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to exchange misery for security? There is nothing, but only the love of the truth. But when it pleased God, who separated me from my mother's womb, and called me by His grace, to reveal His Son in me, that I might preach him among the Gentiles, immediately I did not confer with flesh and blood. See what he is eager to show here, that even the time he was left behind, he was left for some secret economy. For if he was set apart from his mother's womb to become an apostle, and to be called to this ministry; and he was called then, and as soon as he was called he obeyed; it is clear that God for some secret reason was delaying for a time. What then is this economy? Perhaps you are gaping to hear from me a prelude, why He did not call him with the twelve; but lest I depart from what is pressing and make my discourse longer, I too exhort your love not to learn everything from me, but also to seek on your own, and to ask God to reveal. And a certain discourse has been spoken by us on these matters, when we were discussing with you about the change of his name, and for what reason He called him Paul, who was called Saul; but if you have forgotten, by reading that book, you will know all these things. For now let us keep to the sequence, and let us see how he again shows that nothing human has happened concerning him, but that God arranged all things concerning him with much providential care. And called me by His grace. God, he says, called him because of his virtue. For he is a chosen vessel unto me, He said to Ananias, to bear my name before Gentiles and kings, that is, he is able to minister and to show forth a great work. And He sets forth this cause for the calling 61.628; but he himself everywhere says that the whole thing is of grace and of His ineffable love for mankind, speaking thus: But I obtained mercy, not because I was able, nor because I was fit, but that in me he might show all longsuffering, for a pattern to them which should hereafter believe on him to life everlasting. Have you seen the excess of humility? For this reason, he says, I obtained mercy, that no one might despair, seeing that the worst of all men has enjoyed loving-kindness. For this he indicates in saying, That in me he might show all longsuffering, for a pattern to them which should hereafter believe on him. To reveal His Son in me. And elsewhere Christ says, No man knows the Son, but the Father; neither knows any man the Father, save the Son, and he to whomsoever the Son will reveal him. Do you see that both the Father reveals the Son, and the Son reveals the Father? Thus also concerning glory, both the Son glorifies the Father, and the Father the Son; Glorify me, he says, that I may glorify you; and, As I have glorified you. Why then did he not say, to reveal His Son to me, but In me? Showing that he did not hear the things concerning the faith through words alone, but was also filled with much spirit; with the revelation illuminating his soul, and he had Christ speaking in him. That I might preach him among the Gentiles. For not only believing, but also being ordained, came to him from God. For thus He revealed him to me, not that I might only see him, but that I might also bring him forth to others. And he did not say others simply, but, That I might preach him among the Gentiles, already striking up from here no small chapter of his defense, from the person of the disciples. For it was not necessary to preach in the same way to Jews and to Gentiles. Immediately I did not confer with flesh and blood. He alludes here to the apostles, calling them by their nature. But if he also says this about all men, we do not object either. Neither did I go up to Jerusalem to those who were apostles before me. If one were to examine these words by themselves, they seem to be full of much boasting, and far from the mindset

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ταλαιπωρίαν ἀδείας ἀλλάξασθαι; Οὐκ ἔστιν οὐδὲν, ἀλλ' ὁ τῆς ἀληθείας ἔρως μόνον. Ὅτε δὲ ηὐδόκησεν ὁ Θεὸς, ὁ ἀφορίσας με ἐκ κοιλίας μητρός μου, καὶ καλέσας διὰ τῆς χάριτος αὐτοῦ, ἀποκαλύψαι τὸν Υἱὸν αὐτοῦ ἐν ἐμοὶ, ἵνα εὐαγγελίσωμαι αὐτὸν ἐν τοῖς ἔθνεσιν, εὐθέως οὐ προσανεθέμην σαρκὶ καὶ αἵματι. Ὅρα τί σπουδάζει ἐνταῦθα δεῖξαι, ὅτι καὶ τὸν χρόνον, ὃν ἐγκατελείφθη, διά τινα οἰκονομίαν ἀπόῤῥητον ἀφείθη. Εἰ γὰρ ἐκ κοιλίας μητρὸς ἀφώριστο γενέσθαι ἀπόστολος, καὶ κληθῆναι πρὸς τὴν διακονίαν ταύτην· ἐκλήθη δὲ τότε, καὶ ἅμα κληθεὶς ὑπήκουσε· δῆλον ὅτι ὁ Θεὸς δι' ἀπόῤῥητόν τινα αἰτίαν ἀνεβάλλετο τέως. Τίς οὖν αὕτη ἡ οἰκονομία; Τάχα παρ' ἐμοῦ προοίμιον ἀκοῦσαι κεχήνατε, τί δήποτε οὐ μετὰ τῶν δώδεκα αὐτὸν ἐκάλεσεν· ἀλλ' ἵνα μὴ τοῦ κατεπείγοντος ἀποστὰς, μακρότερον ποιήσω τὸν λόγον, παρακαλῶ καὶ ἐγὼ τὴν ὑμετέραν ἀγάπην μὴ πάντα παρ' ἐμοῦ μανθάνειν, ἀλλὰ καὶ ἐξ ἑαυτῶν ζητεῖν, καὶ τὸν Θεὸν παρακαλεῖν ἀποκαλύπτειν. Καὶ ἡμῖν δὲ εἴρηταί τις ὑπὲρ τούτων λόγος, ὅτε περὶ τῆς μεταθέσεως αὐτοῦ τῆς προσηγορίας πρὸς ὑμᾶς διελεγόμεθα, καὶ τίνος ἕνεκεν Σαῦλον αὐτὸν καλούμενον, Παῦλον