XII. THE LORD'S PRAYER: THE PREFACE IN MATTHEW

What I have said, according to my capacity to receive the grace which has been given by God through His Christ, and as I trust in the Holy Spirit also—whether it be so you will judge when you read it—may suffice by way of examination of the general subject of prayer. I shall now proceed to the next task, to consider how full of meaning is the prayer outlined by the Lord. It is first of all to be observed that to most people Matthew and Luke might seem to have recorded the same prayer sketched as a pattern for right prayer. Matthew's words run thus:

Our Father in heaven, hallowed be your name. Your kingdom come. Your will be done, on earth as it is in heaven. Give us this day our daily bread. And forgive us our debts, as we also have forgiven our debtors. And do not bring us to the time of trial, but rescue us from the evil one.

But Luke's run as follows:

Father, hallowed be your name. Your kingdom come. Give us each day our daily bread. And forgive us our sins, for we ourselves forgive everyone indebted to us. And do not bring us to the time of trial.

To those who suppose it to be the same prayer we may reply that the utterances, though they certainly resemble one another, also appear to differ, as I shall set forth in investigating them. In the second place it is not possible that the same prayer should be said on the mountain where "When Jesus saw the crowds, he went up the mountain; and after he sat down, his disciples came to him. Then he began to speak, and taught them, saying"—for it is in the course of the recital of the Beatitudes and the subsequent injunctions that it is found recorded in Matthew. It also have been said, "He was praying in a certain place, and after he had finished, one of his disciples said to him, "Lord, teach us to pray, as John taught his disciples."

It is surely impossible that the same words should be described as having been spoken in the course of continuous utterance without any question to precede them and as being announced in response to a disciple's request. One might, however, say the prayers are equivalent and were spoken as one. On the one occasion in continuous discourse, on the other in response to the request of a different disciple who in all likelihood was not present when He spoke the form in Matthew or had not mastered what had earlier been spoken. But perhaps it is better that the prayers be regarded as different, with certain portions in common.

In Mark, though I have searched there also in case the record of an equivalent should escape me, I have not found so much as a vestige of a prayer contained. I have already said that before praying one must first be composed and disposed in a particular manner. Let us therefore glance at the words preceding the prayer contained in Matthew, which were uttered by our Savior. They are as follows: And whenever you pray, do not be like the hypocrites; for they love to stand and pray in the synagogues and at the street corners, so that they may be seen by others.

Truly I tell you, they have received their reward. But whenever you pray, go into your room and shut the door and pray to your Father who is in secret; and your Father who sees in secret will reward you. When you are praying, do not heap up empty phrases as the Gentiles do; for they think that they will be heard because of their many words. Do not be like them, for your Father knows what you need before you ask him.

Pray then in this way: Our Savior often appears as inveighing against the love of glory as a deadly passion, just as He has done in this place where He dissuades us from the practice of actors at the season of prayer, for it is a practice of actors rather to plume themselves in piety before men rather than to have communion with God.

Remembering then the words, "How can you believe when you accept glory from one another and do not seek the glory that comes from the one who alone is God?" we ought to despise all glory with men even though it be thought honorably gained and to seek the strict and true glory which is from Him alone who glorifies the deserving in a manner becoming to Himself and exceeding the desert of the person glorified. The very act which would in itself be thought honorable and is thought praiseworthy is polluted when we do it to be glorified by men or to appear to men, and on that account it is attended by no recompense from God. Unerring as the whole of Jesus' language is, it becomes even more so when it is spoken with His accustomed oath.

Of those who for human glory seem to do good to their neighbor, or pray in synagogues and at broadway corners, he says. "Truly I tell you, they have received their reward." For as the rich man according to Luke had good things in his human life, being no longer capable of obtaining them after the present life because he had had them, so he that has his reward, as having sown not "unto the spirit" but "unto the flesh" shall "reap corruption" but shall not "reap eternal life" in his giving or in his prayers.

It is sowing unto the flesh when one does alms, with trumpeting before him, in synagogues and thoroughfares to be glorified by men, or likes to pray standing in synagogues and at broadway corners to appear to men and thought a pious and a holy person among the onlookers. Indeed every wayfarer along the broad and spacious way leading to destruction without rightness or straightness but crooked and cornered throughout, (for the straight line is broken in it to the utmost), is standing no less than he who prays at broadway corners, not in one but through his love of pleasure in a number of streets in which beings who as men are perishing because they have fallen away from their divinity, are to be found glorifying and pronouncing blessed those whom they have thought to act piously.

