For that one, he says, was a murderer from the beginning and has not stood in the truth, because there is no truth in him. And who else, he says, is such a one, if not the devil himself? How then, he says, should we understand the phrase that follows, 'his father'? Rightly and consequently; for since he said what he said about the devil and that he has not stood in the truth, he then also speaks about the one who has made him his own father, that he too when he speaks a lie, speaks from his own resources. And showing how the lie has become the own possession of the one speaking it, he added: because he is a liar and his father. The lie is paternal, he says, it is of the devil. For this reason I say it is his own and also that of his son. But how, they say, will 'of the father of the devil' proceed? Nothing difficult, but suitably: You are of the father, he says. Which one? The devil. so that the relationship of 'the father' is not to the devil, but indicating it is to the Jews themselves; for this is what Christ wanted to indicate, not that the devil has a father, but that they themselves had acquired the devil as a father. Since they at one time boasted of Abraham, and at another of God, he therefore strongly puts down their arrogance and boasting, saying, You are of the father. Whose? The devil's. But having adopted yourselves to him, you in vain take pride in Abraham and in God. And this exegesis seems to me to be more fitting than the others. But I honor the Father by saying that you, the murderers, are not worthy to be called his children; for the wickedness of the children is a dishonor to the father. 60 Jo 8, 55 It is so much my part to know the Father, through the things which I do that are equal to him, as it is yours, through the things you do contrary to his will, not to know him as God. Just as you therefore, in saying that you know him, lie and are liars, so too would I be a liar like you, if I said I did not know him; for the equality of works, representing the equality of nature, also bears witness to a knowledge of wondrous magnitude. But he does not now introduce the equality of works, because of their arrogance, but he utters humble things, winning over and drawing them; for I know him, he says, because I keep his word. 61 Jo 9, 2-3 For instance, This man, they say, was born blind? What could one say about him, that he was born blind on account of his own sins? But this is impossible; for how could anyone sin before existing at all? But he endured the affliction on account of the sins of his parents; but it is likewise absurd for one to pay the penalty for the sins of others. Wherefore the Lord also says: 'Neither did this man sin,' and for this reason was born