Oration XLV. The Second Oration on Easter.

 I.  I will stand upon my watch, saith the venerable Habakkuk and I will take my post beside him today on the authority and observation which was give

 II.  The Lord’s Passover, the Passover, and again I say the Passover to the honour of the Trinity.  This is to us a Feast of feasts and a Solemnity of

 III.  God always was and always is, and always will be or rather, God always Is.

 IV.  And when Infinity is considered from two points of view, beginning and end (for that which is beyond these and not limited by them is Infinity),

 V.  But since this movement of Self-contemplation alone could not satisfy Goodness, but Good must be poured out and go forth beyond Itself, to multipl

 VI.  Thus then and for these reasons, He gave being to the world of thought, as far as I can reason on these matters, and estimate great things in my

 VII.  Mind then and sense, thus distinguished from each other, had remained within their own boundaries, and bore in themselves the magnificence of th

 VIII.  This being He placed in paradise—whatever that paradise may have been (having honoured him with the gift of free will, in order that good might

 IX.  And having first been chastened by many means because his sins were many, whose root of evil sprang up through divers causes and sundry times, by

 X.  But perhaps some one of those who are too impetuous and festive may say, “What has all this to do with us?  Spur on your horse to the goal talk t

 XI.  But before our time the Holy Apostle declared that the Law was but a shadow of things to come, which are conceived by thought.  And God too, who

 XII.  But we, standing midway between those whose minds are utterly dense on the one side, and on the other those who are very contemplative and exalt

 XIII.  Thus then and for this cause the written Law came in, gathering us into Christ and this is the account of the Sacrifices as I account for them

 XIV.  What more?  The First Month is introduced, or rather the beginning of months, whether it was so among the Hebrews from the beginning, or was mad

 XV.  Then comes the Sacred Night, the Anniversary of the confused darkness of the present life, into which the primæval darkness is dissolved, and all

 XVI.  Well, let them lament we will feed on the Lamb toward evening—for Christ’s Passion was in the completion of the ages because too He communicat

 XVII.  Nor would it be right for us to pass over the manner of this eating either, for the Law does not do so, but carries its mystical labour even to

 XVIII.  And let the loins of the unreasoning animals be unbound and loose, for they have not the gift of reason which can overcome pleasure (it is not

 XIX.  And as to shoes , let him who is about to touch the Holy Land which the feet of God have trodden, put them off, as Moses did upon the Mount, the

 XX.  What sayest thou?  Thus it hath pleased Him that thou shouldest come forth out of Egypt, the iron furnace that thou shouldest leave behind the i

 XXI.  If you are a Rachel or a Leah, a patriarchal and great soul, steal whatever idols of your father you can find not, however, that you may keep t

 XXII.   Now we are to examine another fact and dogma, neglected by most people, but in my judgment well worth enquiring into.  To Whom was that Blood

 XXIII.  Now we will partake of a Passover which is still typical though it is plainer than the old one.  For that is ever new which is now becoming k

 XXIV.  If you are a Simon of Cyrene, take up the Cross and follow.  If you are crucified with Him as a robber, penitent

 XXV.  And if He ascend up into Heaven, ascend with Him.  Be one of those angels who escort Him, or one of those who receive Him.  Bid the gates be lif

 XXVI.   To this what will those cavillers say, those bitter reasoners about Godhead, those detractors of all things that are praiseworthy, those darke

 XXVII.  He was sent, but sent according to His Manhood (for He was of two Natures), since He was hungry and thirsty and weary, and was distressed and

 XXVIII.  It is now needful for us to sum up our discourse as follows:  We were created that we might be made happy.  We were made happy when we were c

 XXIX.  Many indeed are the miracles of that time:  God crucified the sun darkened and again rekindled for it was fitting that the creatures should s

 XXX.  But, O Pascha, great and holy and purifier of all the world—for I will speak to thee as to a living person—O Word of God and Light and Life and