There are always many who are rather pleasure-loving than God-loving in their seeming prayer who debauch prayer amid banqueting and carousing, standing in truth at the broadway corners and praying. For everyone who has made pleasure his rule of life has in his passion for the spacious fallen out of the narrow straitened way of Jesus Christ that is without a single bend and has no corner at all.

There is a certain difference between Church and Synagogue. The church in the strict sense is without "a spot or wrinkle or anything of the kind," is holy and blameless. Into it enters neither child of harlot, nor eunuch or emasenlate, nor yet Egyptian or Edomite unless sons born to them in the third generation enables them with difficulty to join the church, nor Moabite and Ammonite, unless the tenth generation is complete and the aeon passed.

The Synagogue on the other hand may be built by a centurion, as was the case in times preceding the sojourn of Jesus when as yet witness had not yet been borne that the man possessed faith such as the Son of God did not find even in Israel. Now he who likes to pray in synagogues is not far from broadway corners. But it is not so with the saint, for he loves, not likes to pray, in churches, not broadway corners, in the straightness of the narrow straitened way, not to appear to men, but to present himself before the Lord God, a male in the sense that he observes the acceptable year of the Lord and keeps the commandment which says, "Thrice in the year shall every male present himself before the Lord God."

We are to attend to the word "appear" carefully, since no appearance is a good inasmuch as it only seems to exist and not in truth, and misleads the senses and expresses nothing exactly and truly. As actors of plays in theatres are not what they profess nor are really what the mask they wear makes them look like, so too all who appear to assume the outward sensible form of goodness and are not righteous but actors of righteousness, acting moreover in a theatre of their own—namely synagogues and broadway corners. But he that is no actor but has cast off all that is alien to him and sets himself to please in that theatre which is inconceivably greater than any which has been mentioned, enters into his own storeroom to the riches therein treasured up, and shuts up after him his treasury of wisdom and knowledge.

Never turning his glance outwards or doting on things outside, having shut up every door of the senses that he may not be drawn away by sensations or have their sensible presentation stealing into his mind, prays to the Father who does not shun or desert a place so secret but dwells in it, the Only Begotten also being present with Him. For He says "I and the Father will come unto him and make abode with him." And plainly, if we do pray thus, we shall be interceding not only with a God but also with a Father who is righteous, who does not desert us as His children but is present in our secret place and watches it and increases the contents of the storeroom if we shut up its door.

When we pray let us not babble but use godly speech. We babble when, without scrutiny of ourselves or of the devotional words we are sending up, we speak of the corrupt in deed or word or thought, things which are mean and reprehensible and alien to the incorruptibleness of the Lord. He, then, that babbles in prayer is in a synagogic disposition worse than any yet described and in a harder way than those who are at broadway corners, preserving not as much as a vestige even of acting in goodness.

For according to the passage in the Gospel only heathen babble, being quite insensible of great or heavenly petitions and therefore sending up every prayer for the material and the external. To a babbling heathen, then, is he like who asks for things below from the Lord who dwells in heaven and above the heights of the heavens.

He who is wordy also seems to be a babbler and he who babbles to be wordy. There is no unity in matter and in bodily substances, but every such supposed unity is split up and divided and disintegrated into many units to the loss of its union. Good is one; many are the base. Truth is one; many are the false. True righteousness is one; many are the states that act it as a part. God's wisdom is one; many are the wisdoms of this age and of the rulers of this age which come to nought. The word of God is one, but many are the words alien to God.

Therefore no one shall escape Sin as the result of wordiness, and no one who thinks to be heard as the result of wordiness can be heard. For this reason we ought not to make our prayers like heathen babbling or wordiness or other practice after the likeness of the serpent, for the God of saints, being a Father, knows of what things His children have need, since such things are worthy of Fatherly knowledge.

He who knows not God knows not the things of God also—knows not the things of which he has need, for the things of which he thinks he has need are mistaken. But he who has contemplated the better and diviner things of which he is in need shall obtain the objects of his contemplation which are known by God and which have been known by the Father even before asking. After these remarks upon the preface to the prayer in the Gospel according to Matthew, let us now proceed to consider what the prayer sets forth.