blind (for this is altogether impossible). Nor again was this man born blind on account of the sins of his parents; for this is unworthy of the just judgment and love for humanity of God. But the saying spoken concerning the blind man is also a general one for all who come forth from the womb with some affliction; for none of these maimed ones has been harmed on account of the sins of their parents, and much less on account of their own; for how could anyone sin who has not yet partaken of being? But such afflictions happen to those who are born for certain ineffable and supernatural reasons, which the Creator alone knows. 62 Jo 9, 4 As long as it is day, the Lord works the signs, that is, as long as the present life is here, so that we too may work, that is, that we may bear the fruit of faith in him; for he also performed the signs for our sake, so that we might believe in him and by believing be saved. But night is coming, the cessation of works, the future day, in which it is not possible even for the Lord to perform signs for us to believe; for we ourselves will be convinced even without another sign that he is the Lord and judge of all, so that signs will then be superfluous. Wherefore the Lord will not work them then, nor will we be able to work anything then; for it is not the time of work and faith, but of reward and judgment. 63 Jo 9, 6-7 He smeared on the clay, in order to show that he is the one who also created Adam from clay. And he commands him to wash off the clay, showing that even without the matter he was able to form the eyes, and that for no other reason
ἐκεῖνος γάρ, φησίν, ἀνθρωποκτόνος ἦν ἀπ' ἀρχῆς καὶ ἐν τῇ ἀληθείᾳ οὐκ ἔστηκεν, ὅτι ἀλήθεια οὐκ ἔστιν ἐν αὐτῷ. καὶ τίς ἐστιν ἄλλος, φησίν, τοιοῦτος, εἰ μὴ αὐτὸς ὁ διάβολος; πῶς οὖν, φησίν, τὸ ὁ πατὴρ αὐτοῦ ἐπαγόμενον νοήσωμεν; καλῶς καὶ ἀκολούθως· ἐπειδὴ γὰρ εἶπεν περὶ τοῦ διαβόλου ἃ εἶπεν καὶ ὅτι ἐν τῇ ἀληθείᾳ οὐκ ἔστηκεν, εἶτα λέγει καὶ περὶ τοῦ οἰκειοποιήσαντος αὐτὸν πατέρα, ὅτι κἀκεῖνος ὅταν λαλῇ τὸ ψεῦδος, ἐκ τῶν ἰδίων λαλεῖ. καὶ πῶς γέγονεν ἴδιον τὸ ψεῦδος τοῦ λαλοῦντος αὐτὸ παριστὰς ἐπήγαγεν· ὅτι ψεύστης ἐστὶν καὶ ὁ πατὴρ αὐτοῦ. πατρικόν ἐστιν, φησίν, τὸ ψεῦδος, τοῦ διαβόλου ἐστίν. διὰ τοῦτο λέγω ἴδιον αὐτὸ καὶ τοῦ υἱοῦ αὐτοῦ εἶναι. ἀλλὰ πῶς, φασίν, προχωρήσει τὸ ἐκ τοῦ πατρὸς τοῦ διαβόλου; οὐδὲν δύσκολον, ἀλλὰ καταλλήλως· ὑμεῖς ἐκ τοῦ πατρός ἐστε, φησίν· ποίου; τοῦ διαβόλου· ἵνα μὴ ᾖ τοῦ πατρὸς σχέσιν πρὸς τὸν διάβολον, ἀλλὰ πρὸς αὐτοὺς τοὺς Ἰουδαίους δηλοῦν· τοῦτο γὰρ καὶ ἐβούλετο δηλοῦν ὁ Χριστός, οὐχ ὅτι πατέρα ἔχει ὁ διάβολος, ἀλλ' ὅτι αὐτοὶ τὸν διάβολον ἐκτήσαντο πατέρα. ἐπεὶ κἀκεῖνοί ποτε μὲν τὸν Ἀβραάμ, ποτὲ δὲ τὸν θεὸν ἐμεγαλαύχουν, τὴν οὖν ἀπόνοιαν αὐτῶν καὶ μεγαλορρημοσύνην σφοδρῶς καταβάλλων ὑμεῖς ἐκ τοῦ πατρός ἐστε, φησίν· τίνος; τοῦ διαβόλου· ἐκείνῳ δὲ ἑαυτοὺς υἱοθετήσαντες μάτην εἰς τὸν Ἀβραὰμ καὶ εἰς τὸν θεὸν ἐνσεμνύνεσθε. καί μοι δοκεῖ τῶν ἄλλων μᾶλλον προσφυεστέρα εἶναι ἡ ἐξήγησις. ἀλλὰ τιμῶ τὸν πατέρα λέγων ὑμᾶς τοὺς μιαιφόνους μὴ εἶναι ἀξίους τοῦ καλεῖσθαι αὐτοῦ τέκνα· ἡ γὰρ τῶν τέκνων κακία πατρός ἐστιν ἀτιμία. 