὶ οὐδένα παρορᾷ, ἀλλὰ τὴν αὐτὴν περὶ ἕκαστον κηδεμονίαν ἐπιδείκνυται, καὶ τὴν ἰσοτιμίαν πρὸς πάντας: ὅθεν καὶ μᾶλλον ἔπειθε δέξασθαι τὸ φορτικὸν τῶν ῥημάτων. Ἵνα μὴ νωθροὶ γένησθε, φησί. Καθάπερ γὰρ ἡ ἀργία τὸ σῶμα βλάπτει: οὕτω καὶ τὴν ψυχὴν ἡ ἀργία τῶν ἀγαθῶν ὑπτιωτέραν ἐργάζεται καὶ ἀσθενῆ. Μιμηταὶ δὲ, φησὶ, τῶν διὰ πίστεως καὶ μακροθυμίας κληρονομούντων τὰς ἐπαγγελίας. Καὶ τίνες οὗτοί εἰσιν, ἑξῆς λέγει. Πρότερον εἴρηκε, Μιμήσασθε τὰ πρότερα ὑμῶν κατορθώματα: εἶτα, ἵνα μὴ λέγωσι. Ποῖα; αὐτοὺς ἀνάγει ἐπὶ τὸν πατριάρχην, τῶν μὲν κατορθωμάτων οἴκοθεν αὐτοῖς φέρων τὰ ὑποδείγματα, τοῦ δὲ νομίζειν ἐγκαταλελεῖφθαι, ἀπὸ τοῦ πατριάρχου. Τοῦτο δὲ ποιεῖ, ἵνα μὴ λέγωσιν ὅτι ὡς οὐδενὸς ἄξιοι λόγου καταφρονηθέντες ἐγκατελείφθησαν, ἀλλ' εἰδέναι ἔχωσιν ὅτι τῶν μάλιστα γενναίων ἀνδρῶν τοῦτό ἐστι, τὸ διὰ πειρασμῶν ὁδεύειν τὸν βίον, καὶ ὅτι τοῖς θαυμαστοῖς καὶ μεγάλοις ἀνδράσιν οὕτω κέχρηται ὁ Θεός. Δεῖ δὲ, φησὶ, μετὰ μακροθυμίας ἅπαντα φέρειν: τοῦτο γάρ ἐστι καὶ πιστεῦσαι. Ἐὰν δὲ εἴπῃ ὅτι δίδωσι, καὶ λάβῃς εὐθέως, τί καὶ ἐπίστευσας; οὐκέτι γὰρ τῆς πίστεώς ἐστι τοῦτο τῆς σῆς, ἀλλ' ἐμοῦ, φησὶ, τοῦ προλαβόντος τὴν ἐπαγγελίαν καὶ δεδωκότος. Ἐὰν δὲ εἴπω ὅτι δίδωμι, καὶ μετὰ ἑκατὸν ἔτη δώσω, σὺ δὲ μὴ ἀπελπίσῃς: τότε με ἐνόμισας ἀξιόπιστον, τότε τὴν προσήκουσαν περὶ ἐμοῦ δόξαν ἔχεις. Ὁρᾷς ὅτι πολλάκις ἡ ἀπιστία οὐκ ἐξ ἀνελπιστίας γίνεται μόνον, ἀλλὰ καὶ ἐκ τοῦ ὀλιγοψυχεῖν καὶ μὴ μακροθυμεῖν, οὐκ ἐκ τοῦ ἐπαγγειλαμένου; Οὐ γὰρ ἄδικος ὁ Θεὸς, φησὶν, ἐπιλαθέσθαι τῆς ἀγάπης ὑμῶν, καὶ τῆς σπουδῆς ἧς ἐνεδείξασθε εἰς τὸ ὄνομα αὐτοῦ, διακονήσαντες τοῖς ἁγίοις, καὶ διακονοῦντες. Μεγάλα αὐτοῖς μαρτυρεῖ, οὐκ ἔργα μόνον, ἀλλὰ καὶ μετὰ προθυμίας ἔργα: ὃ καὶ ἀλλαχοῦ φησιν: Οὐ μόνον δὲ, ἀλλὰ καὶ ἑαυτοὺς ἔδωκαν τῷ Κυρίῳ καὶ ἡμῖν. Ἧς ἐνεδείξασθε, φησὶν, εἰς τὸ ὄνομα αὐτοῦ, διακονήσαντες τοῖς ἁγίοις καὶ διακονοῦντες. Ὅρα πῶς πάλιν αὐτοὺς θεραπεύει ἐπαγαγὼν καὶ εἰπὼν, Διακονοῦντες; Ἔτι καὶ νῦν, λέγει, διακονοῦντες, διανιστῶν αὐτοὺς καὶ δεικνὺς ὅτι οὐκ ἐκείνοις πεποιήκασιν, ἀλλὰ τῷ Θεῷ. Ἣν ἐνεδείξασθε, φησίν: οὐχ ἁπλῶς εἰς τοὺς ἁγίους, ἀλλ' εἰς τὸν Θεόν: τοῦτο γάρ ἐστιν, Εἰς τὸ ὄνομα αὐτοῦ: ὡσεὶ ἔλεγε, Διὰ τὸ ὄνομα αὐτοῦ πάντα πεποιήκατε. Ὁ τοίνυν τοσαύτης παρ' ὑμῶν ἀπολαύων σπουδῆς καὶ ἀγάπης, οὐ καταφρονήσει ποτὲ ὑμῶν οὐδὲ ἐπιλήσεται. δʹ. Ταῦτα ἀκούοντες, παρακαλῶ, διακονῶμεν τοῖς ἁγίοις. Πᾶς γὰρ πιστὸς ἅγιος, καθὸ πιστός ἐστι: κἂν κοσμικὸς ᾖ τις, ἅγιός ἐστιν: Ἡγίασται γὰρ, φησὶν, ὁ ἀνὴρ ὁ ἄπιστος ἐν τῇ γυναικὶ, καὶ ἡ γυνὴ ἡ ἄπιστος ἐν τῷ ἀνδρί. Ὅρα πῶς τὸν ἁγιασμὸν ἡ πίστις ποιεῖ. Κἂν κοσμικὸν τοίνυν ἴδωμεν ἐν περιστάσει, ὀρέγωμεν χεῖρα: μὴ πρὸς τοὺς ἐν ὄρεσι μόνον καθημένους ὦμεν σπουδαῖοι: ἅγιοι μὲν γὰρ ἐκεῖνοι καὶ βίῳ καὶ πίστει, ἅγιοι δὲ καὶ οὗτοι τῇ πίστει, πολλοὶ δὲ καὶ βίῳ. Μὴ, ἐὰν ἴδωμεν μοναχὸν εἰς φυλακὴν, τότε εἰσέλθωμεν: ἐὰν δὲ κοσμικὸν, μὴ εἰσέλθωμεν: ἅγιός ἐστι καὶ οὗτος, καὶ ἀδελφός. Τί οὖν, φησὶν, ἐὰν ᾖ ἀκάθαρτος καὶ μιαρός; Ἄκουε τοῦ Χριστοῦ λέγοντος: Μὴ κρίνετε, ἵνα μὴ κριθῆτε. Σὺ διὰ τὸν Θεὸν ποίησον. Καὶ τί λέγω; κἂν Ἕλληνα ἴδωμεν ἐν περιστάσει, εὖ ποιεῖν δεῖ, καὶ ἁπλῶς πάντα ἄνθρωπον ἐν περιστάσεσιν ὄντα, πολλῷ δὲ μᾶλλον πιστὸν κοσμικόν. Ἄκουε Παύλου λέγοντος: Τὸ καλὸν ποιεῖτε πρὸς πάντας, μάλιστα δὲ πρὸς τοὺς οἰκείους τῆς πίστεως. Ἀλλ' οὐκ οἶδα πόθεν τοῦτο εἰσενήνεκται, καὶ πόθεν αὕτη κεκράτηκεν ἡ συνήθεια. Ὁ γὰρ τοὺς μονάζοντας μόνον ἐπιζητῶν, κἀκείνους μόνους εὖ ποιεῖν θέλων, καὶ ἐκείνους δὲ πάλιν περιεργαζόμενος, καὶ λέγων, Ἐὰν μὴ ᾖ ἄξιος, ἐὰν μὴ ᾖ δίκαιος, ἐὰν μὴ σημεῖα ποιῇ, οὐκ ὀρέγω χεῖρα, τὸ πλέον τῆς ἐλεημοσύνης ἐξεῖλε, καὶ τοῦτο δὲ αὐτὸ τῷ χρόνῳ πάλιν ἀναιρήσει: καίτοι γε ἐλεημοσύνη ἐκείνη ἐστὶν, ἡ εἰς τοὺς ἁμαρτωλοὺς, ἡ εἰς τοὺς ὑπευθύνους γινομένη. Ἐλεημοσύνη γὰρ τοῦτό ἐστιν, οὐ τὸ τοὺς κατωρθωκότας, ἀλλὰ τὸ τοὺς πεπλημμεληκότας ἐλεεῖν. Καὶ ἵνα μάθῃς, ἄκουε τί