[18] Αὐτάρκως δὴ ἐν τούτοις, κατὰ τὴν δεδομένην χάριν, ὡς κεχωρήκαμεν, ὑπὸ θεοῦ διὰ τοῦ Χριστοῦ αὐτοῦ (ἀλλ' εἴθε καὶ ἐν ἁγίῳ πνεύματι, ὅπερ εἰ οὕτως ἔχει, κρινεῖτε ἐντυγχάνοντες τῇ γραφῇ) ἡμῖν εἰρημένοις, ἐξετάσαντες τὸ περὶ εὐχῆς πρόβλημα, ἤδη καὶ ἐπὶ τὸν ἑξῆς ἆθλον ἐλευσόμεθα, τὴν ὑπογραφεῖσαν ὑπὸ τοῦ κυρίου προσευχὴν, ὅσης δυνάμεως πεπλήρωται, θεωρῆσαι βουλόμενοι. καὶ πρὸ πάντων γε παρατηρητέον ὅτι ὁ Ματθαῖος καὶ ὁ Λουκᾶς δόξαιεν ἂν τοῖς πολλοῖς τὴν αὐτὴν ἀναγεγραφέναι ὑποτετυπωμένην πρὸς τὸ δεῖν οὕτως προσεύχεσθαι προσευχήν. ἔχουσι δὲ αἱ λέξεις τοῦ μὲν Ματθαίου τὸν τρόπον τοῦτον: „–πάτερ ἡμῶν ὁ ἐν τοῖς οὐρανοῖς, ἁγιασθήτω τὸ ὄνομά σου: ἐλθέτω ἡ βασιλεία σου: γενηθήτω τὸ θέλημά σου ὡς ἐν οὐρανῷ καὶ ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς: τὸν ἄρτον ἡμῶν τὸν ἐπιούσιον δὸς ἡμῖν σήμερον: καὶ ἄφες ἡμῖν τὰ ὀφειλήματα ἡμῶν, ὡς καὶ ἡμεῖς ἀφήκαμεν τοῖς ὀφειλέταις ἡμῶν: καὶ μὴ εἰσενέγκῃς ἡμᾶς εἰς πειρασμὸν, ἀλλὰ ῥῦσαι ἡμᾶς ἀπὸ τοῦ πονηροῦ–,” τοῦ δὲ Λουκᾶ οὕτως: ”–πάτερ, ἁγιασθήτω τὸ ὄνομά σου: ἐλθέτω ἡ βασιλεία σου: τὸν ἄρτον ἡμῶν τὸν ἐπιούσιον δίδου ἡμῖν τὸ καθ' ἡμέραν: καὶ ἄφες ἡμῖν τὰς ἁμαρτίας ἡμῶν, καὶ γὰρ αὐτοὶ ἀφίεμεν παντὶ τῷ ὀφείλοντι ἡμῖν: καὶ μὴ εἰσενέγκῃς ἡμᾶς εἰς πειρασμόν–.„ λεκτέον δὲ πρὸς τοὺς οὕτως ὑπολαμβάνοντας ὅτι πρῶτον μὲν τὰ ῥήματα, εἰ καὶ γειτνιῶντά τινα ἔχει ἀλλήλοις, ἀλλὰ καὶ ἐν ἄλλοις διαφέρειν φαίνεται, ὡς ἐρευνῶντες αὐτὰ παραστήσομεν: δεύτερον δὲ ὅτι οὐχ οἷόν τε ἐστὶ τὴν αὐτὴν προσευχὴν καὶ ἐν τῷ ὄρει λέγεσθαι, ἔνθα „ἰδὼν τοὺς ὄχλους ἀνέβη,” ὅτε ”καθίσαντος αὐτοῦ προσῆλθον αὐτῷ οἱ μαθηταὶ αὐτοῦ, καὶ ἀνοίξας τὸ στόμα αὐτοῦ ἐδίδασκεν„ (ἐν γὰρ τῷ εἱρμῷ τῆς περὶ τῶν μακαρισμῶν ἀπαγγελίας καὶ τῶν ἑξῆς ἐντολῶν παρὰ τῷ Ματθαίῳ αὕτη ἀναγεγραμμένη εὑρίσκεται), καὶ „ἐν τῷ εἶναι αὐτὸν ἐν τόπῳ τινὶ προσευχόμενον, ὡς ἐπαύσατο,” εἰρῆσθαι πρός τινα ”τῶν μαθητῶν„ ἀξιώσαντα διδαχθῆναι „προσεύχεσθαι, ὡς καὶ Ἰωάννης ἐδίδασκε τοὺς μαθητὰς αὐτοῦ.” πῶς γὰρ ἐνδέχεται τοὺς αὐτοὺς λόγους χωρὶς πάσης προγενομένης πεύσεως ἀποτακτικῶς εἰρῆσθαι καὶ πρὸς ἀξίωσιν μαθητοῦ ἀπαγγέλλεσθαι; ἀλλ' ἴσως τις εἴποι ἂν πρὸς τοῦτο ὅτι ἰσοδυναμοῦσαί εἰσιν αἱ εὐχαὶ εἰρημέναι ὡς μία, ὁτὲ μὲν ἐν ἀποτατικῷ λόγῳ ὁτὲ δὲ πρὸς ἕτερον τῶν μαθητῶν τὸν ἀξιώσαντα, κατὰ τὸ εἰκὸς τότε μὴ παρόντα, ὅτε ἔλεγε τὸ κατὰ τὸν Ματθαῖον, ἢ μὴ κεκρατηκότα τῶν εἰρημένων πάλαι: μή ποτε δὲ βέλτιον ᾖ διαφόρους νομίζεσθαι τὰς προσευχὰς, κοινά τινα ἐχούσας μέρη. ζητήσαντες δὲ καὶ παρὰ τῷ Μάρκῳ, μή ποτε λανθάνῃ ἡμᾶς ἡ τοιαύτη ἰσοδυναμοῦσα ἀναγεγραμμένη, οὐδ' ἴχνος ἐγκείμενον προσευχῆς εὕρομεν.

