Chapter XI.—The Sin of Men Due Not to Fate, But to Free-Will.

How, then, shall I admit this nativity according to Fate, when I see such managers of Fate? I do not wish to be a king; I am not anxious to be rich; I decline military command; I detest fornication; I am not impelled by an insatiable love of gain to go to sea; I do not contend for chaplets; I am free from a mad thirst for fame; I despise death; I am superior to every kind of disease; grief does not consume my soul. Am I a slave, I endure servitude. Am I free, I do not make a vaunt of my good birth. I see that the same sun is for all, and one death for all, whether they live in pleasure or destitution. The rich man sows, and the poor man partakes of the same sowing. The wealthiest die, and beggars have the same limits to their life. The rich lack many things, and are glorious only through the estimation they are held in;32    Or, reading with Maranus, κἃν … γεν., “even though,” etc. but the poor man and he who has very moderate desires, seeking as he does only the things suited to his lot, more easily obtains his purpose. How is it that you are fated to be sleepless through avarice? Why are you fated to grasp at things often, and often to die? Die to the world, repudiating the madness that is in it. Live to God, and by apprehending Him lay aside your old nature.33    [Think of a Chaldean heathen, by the power of grace, thus transformed. Sapiens solus liber, but the Christian alone is wise. This chapter compares favourably with the eloquence of Chrysostom in his letter to Cyriac, which, if spurious, is made up of passages to be found elsewhere in his works. Tom. iii. p. 683. Ed. Migne, Paris, 1859.] We were not created to die, but we die by our own fault.34    [Comp. cap. xv., infra, and the note 6, p. 71.] Our free-will has destroyed us; we who were free have become slaves; we have been sold through sin. Nothing evil has been created by God; we ourselves have manifested wickedness; but we, who have manifested it, are able again to reject it.

11.1 Πῶς οὖν γένεσιν τὴν καθ' εἱμαρμένην ἀποδέξομαι τοιούτους αὐτῆς τοὺς οἰκονόμους θεωρῶν; βασιλεύειν οὐ θέλω, πλουτεῖν οὐ βούλομαι, τὴν στρατηγίαν παρῄτημαι, πορνείαν μεμίσηκα, ναυτίλλεσθαι διὰ τὴν ἀπληστίαν οὐκ ἐπιτηδεύω, στεφάνους ἔχειν οὐκ ἀγωνίζομαι, δοξομανίας ἀπήλλαγμαι, θανάτου καταφρονῶ, νόσου παντοδαπῆς ἀνώτερος γίνομαι, λύπη μου τὴν ψυχὴν οὐκ ἀναλίσκει. _δ_ο_ῦ_λ_ο_ς ἐὰν ὦ, τὴν δουλείαν ὑπομένω· κἂν _ἐ_λ_ε_ύ_θ_ε_ρ_ο_ς ὑπάρχω, τὴν εὐγένειαν οὐ σεμνύνομαι. τὸν ἥλιον ὁρῶ πάντων τὸν αὐτόν, ἕνα δὲ κατὰ πάντων τὸν θάνατον δι' ἡδονῆς καὶ ἐλαττώματος. ὁ πλούσιος σπείρει, καὶ ὁ πένης τῆς αὐτῆς σπορᾶς μεταλαμβάνει· τελευτῶσιν οἱ πλουσιώτατοι καὶ οἱ μεταιτοῦντες τὴν αὐτὴν ἔχουσι τοῦ βίου περιγραφήν. πλειόνων χρῄζουσιν 11.2 οἱ πλουτοῦντες καὶ δι' ἀξιοπιστίας μετὰ τῆς δόξης γίνονται πένης δὲ καὶ ὁ μετριώτατος τῶν καθ' ἑαυτὸν ἐφιέμενος εὐμαρέστερον περιγίνεται. τί μοι καθ' εἱμαρμένην ἀγρυπνεῖς διὰ φιλαργυρίαν; τί δέ μοι καθ' εἱμαρμένην πολλάκις ὀρεγόμενος πολλάκις ἀποθνήσκεις; _ἀ_π_ό_θνησκε τῷ κόσμῳ παραιτούμενος τὴν ἐν αὐτῷ μανίαν· _ζ_ῆ_θ_ι_ τῷ θεῷ διὰ τῆς αὐτοῦ καταλήψεως τὴν παλαιὰν γένεσιν παραιτούμενος. οὐκ ἐγενόμεθα πρὸς τὸ ἀποθνήσκειν, ἀποθνήσκομεν δὲ δι' ἑαυτούς. ἀπώλεσεν ἡμᾶς τὸ αὐτεξούσιον· δοῦλοι γεγόναμεν οἱ ἐλεύθεροι, διὰ _τ_ὴ_ν_ _ἁ_μ_α_ρ_τ_ί_α_ν_ _ἐ_π_ρ_ά_θ_η_μ_ε_ν. οὐδὲν φαῦλον ὑπὸ τοῦ θεοῦ πεποίηται, τὴν πονηρίαν ἡμεῖς ἀνεδείξαμεν· οἱ δὲ ἀναδείξαντες δυνατοὶ πάλιν παραιτήσασθαι.