φησιν ὁ Χριστὸς διὰ τῆς παραβολῆς: Κατῄει, φησὶ, τὶς ἀπὸ Ἱεροσολύμων εἰς Ἱεριχὼ, καὶ λῃσταῖς περιέπεσε: καὶ τυπτήσαντες αὐτὸν, εἴασαν παρὰ τὴν ὁδὸν ἡμιθανῆ τυγχάνοντα. Κατὰ δὲ συγκυρίαν Λευΐτης τις παρὰ τὴν ὁδὸν ἦλθε, καὶ ἰδὼν αὐτὸν, ἀντιπαρῆλθεν: ὁμοίως δὲ καὶ ἱερεύς τις τὸ αὐτὸ ποιήσας παρέδραμεν. Ὕστερον δὲ ἦλθέ τις Σαμαρείτης, καὶ πολλὴν τὴν κηδεμονίαν ἐποιήσατο ἐπ' αὐτῷ. Ἐπέδησε γὰρ τὰ τραύματα, ἐπέσταξεν ἔλαιον, ἀνεβίβασεν αὐτὸν ἐπὶ τὸν ὄνον, ἤγαγεν αὐτὸν εἰς τὸ πανδοχεῖον, εἶπε τῷ πανδοχεῖ: Θεράπευσον αὐτόν. Καὶ ὅρα τὴν φιλοτιμίαν τὴν πολλήν: Καὶ ἐγώ σοι δώσω, φησὶν, ὅσον ἂν ἀναλώσῃς. Εἶτα πυνθάνεται: Τίς οὖν δοκεῖ σοι πλησίον αὐτοῦ γεγονέναι; Ὁ δὲ νομικὸς εἰπὼν, Ὁ ποιήσας τὸ ἔλεος μετ' αὐτοῦ, ἀκούει, Πορεύου οὖν, καὶ σὺ ποίει ὁμοίως. Καὶ θέα ποίαν εἶπε παραβολήν. Οὐκ εἶπεν ὅτι Ἰουδαῖος εἰς Σαμαρείτην ἐποίησεν, ἀλλ' ὅτι Σαμαρείτης τὴν φιλοτιμίαν ἐκείνην ἅπασαν ἐνεδείξατο. Ἐντεῦθεν μανθάνομεν, ἐξ ἴσης προνοεῖσθαι τῶν πάντων, οὐ τῶν οἰκείων τῆς πίστεως μόνον ἐπιμελουμένους, τῶν ἀλλοτρίων δὲ ἀμελοῦντας. Οὕτω τοίνυν καὶ σὺ, ἐὰν ἴδῃς τινὰ κακῶς πάσχοντα, μηδὲν περιεργάζου λοιπόν: ἔχει τὸ δικαίωμα τῆς βοηθείας τὸ κακῶς παθεῖν αὐτόν. Εἰ γὰρ ὄνον ἐὰν ἴδῃς ἀγχόμενον, ἐγείρεις αὐτὸν, καὶ οὐ περιεργάζῃ τίνος ἐστί: πολλῷ μᾶλλον ἄνθρωπον οὐ δεῖ περιεργάζεσθαι τίνος ἐστί: τοῦ Θεοῦ ἐστι, κἂν Ἕλλην ᾖ, κἂν Ἰουδαῖος. Εἰ γὰρ καὶ ἄπιστος, ἀλλὰ βοηθείας δεῖται. Εἰ μὲν γὰρ ἐξετάζειν καὶ κρίνειν ἐπετράπη σοι, καλῶς ταῦτα ἔλεγες: νῦν δὲ ἡ συμφορὰ ταῦτα οὐκ ἀφίησί σε ἐξετάζειν. Εἰ γὰρ οὐδὲ ὑγιαίνοντας περιεργάζεσθαι χρὴ, οὐδὲ τὰ ἑτέρων πολυπραγμονεῖν, πολλῷ μᾶλλον τοὺς κακῶς πάσχοντας. Ἄλλως δὲ τί; Εἶδες εὐθηνοῦντα αὐτὸν ἢ εὐδοκιμοῦντα, ὅτι λέγεις, πονηρός ἐστι καὶ φαῦλος; κακῶς πάσχει: εἰ δὲ κακῶς πάσχοντα ὁρᾷς, μὴ λέγε ὅτι πονηρός ἐστιν. Ὅταν μὲν γὰρ εὐδοκιμῇ, καλῶς ταῦτα λέγομεν: ὅταν δὲ ἐν συμφορᾷ ᾖ καὶ βοηθείας δεῖται, οὐ χρὴ λέγειν ὅτι πονηρός