[19] Ἐπεὶ δὲ, ὡς ἐν τοῖς ἀνωτέροις εἰρήκαμεν, πρῶτον δεῖ καταστῆναί πως καὶ διατεθῆναι τὸν προσευχόμενον εἶθ' οὕτως εὔξασθαι, ἴδωμεν πρὸ τῆς ἐγκειμένης προσευχῆς παρὰ τῷ Ματθαίῳ τοὺς περὶ αὐτῆς ὑπὸ τοῦ σωτῆρος ἡμῶν ἀπηγγελμένους –λόγους–, οἵτινες οὕτως ἔχουσιν: ”ὅταν προσεύχησθε, οὐκ ἔσεσθε ὥσπερ οἱ ὑποκριταί: ὅτι φιλοῦσιν ἐν ταῖς συναγωγαῖς καὶ ἐν ταῖς γωνίαις τῶν πλατειῶν ἑστῶτες προσεύχεσθαι, ὅπως φανῶσι τοῖς ἀνθρώποις. ἀμὴν λέγω ὑμῖν ὅτι ἀπέχουσι τὸν μισθὸν αὐτῶν. σὺ δὲ ὅταν προσεύχῃ, εἴσελθε εἰς τὸ ταμεῖόν σου καὶ κλείσας τὴν θύραν σου πρόσευξαι τῷ πατρί σου τῷ ἐν τῷ κρυπτῷ, καὶ ὁ πατήρ σου ὁ βλέπων σε ἐν τῷ κρυπτῷ ἀποδώσει σοι. προσευχόμενοι δὲ μὴ βαττολογήσητε ὥσπερ οἱ ἐθνικοί: δοκοῦσι γὰρ ὅτι ἐν τῇ πολυλογίᾳ αὐτῶν εἰσακουσθήσονται. μὴ οὖν ὁμοιωθῆτε αὐτοῖς: οἶδε γὰρ ὁ πατὴρ ὑμῶν ὧν χρείαν ἔχετε πρὸ τοῦ ὑμᾶς αἰτῆσαι αὐτόν. οὕτως οὖν προσεύχεσθε ὑμεῖς.„ πολλαχοῦ τοίνυν φαίνεται ὁ σωτὴρ ἡμῶν ἐνιστάμενος ὡς πρὸς ὀλέθριον πάθος τὴν φιλοδοξίαν: ὅπερ καὶ ἐνθάδε πεποίηκεν, ἀποτρέπων κατὰ τὸν καιρὸν τῆς εὐχῆς ὑποκριτῶν ἔργον ἐπιτελεῖν: ὑποκριτῶν γὰρ ἔργον ἐστὶ τὸ τοῖς ἀνθρώποις ἐναβρύνεσθαι ἐπ' εὐσεβείᾳ θέλειν ἢ τῷ κοινωνικῷ. δέον δὲ μεμνημένους τοῦ „πῶς δύνασθε πιστεῦσαι ὑμεῖς, δόξαν παρὰ ἀνθρώπων λαβόντες, καὶ τὴν δόξαν τὴν παρὰ τοῦ μόνου θεοῦ οὐ ζητεῖτε;” πάσης τῆς παρὰ ἀνθρώποις δόξης, κἂν ἐπὶ τῷ καλῷ γίνεσθαι νομίζηται, καταφρονεῖν καὶ ζητεῖν τὴν κυρίαν δόξαν καὶ ἀληθῆ τὴν ἀπὸ τοῦ μόνου τὸν τῆς δόξης ἄξιον πρεπόντως ἑαυτῷ ὑπὲρ τὴν ἀξίαν τοῦ δοξαζομένου δοξάζοντος. καὶ αὐτὸ οὖν τὸ νομισθὲν ἂν καλὸν εἶναι καὶ ἐπαινετὸν μολύνεται νομιζόμενον γίνεσθαι, ὅτε, ”ὅπως„ δοξασθῶμεν „ὑπὸ τῶν ἀνθρώπων” ἢ ”ὅπως„ φανῶμεν „τοῖς ἀνθρώποις,” ποιοῦμεν αὐτό: διόπερ οὐδεμία ἐπὶ τούτῳ ἀπὸ θεοῦ ἀμοιβὴ ἡμῖν ἕπεται. ἀψευδὴς γὰρ πᾶς ὁ τοῦ Ἰησοῦ λόγος καὶ, εἰ δεῖ βιαζόμενον εἰπεῖν, ἀψευδέστερος γίνεται, ἐπὰν μετὰ τοῦ συνήθους αὐτοῦ ὅρκου λέγηται. φησὶ δὲ περὶ τῶν δι' ἀνθρωπίνην δόξαν εὖ τὸν πέλας δοκούντων ποιεῖν ἢ ”ἐν ταῖς συναγωγαῖς καὶ ταῖς γωνίαις τῶν πλατειῶν„ προσευχομένων, „ὅπως φανῶσι τοῖς ἀνθρώποις,” τὸ αὐτό: ”ἀμὴν λέγω ὑμῖν, ἀπέχουσι τὸν μισθὸν αὐτῶν.