60 Jo 8, 55 ΤοΣοῦτον ἐμοὶ προσήκει τὸ εἰδέναι τὸν πατέρα, δι' ὧν τὰ ἴσα αὐτῷ ποιῶ, ὅΣον ὑμῖν, δι' ὧν ἀπ' ἐναντίας τῶν θελημάτων αὐτοῦ πράττετε, τὸ μὴ εἰδέναι αὐτὸν θεόν. ὥσπερ οὖν ὑμεῖς λέγοντες, ὅτι γινώσκετε αὐτόν, ψεύδεσθε καὶ ψεῦσταί ἐστε, οὕτως ἦν ἂν κἀγὼ ψεύστης ὅμοιος ὑμῶν, εἰ ἔλεγον μὴ εἰδέναι αὐτόν· ἡ γὰρ ἰσότης τῶν ἔργων τὴν τῆς φύσεως ἰΣοτιμίαν παριστᾶσα καὶ τὴν γνῶσιν θαυμαστικὴν ἡλίκην μαρτυρεῖ. αὐτὸς δὲ οὐ τὴν ἰσότητα νῦν τῶν ἔργων εἰσάγει διὰ τὴν ἀπόνοιαν αὐτῶν, ἀλλὰ ταπεινὰ φθέγγεται ψυχαγωγῶν καὶ ἕλκων αὐτούς· οἶδα γὰρ αὐτόν, φησίν, ὅτι τὸν λόγον αὐτοῦ τηρῶ. 61 Jo 9, 2-3 Οἷον οὗτος, φασίν, τυφλὸς ἐγεννήθη; τί ἄν τις εἶποι περὶ αὐτοῦ, ὅτι διὰ τὰς ἁμαρτίας αὐτοῦ τυφλὸς ἐγεννήθη; ἀλλὰ ἀδύνατον τοῦτο· πῶς γὰρ ἄν τις ἁμάρτοι πρὶν ὅλως ὑπάρξαι; ἀλλὰ διὰ τὰς τῶν τεκόντων ἁμαρτίας ὑπέστη τὸ πάθος· ἀλλ' ὁμοίως ἄτοπον ἑτέρων ἡμαρτηκότων ἕτερον παρέχειν τὰς εὐθύνας. διὸ καὶ ὁ δεσπότης φησίν· οὔτε οὗτος ἥμαρτεν καὶ διὰ τοῦτο ἐγεννήθη τυφλός (ἀδύνατον γὰρ ὅλως τοῦτο). οὔτε πάλιν διὰ τεκόντων ἁμαρτίας οὗτος ἐγεννήθη τυφλός· ἀνάξιον γὰρ τοῦτο τῆς τοῦ θεοῦ δικαιοκρισίας καὶ φιλανθρωπίας. ὁ δὲ λόγος ὁ ἐπὶ τοῦ τυφλοῦ εἰρημένος καὶ καθολικός ἐστιν ἐπὶ πάντων τῶν μετά τινος πάθους ἐκ μήτρας προερχομένων· οὐδεὶς γὰρ τούτων τῶν λελωβημένων οὐδὲ διὰ τὰς τῶν τεκόντων ἁμαρτίας σεσίνωται, πολλῷ δὲ μᾶλλον οὐδὲ διὰ τὰς ἰδίας· πῶς γὰρ ἄν τις καὶ ἁμάρτοι μήπω τοῦ εἶναι μετασχών; γίνονται δὲ τὰ τοιαῦτα πάθη τοῖς τικτομένοις διά τινας ἀρρήτους καὶ ὑπερφυεῖς λόγους, οὓς ὁ πλάστης μόνος ἐπίσταται. 62 Jo 9, 4 Ἕως ἡμέρα ἐστὶν ἐργάζεται ὁ δεσπότης τὰ σημεῖα, τοῦτ' ἔστι ἕως ὁ παρὼν ἐνέστηκεν βίος, ἵνα καὶ ἡμεῖς ἐργαζώμεθα, τοῦτ' ἔστιν τὴν εἰς αὐτὸν καρποφορῶμεν πίστιν· καὶ γὰρ δι' ἡμᾶς ἔπραττεν τὰ σημεῖα, ἵνα πιστεύσωμεν εἰς αὐτὸν καὶ πιστεύοντες σωθῶμεν. ἔρχεται δὲ νύξ, ἡ κατάπαυσις τῶν ἔργων, ἡ μέλλουσα ἡμέρα, ἐν ᾗ οὐκ ἔστι οὐδὲ τὸν δεσπότην εἰς τὸ πιστεῦσαι ἡμᾶς σημεῖα ποιεῖν· αὐτοὶ γὰρ πεισόμεθα καὶ χωρὶς ἄλλου σημείου αὐτὸν εἶναι τὸν ἁπάντων δεσπότην καὶ κριτήν, ὥστε περιττὰ τότε τὰ σημεῖα. διὸ οὐδὲ ὁ δεσπότης αὐτὰ τότε ἐργάσεται, ἀλλ' οὐδὲ ἡμεῖς τι τότε δυνησόμεθα ἐργάσασθαι· οὐ γάρ ἐστιν ὁ καιρὸς ἐργασίας καὶ πίστεως, ἀλλὰ μισθαποδοσίας καὶ κρίσεως. 63 Jo 9, 6-7 Ἐπέχρισε τὸν πηλόν, ἵνα δείξῃ, ὅτι αὐτός ἐστιν ὁ καὶ τὸν Ἀδὰμ δημιουργήσας ἀπὸ πηλοῦ. ἀπονίψασθαι δὲ κελεύει τὸν πηλὸν δεικνύς, ὅτι καὶ χωρὶς τῆς ὕλης ἠδύνατο πλάττειν τοὺς ὀφθαλμοὺς καὶ ὅτι δι' οὐδὲν