Chapter VIII.

It is with a certain eloquence,25    δεινότητος.    Matt. xxvi. 61. indeed, that he appears to advocate the cause of those who bear witness to the truth of Christianity by their death, in the following words:  “And I do not maintain that if a man, who has adopted a system of good doctrine, is to incur danger from men on that account, he should either apostatize, or feign apostasy, or openly deny his opinions.”  And he condemns those who, while holding the Christian views, either pretend that they do not, or deny them, saying that “he who holds a certain opinion ought not to feign recantation, or publicly disown it.”  And here Celsus must be convicted of self-contradiction.  For from other treatises of his it is ascertained that he was an Epicurean; but here, because he thought that he could assail Christianity with better effect by not professing the opinions of Epicurus, he pretends that there is a something better in man than the earthly part of his nature, which is akin to God, and says that “they in whom this element, viz., the soul, is in a healthy condition, are ever seeking after their kindred nature, meaning God, and are ever desiring to hear something about Him, and to call it to remembrance.”  Observe now the insincerity of his character!  Having said a little before, that “the man who had embraced a system of good doctrine ought not, even if exposed to danger on that account from men, to disavow it, or pretend that he had done so, nor yet openly disown it,” he now involves himself in all manner of contradictions.  For he knew that if he acknowledged himself an Epicurean, he would not obtain any credit when accusing those who, in any degree, introduce the doctrine of Providence, and who place a God over the world.  And we have heard that there were two individuals of the name of Celsus, both of whom were Epicureans; the earlier of the two having lived in the time of Nero, but this one in that of Adrian, and later.

Ἔοικε δὲ μετὰ δεινότητος συναγορεύειν πως τοῖς μαρτυροῦσι τῷ χριστιανισμῷ μέχρι θανάτου λέγων· Καὶ οὐ τοῦτο λέγω, ὡς χρὴ τὸν ἀγαθοῦ δόγματος περιεχόμενον, εἰ μέλλει δι' αὐτὸ κινδυνεύειν παρ' ἀνθρώποις, ἀποστῆναι τοῦ δόγματος ἢ πλάσασθαι ὡς ἀφέστηκεν ἢ ἔξαρνον γενέσθαι. Καὶ καταγινώσκει γε τῶν φρονούντων μὲν τὰ χριστιανισμοῦ προσποιουμένων δὲ μὴ φρονεῖν ἢ ἀρνουμένων, λέγων μὴ δεῖν τὸν ἐν τῷ δόγματι πλάσασθαι ὡς ἀφέστηκεν ἢ ἔξαρνον αὐτοῦ γενέσθαι. Ἐλεγκτέον δὴ ὡς τὰ ἐναντία ἑαυτῷ λέγοντα τὸν Κέλσον. Εὑρίσκεται μὲν γὰρ ἐξ ἄλλων συγγραμμάτων ἐπικούρειος ὤν· ἐνταῦθα δὲ διὰ τὸ δοκεῖν εὐλογώτερον κατηγορεῖν τοῦ λόγου μὴ ὁμολογῶν τὰ Ἐπικούρου προσποιεῖ ται κρεῖττόν τι τοῦ γηΐνου εἶναι ἐν ἀνθρώπῳ συγγενὲς θεοῦ καί φησιν ὅτι οἷς τοῦτο εὖ ἔχει, τουτέστιν ἡ ψυχή, πάντῃ ἐφίενται τοῦ συγγενοῦς, λέγει δὲ τοῦ θεοῦ, καὶ ἀκούειν ἀεί τι καὶ ἀναμιμνήσκεσθαι περὶ ἐκείνου ποθοῦσιν. Ὅρα οὖν τὸ νόθον αὐτοῦ τῆς ψυχῆς, ὅτι προειπών, ὡς χρὴ τὸν ἀγαθοῦ δόγματος περιεχόμενον, καὶ εἰ μέλλει δι' αὐτὸ κινδυνεύειν παρ' ἀνθρώποις, μὴ ἀφίστασθαι τοῦ δόγματος μηδὲ πλάσασθαι ὡς ἀφέστηκε μηδ' ἔξαρνον γενέσθαι, αὐτὸς τοῖς ἐναντίοις πᾶσι περιπίπτει. Ἤδει γὰρ ὅτι ὁμολογῶν ἐπικούρειος εἶναι οὐκ ἂν ἔχοι τὸ ἀξιόπιστον ἐν τῷ κατηγορεῖν τῶν ὅπως ποτὲ πρόνοιαν εἰσαγόντων καὶ θεὸν ἐφιστάντων τοῖς οὖσι. ∆ύο δὲ παρειλήφαμεν Κέλσους γεγονέναι ἐπικου ρείους, τὸν μὲν πρότερον κατὰ Νέρωνα τοῦτον δὲ κατὰ Ἀδριανὸν καὶ κατωτέρω.