„ ὥσπερ γὰρ ἀπέσχεν ὁ κατὰ Λουκᾶν πλούσιος „τὰ ἀγαθὰ” ”ἐν τῇ„ ἑαυτοῦ ἀνθρωπίνῃ „ζωῇ,” διὰ τὸ ἀπεσχηκέναι ταῦτα οὐκέτι χωρῶν τυχεῖν αὐτῶν μετὰ τὸν ἐνεστηκότα βίον: οὕτως ὁ ἀπέχων ἑαυτοῦ ”τὸν μισθὸν,„ εἴ τι δώσει τινὶ ἢ ἐν εὐχαῖς, ἅτε μὴ σπείρας „εἰς τὸ πνεῦμα” ἀλλὰ ”εἰς τὴν σάρκα,„ „θερίσει” μὲν τὴν ”φθορὰν,„ οὐ „θερίσει” δὲ τὴν ”αἰώνιον ζωήν.„ „εἰς τὴν σάρκα” δὲ σπείρει ὁ ”ἐν ταῖς συναγωγαῖς καὶ ταῖς ῥύμαις, ὅπως„ δοξασθῇ „ὑπὸ τῶν ἀνθρώπων,” ποιῶν ”ἐλεημοσύνην„ μετὰ σαλπισμοῦ τοῦ „ἔμπροσθεν” ἑαυτοῦ, ἢ ὁ φιλῶν ”ἐν ταῖς συναγωγαῖς καὶ ταῖς γωνίαις τῶν πλατειῶν„ ἑστὼς „προσεύχεσθαι, ὅπως” φανεὶς ”τοῖς ἀνθρώποις„ εὐσεβής τις καὶ ὅσιος εἶναι παρὰ τοῖς ἑωρακόσι νομισθῇ. ἀλλὰ καὶ πᾶς ὁ τὴν πλατεῖαν καὶ εὐρύχωρον ὁδεύων ὁδὸν, τὴν ἀπάγουσαν ἐπὶ „τὴν ἀπώλειαν,” οὐδὲν ὀρθὸν καὶ εὐθὲς ἔχουσαν ἀλλὰ πᾶσαν σκολιὰν τυγχάνουσαν καὶ γεγωνιωμένην (κέκλασται γὰρ ἐπὶ πλεῖστον ἡ εὐθεῖα), ἐν αὐτῇ ἕστηκεν οὐ καλῶς, ”ἐν ταῖς γωνίαις τῶν πλατειῶν„ προσευχόμενος, διὰ τῆς φιληδονίας οὐχὶ ἐν μιᾷ ἀλλ' ἐν πλείοσι γινόμενος πλατείαις: ἐν αἷς οἱ „ὡς ἄνθρωποι” ἀποθνῄσκοντες διὰ τὸ τῆς θεότητος ἀποπεπτωκέναι τυγχάνουσι δοξάζοντες καὶ μακαρίζοντες τοὺς ἐν ταῖς πλατείαις ἀσεβεῖν αὐτοῖς νενομισμένους. πολλοὶ δὲ ἀεὶ οἱ φαινόμενοι ἐν τῷ προσεύχεσθαι ”φιλήδονοι μᾶλλον ἢ φιλόθεοι,„ ἐν μέσοις τοῖς συμποσίοις καὶ παρὰ ταῖς μέθαις ἐμπαροινοῦντες τῇ προσευχῇ, ἀληθῶς „ἐν ταῖς γωνίαις τῶν πλατειῶν ἑστῶτες” καὶ προσευχόμενοι: πᾶς γὰρ ὁ κατὰ τὴν ἡδονὴν βιοὺς, τὸ εὐρύχωρον ἀγαπήσας ἐκπέπτωκε τῆς στενῆς καὶ τεθλιμμένης ὁδοῦ Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ, οὐδὲ τὴν τυχοῦσαν ἐχούσης κάμπην καὶ οὐδὲ ὅλως γεγωνιωμένης.