ἐκάλεσεν· εἰ δὲ ἐπιλέλησθε, ἐντυχόντες ἐκείνῳ τῷ βιβλίῳ, πάντα εἴσεσθε ταῦτα. Τέως δὲ τῆς ἀκολουθίας ἐχώμεθα, καὶ σκοπῶμεν πῶς πάλιν δείκνυσιν οὐδὲν ἀνθρώπινον περὶ αὐτὸν γεγενημένον, ἀλλὰ πάντα τὸν Θεὸν τὰ κατ' αὐτὸν μετὰ πολλῆς οἰκονομοῦντα προνοίας. Καὶ καλέσας διὰ τῆς χάριτος αὐτοῦ. Ὁ μὲν Θεὸς, φησὶ, διὰ τὴν ἀρετὴν αὐτοῦ κεκληκέναι αὐτόν. Σκεῦος γὰρ ἐκλογῆς μοί ἐστι, πρὸς τὸν Ἀνανίαν ἔλεγε, τοῦ βαστάσαι τὸ ὄνομά μου ἐνώπιον ἐθνῶν καὶ βασιλέων, τουτέστιν, ἱκανὸς διακονῆσαι καὶ ἔργον ἐπιδεῖξαι μέγα. Καὶ ταύτην τὴν αἰτίαν τῆς κλήσεως 61.628 τίθησιν· αὐτὸς δὲ πανταχοῦ τῆς χάριτος εἶναί φησι τὸ πᾶν καὶ τῆς φιλανθρωπίας αὐτοῦ τῆς ἀφάτου, οὕτω λέγων· Ἀλλ' ἠλεήθην, οὐχ ὅτι ἱκανὸς ἤμην, οὐδ' ὅτι ἐπιτήδειος, ἀλλ' ἵνα ἐν ἐμοὶ ἐνδείξηται τὴν πᾶσαν μακροθυμίαν πρὸς ὑποτύπωσιν τῶν μελλόντων πιστεύειν ἐπ' αὐτῷ εἰς ζωὴν αἰώνιον. Εἶδες ταπεινοφροσύνης ὑπερβολήν; ∆ιὰ τοῦτο ἐγὼ, φησὶν, ἠλεήθην, ἵνα μηδεὶς ἀπογνῷ, ὡς τοῦ πάντων ἀνθρώπων κακίστου φιλανθρωπίας ἀπολελαυκότος. Τοῦτο γὰρ δηλοῖ ἐν τῷ εἰπεῖν, Ἵνα ἐν ἐμοὶ ἐνδείξηται τὴν πᾶσαν μακροθυμίαν πρὸς ὑποτύπωσιν τῶν μελλόντων πιστεύειν ἐπ' αὐτῷ. Ἀποκαλύψαι τὸν Υἱὸν αὐτοῦ ἐν ἐμοί. Ἀλλαχοῦ δέ φησιν ὁ Χριστὸς, Οὐδεὶς γινώσκει τὸν Υἱὸν, εἰ μὴ ὁ Πατὴρ, καὶ οὐδεὶς γινώσκει τὸν Πατέρα, εἰ μὴ ὁ Υἱὸς, καὶ ᾧ ἂν βούληται ὁ Υἱὸς ἀποκαλύψαι. Εἶδες ὅτι καὶ ὁ Πατὴρ Υἱὸν, καὶ ὁ Υἱὸς Πατέρα ἀποκαλύπτει; Οὕτω καὶ ἐπὶ τῆς δόξης, καὶ ὁ Υἱὸς δοξάζει Πατέρα, καὶ ὁ Πατὴρ Υἱόν· ∆όξασόν με, φησὶν, ἵνα δοξάσω σε· καὶ, Καθώς σε ἐγὼ ἐδόξασα· ∆ιὰ τί δὲ μὴ εἶπεν, ἀποκαλύψαι τὸν Υἱὸν αὐτοῦ ἐμοὶ, ἀλλ' Ἐν ἐμοί; ∆εικνὺς ὅτι οὐ διὰ ῥημάτων μόνον ἤκουσε τὰ περὶ τῆς πίστεως, ἀλλὰ καὶ πολλοῦ πνεύματος ἐπληρώθη· τῆς ἀποκαλύψεως καταλαμπούσης αὐτοῦ τὴν ψυχὴν, καὶ τὸν Χριστὸν εἶχεν ἐν ἑαυτῷ λαλοῦντα. Ἵνα εὐαγγελίζωμαι αὐτὸν ἐν τοῖς ἔθνεσιν. Οὐ γὰρ τὸ πιστεῦσαι μόνον, ἀλλὰ καὶ τὸ χειροτονηθῆναι αὐτὸν παρὰ τοῦ Θεοῦ γέγονεν. Οὕτω γάρ μοι αὐτὸν ἀπεκάλυψεν, οὐχ ἵνα ἴδω μόνον αὐτὸν, ἀλλ' ἵνα καὶ εἰς ἄλλους ἐξενέγκω. Καὶ οὐκ εἶπεν ἄλλους ἁπλῶς, ἀλλ' Ἵνα εὐαγγελίζωμαι αὐτὸν ἐν τοῖς ἔθνεσιν, ἐντεῦθεν ἤδη προανακρουόμενος οὐ μικρὸν τῆς ἀπολογίας κεφάλαιον, ἀπὸ τοῦ τῶν μαθητῶν προσώπου. Οὐ γὰρ ὁμοίως Ἰουδαίοις καὶ τοῖς ἔθνεσι κηρύττειν ἀναγκαῖον ἦν. Εὐθέως οὐ προσανεθέμην σαρκὶ καὶ αἵματι. Τοὺς ἀποστόλους ἐνταῦθα αἰνίττεται, ἀπὸ τῆς φύσεως αὐτοὺς καλῶν. Εἰ δὲ καὶ περὶ πάντων ἀνθρώπων τοῦτό φησιν, οὐδὲ ἡμεῖς ἀντεροῦμεν. Οὐδὲ ἀνῆλθον εἰς Ἱεροσόλυμα πρὸς τοὺς πρὸ ἐμοῦ ἀποστόλους. Ταῦτα εἰ μέν τις αὐτὰ καθ' ἑαυτὰ ἐξετάσειε τὰ ῥήματα, δοκεῖ πολλῆς μεγαληγορίας γέμειν, καὶ πόῤῥω τοῦ φρονήματος