ἐστιν: ὠμότητος γὰρ τοῦτο καὶ ἀπανθρωπίας καὶ ἀλαζονείας. Τί τῶν Ἰουδαίων ἀνομώτερον γέγονεν, εἰπέ μοι; Ἀλλ' ὅμως ἐκόλασεν αὐτοὺς ὁ Θεὸς, καὶ δικαίως, καὶ σφόδρα δικαίως: καὶ ὅμως τοὺς μὲν συναλγοῦντας αὐτοῖς ἀπεδέξατο, τοὺς δὲ ἐφησθέντας ἐκόλασεν. Οὐκ ἔπασχον γὰρ, φησὶν, οὐδὲν ἐπὶ τῇ συντριβῇ τοῦ Ἰωσήφ. Καὶ πάλιν φησίν: Ἐκπρίου κτεινομένους, μὴ φείσῃ. Οὐκ εἶπε, Περιέργασαι, καὶ μάθε τίς ἐστι: καίτοι ὡς τὰ πολλὰ πονηροὶ οἱ ἀπαγόμενοι ἀλλ' εἶπεν ἁπλῶς, Ἐκπρίου, ὅστις ἂν ᾖ, φησί. Τοῦτο γάρ ἐστι μάλιστα ἐλεημοσύνη. Ὁ μὲν γὰρ φίλον εὖ ποιῶν, οὐ διὰ τὸν Θεὸν πάντως ποιεῖ: ὁ δὲ ἀγνῶτα, οὗτος καθαρῶς διὰ τὸν Θεὸν ἐργάζεται. Καὶ ὁ μέν φησι, Μὴ φείσῃ χρημάτων, ἀλλὰ κἂν πάντα δέῃ κενῶσαι, δός: ἡμεῖς δὲ ἀγχομένους ὁρῶντες, ἀποδυρομένους, μυρίων θανάτων χαλεπώτερα πάσχοντας, καὶ ἀδίκως πολλάκις, φειδόμεθα τῶν χρημάτων, καὶ ἀφειδοῦμεν τῶν ἀδελφῶν: τῶν ἀψύχων μὲν κηδόμεθα, ψυχῆς δὲ ἀμελοῦμεν. Καίτοι γε Παῦλος κελεύει ἐν πραότητι παιδεύειν τοὺς ἀντιδιατιθεμένους: μήποτε, φησὶ, δῷ αὐτοῖς ὁ Θεὸς μετάνοιαν εἰς ἐπίγνωσιν τῆς ἀληθείας, καὶ ἀνανήψωσιν ἐκ τῆς τοῦ διαβόλου παγίδος, ἐζωγρημένοι ὑπ' αὐτοῦ εἰς τὸ ἐκείνου θέλημα. _Μήποτε, φησίν: ὁρᾷς πόσης μακροθυμίας τὸ ῥῆμα γέμει; Τοῦτον καὶ ἡμεῖς μιμούμενοι, μηδένα ἀπελπίζωμεν. Καὶ γὰρ οἱ ἁλιεῖς, πολλάκις τὸ ἄγκιστρον ῥίψαντες εἰς τὴν θάλατταν, οὐκ ἐπέτυχον, ὕστερον δὲ βαλόντες, τὸ πᾶν ἀπέλαβον. Οὕτω καὶ ἡμεῖς οὐκ ἀπελπίζομεν, ἀλλὰ προσδοκῶμεν ὅτι ἀθρόον δείξετε ἡμῖν καρπὸν ὥριμον. Καὶ γὰρ ὁ γηπόνος ἐπειδὰν σπείρῃ, καὶ τὴν πρώτην ἡμέραν καὶ τὴν δευτέραν ἀναμένει, καὶ πολὺν χρόνον ἐκδέχεται: εἶτα ἀθρόον πάντοθεν ὁρᾷ τοὺς καρποὺς βλαστάνοντας. Τοῦτο καὶ ἐφ' ὑμῶν ἔσεσθαι προσδοκῶμεν, χάριτι καὶ φιλανθρωπίᾳ τοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ, μεθ' οὗ τῷ Πατρὶ ἅμα τῷ ἁγίῳ Πνεύματι δόξα, κράτος, τιμὴ, νῦν καὶ ἀεὶ, καὶ εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας τῶν αἰώνων. Ἀμήν.