[20] Εἰ δέ ἐστι τὶς διαφορὰ ἐκκλησίας καὶ συναγωγῆς (τῆς μὲν κυρίως ἐκκλησίας οὐκ ἐχούσης ”σπῖλον ἢ ῥυτίδα ἤ τι τῶν τοιούτων ἀλλὰ„ ἁγίας καὶ ἀμώμου τυγχανούσης, εἰς ἣν οὔτε ὁ „ἐκ πόρνης” εἰσέρχεται οὔτε ὁ ”θλαδίας„ ἢ „ἀποκεκομμένος” ἀλλ' οὐδὲ Αἰγύπτιος ἢ Ἰδουμαῖος, ἐὰν μὴ υἱῶν γεννηθέντων αὐτοῖς διὰ τὴν τρίτην γενεὰν μόλις δυνηθῶσιν ἐφαρμόσαι τῇ ἐκκλησίᾳ, οὐδὲ ὁ ”Μωαβίτης„ καὶ „Ἀμμανίτης,” ἐὰν μὴ δεκάτη γενεὰ πληρωθῇ καὶ ὁ αἰὼν τελεσθῇ: τῆς δὲ συναγωγῆς ὑπὸ ἑκατοντάρχου οἰκοδομουμένης, ἐν τοῖς πρὸ τῆς Ἰησοῦ ἐπιδημίας χρόνοις τοῦτο ποιοῦντος, ὅτε οὐδέπω μεμαρτύρηται ”πίστιν„ ἔχειν, ὁπόσην „οὐδὲ ἐν τῷ Ἰσραὴλ” εὗρεν ὁ υἱὸς τοῦ θεοῦ), ὁ φιλῶν δὴ ”προσεύχεσθαι„ „ἐν ταῖς συναγωγαῖς” οὐ μακράν ἐστι τῶν γωνιῶν ”τῶν πλατειῶν.„ ἀλλ' οὐχ ὁ ἅγιος τοιοῦτος: οὐ φιλεῖ γὰρ „προσεύχεσθαι” ἀλλὰ ἀγαπᾷ, καὶ οὐκ ”ἐν συναγωγαῖς„ ἀλλ' ἐν ἐκκλησίαις, καὶ οὐκ „ἐν γωνίαις πλατειῶν” ἀλλ' ἐν τῇ εὐθύτητι τῆς στενῆς καὶ τεθλιμμένης ὁδοῦ, ἀλλὰ καὶ οὐχ ἵνα φανῇ ”τοῖς ἀνθρώποις„ ἀλλ' ἵν' ὀφθῇ „ἐνώπιον κυρίου τοῦ θεοῦ.” ἄῤῥην γάρ ἐστι τὸν ”δεκτὸν ἐνιαυτὸν κυρίου„ νοῶν καὶ τὴν ἐντολὴν τηρῶν τὴν λέγουσαν: „τρὶς τοῦ ἐνιαυτοῦ ὀφθήσεται πᾶν ἀρσενικὸν ἐνώπιον κυρίου τοῦ θεοῦ.” ἐπιμελῶς δὲ ἀκουστέον τοῦ ”φανῶσιν,„ ἐπεὶ οὐδὲν φαινόμενον καλόν ἐστιν, οἱονεὶ δοκήσει ὂν καὶ οὐκ ἀληθῶς καὶ τὴν φαντασίαν πλανῶν ἀλλ' οὐκ ἀκριβῶς καὶ ἀληθῶς ἐκτυποῦν. ὥσπερ δὲ οἱ ἐν τοῖς θεάτροις δραμάτων τινῶν ὑποκριταὶ οὐχ ὅπερ λέγουσίν εἰσιν, οὐδ' ὅπερ βλέπονται καθ' ὃ περίκεινται πρόσωπον τοῦτο τυγχάνουσιν: οὕτως καὶ πάντες οἱ ἐπιμορφάζοντες τῷ δοκεῖν τὴν τοῦ καλοῦ φαντασίαν οὐ δίκαιοι ἀλλ' ὑποκριταί εἰσι δικαιοσύνης, καὶ αὐτοὶ ἐν ἰδίῳ θεάτρῳ ὑποκρινόμενοι, „ταῖς συναγωγαῖς καὶ ταῖς γωνίαις τῶν πλατειῶν.” ὁ δὲ μὴ ὑποκριτὴς ἀλλὰ πᾶν τὸ ἀλλότριον ἀποθέμενος, ἐν τῷ παντὸς τοῦ προειρημένου θεάτρου καθ' ὑπερβολὴν μείζονι ἑαυτὸν ἀρέσκειν εὐτρεπίζων, εἰσέρχεται εἰς τὸ ἑαυτοῦ ”ταμεῖον,„ ἐπὶ τοῦ ἐναποτεθησαυρισμένου πλούτου τὸν „τῆς σοφίας καὶ γνώσεως” θησαυρὸν ἑαυτῷ ἀποκλείσας: καὶ μηδαμῶς ἔξω νεύων μηδὲ περὶ τὰ ἔξω κεχηνὼς πᾶσάν τε ”τὴν θύραν„ τῶν αἰσθητηρίων ἀποκλείσας, ἵνα μὴ ἕλκηται ὑπὸ τῶν αἰσθήσεων μηδὲ ἐκείνων ἡ φαντασία τῷ νῷ αὐτοῦ ἐπεισκρίνηται, προσεύχεται τῷ τὸ τοιοῦτον κρυπτὸν μὴ φεύγοντι μηδὲ ἐγκαταλείποντι πατρὶ ἀλλ' ἐν αὐτῷ κατοικοῦντι, συμπαρόντος αὐτῷ καὶ τοῦ μονογενοῦς. ἐγὼ γὰρ, φησὶ, „καὶ ὁ πατὴρ” ”πρὸς αὐτὸν ἐλευσόμεθα καὶ μονὴν παρ' αὐτῷ ποιησόμεθα.„ δῆλον δὲ ὅτι τῷ δικαίῳ, ἐὰν δὴ οὕτως εὐχώμεθα, οὐ μόνον θεῷ ἀλλὰ καὶ πατρὶ ἐντευξόμεθα, ὡς υἱῶν μὴ ἀπολειπομένῳ ἀλλὰ παρόντι ἡμῶν „τῷ κρυπτῷ” καὶ ἐφορῶντι αὐτὸ καὶ πλείονα τὰ ἐν τῷ ταμείῳ ποιοῦντι, ἐὰν αὐτοῦ ”τὴν θύραν„ ἀποκλείσωμεν.

[21] Ἀλλὰ προσευχόμενοι μὴ βαττολογήσωμεν ἀλλὰ θεολογήσωμεν. βαττολογοῦμεν δὲ, ὅτε μὴ μωμοσκοποῦντες ἑαυτοὺς ἢ τοὺς ἀναπεμπομένους τῆς εὐχῆς λόγους λέγομεν τὰ διεφθαρμένα ἔργα ἢ λόγους ἢ νοήματα, ταπεινὰ τυγχάνοντα καὶ ἐπίληπτα, τῆς ἀφθαρσίας ἀλλότρια τοῦ κυρίου. ὁ μέντοι βαττολογῶν ἐν τῷ εὔχεσθαι ἤδη καὶ ἐν τῇ χείρονι τῶν προειρημένων ἡμῖν συναγωγικῇ ἐστι καταστάσει τε –καὶ– χαλεπωτέρᾳ τῶν ἐν ταῖς πλατείαις γωνιῶν ὁδῷ οὐδὲ ἴχνος σῴζων κἂν ὑποκρίσεως ἀγαθοῦ. βαττολογοῦσι γὰρ κατὰ τὴν λέξιν τοῦ εὐαγγελίου μόνοι „οἱ ἐθνικοὶ,” οὐδὲ φαντασίαν μεγάλων ἔχοντες ἢ ἐπουρανίων αἰτημάτων, πᾶσαν εὐχὴν –περὶ– τῶν σωματικῶν καὶ τῶν ἐκτὸς ἀναπέμποντες. ἐθνικῷ οὖν βαττολογοῦντι ὁμοιοῦται ὁ τὰ κάτω ἀπὸ τοῦ ἐν οὐρανοῖς καὶ ὑπὲρ τὰ ὕψη τῶν οὐρανῶν κατοικοῦντος κυρίου αἰτῶν. καὶ ἔοικέ γε ὁ πολυλογῶν βαττολογεῖν, καὶ ὁ βαττολογῶν πολυλογεῖν. οὐδὲν γὰρ ἓν τῆς ὕλης καὶ τῶν σωμάτων, ἀλλ' ἕκαστον τῶν νομιζομένων ἓν ἔσχισται καὶ διακέκοπται καὶ διῄρηται εἰς πλείονα τὴν ἕνωσιν ἀπολωλεκός: ἓν γὰρ τὸ ἀγαθὸν πολλὰ δὲ τὰ αἰσχρὰ, καὶ ἓν ἡ ἀλήθεια πολλὰ δὲ τὰ ψευδῆ, καὶ ἓν ἡ ἀληθὴς δικαιοσύνη, πολλαὶ δὲ ἕξεις ταύτην ὑποκρίνονται, καὶ ἓν ἡ τοῦ θεοῦ σοφία, πολλαὶ δὲ αἱ καταργούμεναι ”τοῦ αἰῶνος τούτου„ καὶ „τῶν ἀρχόντων τοῦ αἰῶνος τούτου,” καὶ εἷς μὲν ὁ τοῦ θεοῦ λόγος, πολλοὶ δὲ οἱ ἀλλότριοι τοῦ θεοῦ. διὰ τοῦτο οὐδεὶς ἐκφεύξεται ”ἁμαρτίαν„ „ἐκ πολυλογίας,” καὶ οὐδεὶς δοκῶν ”ἐκ πολυλογίας„ εἰσακουσθήσεσθαι εἰσακούεσθαι δύναται. διόπερ οὐχ ὁμοιωτέον ἐστὶ τὰς εὐχὰς ἡμῶν τοῖς ἐθνικοῖς βαττολογοῦσιν ἢ πολυλογοῦσιν ἢ ὅ τι δή ποτε πράττουσι „κατὰ τὴν ὁμοίωσιν τοῦ ὄφεως”: ”οἶδε γὰρ„ ὁ τῶν ἁγίων θεὸς, „πατὴρ” ὢν, ”ὧν χρείαν„ ἔχουσιν οἱ υἱοὶ αὐτοῦ, ἐπεὶ ἄξια τυγχάνει τῆς πατρικῆς γνώσεως. εἰ δέ τις ἀγνοεῖ τὸν θεὸν, καὶ τὰ τοῦ θεοῦ ἀγνοεῖ, ἀγνοεῖ δὲ τὰ „ὧν χρείαν” ἔχει: διημαρτημένα γάρ ἐστι τὰ ”ὧν χρείαν„ ἔχειν νομίζει: ὁ δὲ τεθεωρηκὼς ὧν ἐστιν ἐνδεὴς κρειττόνων καὶ θειοτέρων, γινωσκομένων ὑπὸ θεοῦ τεύξεται ὧν τεθεώρηκε καὶ ἐγνωσμένων τῷ πατρὶ καὶ πρὸ τῆς αἰτήσεως. τούτων δὴ εἰς τὰ πρὸ τῆς ἐν τῷ κατὰ Ματθαῖον εὐχῆς εἰρημένων, ἤδη θεασώμεθα καὶ τὰ δηλούμενα ἀπὸ τῆς εὐχῆς.