XIII.  Thus then and for this cause the written Law came in, gathering us into Christ; and this is the account of the Sacrifices as I account for them.  And that you may not be ignorant of the depth of His Wisdom and the riches of His unsearchable judgments,15    Rom. xi. 33. He did not leave even these unhallowed altogether, or useless, or with nothing in them but mere blood.16    The Jewish Sacrifices had a deep inner meaning and mystery.  In a limited sense they may be called Sacraments of the future Atonement, which they prefigured and appealed to.  But only in a limited sense can they be so called, because they did not convey grace to the soul, but only appealed to the grace to come; and so the Sin-offerings of the Law are only said to cover, not to take away sin.  They removed the spiritual disqualification for worship; but they did not restore full Spiritual Communion with God.  Still they were not altogether unhallowed or useless like those of the heathen, inasmuch as they did point forward and plead the merits of the One true Sacrifice.  But that great, and if I may say so, in Its first nature unsacrificeable Victim, was intermingled with the Sacrifices of the Law, and was a purification, not for a part of the world, nor for a short time, but for the whole world and for all time.  For this reason a Lamb was chosen for its innocence, and its clothing of the original nakedness.  For such is the Victim, That was offered for us, Who is both in Name and fact the Garment of incorruption.  And He was a perfect Victim not only on account of His Godhead, than which nothing is more perfect; but also on account of that which He assumed having been anointed with Deity, and having become one with That which anointed It, and I am bold to say, made equal with God.  A Male, because offered for Adam; or rather the Stronger for the strong, when the first Man had fallen under sin; and chiefly because there is in Him nothing feminine, nothing unmanly; but He burst from the bonds of the Virgin-Mother’s womb with much power, and a Male was brought forth by the Prophetess,17    Isa. xiii. 3. as Isaiah declares the good tidings.  And of a year old, because He is the Sun of Righteousness18    Mal. iv. 2. setting out from heaven, and circumscribed by His visible Nature, and returning unto Himself.19    The Greek here is very obscure.  The meaning seems to be that which Nicetas suggests, viz.:—that our Lord in coming to earth and becoming Incarnate did not in His Divine Nature leave Heaven, but was, while still here on earth in His own words, “The Son of Man Which is in Heaven.”  And “The blessed crown of Goodness,”—being on every side equal to Himself and alike; and not only this, but also as giving life to all the circle of the virtues, gently commingled and intermixed with each other, according to the Law of Love and Order.20    Christ is “a blessed crown of goodness” according to the saying of David, Thou shalt bless the crown of the year with Thy goodness (Ps. lxv. 11).  The idea of a year is taken from the Sun; that of the crown from the year (for the year is a circle guarded with four seasons), and from the circle again equality.  Therefore the crown is Christ, as adorning and beautifying the minds of believers.  But the year of Goodness was that time when Christ moved by goodness was declaring the Gospel, as Isaiah saith of Him, “He hath sent Me to preach the Gospel to the poor, to proclaim the acceptable year of the Lord” (Isa. lxi. 1, 2).  Thus the Crown is on every side equal.  For if one draw a line from the upper side to the lower, and the same in a transverse direction, all the intervals will be equal.  And the Crown is like itself, because its figure is seen alike on every side, for on every side it is seen as a round.  Therefore Christ as to His Humanity is called a Crown of Righteousness, as composed of all the virtues, and having no end of His goodness and righteousness; and of that righteousness one quality is equality, that is, it allows neither excess nor defect.  For excess and defect do not arise from virtue and righteousness, but from fault and unrighteousness (Nicetas).  And Immaculate and guileless, as being the Healer of faults, and of the defects and taints that come from sin.  For though He both took on Him our sins and bare our diseases,21    Isa. liii. 4. yet He did not Himself suffer aught that needed healing.  For He was tempted in all points like as we are yet without sin.22    Heb. iv. 15.  For he that persecuted the Light that shineth in darkness could not overtake Him.

ΙΓʹ. Οὕτω μὲν οὖν καὶ διὰ ταῦτα, εἱσῆλθεν ὁ γραπτὸς νόμος, συνάγων ἡμᾶς εἰς Χριστὸν, καὶ οὗτος τῶν θυσιῶν ὁ λόγος, ὡς ὁ ἐμὸς λόγος. Ὡς ἂν δὲ τὸ τῆς σοφίας βάθος μὴ ἀγνοῇς, καὶ τὸν πλοῦτον τῶν ἀνεξιχνιάστων αὐτοῦ κριμάτων, οὐδὲ ταύτας παντελῶς ἀνιέρους ἀφῆκεν, οὐδὲ ἀσυντελεῖς, οὐδὲ μέχρι ψιλοῦ προϊούσας τοῦ αἵματος: ἀλλὰ τὸ μέγα καὶ ἄθυτον ἱερεῖον, ἵν' οὕτως εἴπω, ὅσον ἐπὶ τῇ πρώτῃ φύσει, ταῖς νομικαῖς θυσίαις ἐγκαταμέμικται, καὶ οὐ μικροῦ μέρους τῆς οἰκουμένης, οὐδὲ πρὸς ὀλίγον, ἀλλὰ παντὸς τοῦ κόσμου καὶ διαιωνίζον καθάρσιον. Διὰ τοῦτο λαμβάνεται πρόβατον μὲν, διὰ τὴν ἀκακίαν, καὶ τὸ ἔνδυμα τῆς ἀρχαίας γυμνώσεως. Τοιοῦτον γὰρ τὸ ὑπὲρ ἡμῶν σφάγιον, ἔνδυμα ἀφθαρσίας, καὶ ὂν, καὶ καλούμενον. Τέλειον δὲ, οὐ διὰ τὴν θεότητα μόνον, ἧς οὐδὲν τελεώτερον, ἀλλὰ καὶ διὰ τὴν πρόσληψιν τὴν χρισθεῖσαν θεότητι, καὶ γενομένην ὅπερ τὸ χρῖσαν, καὶ θαῤῥῶ λέγειν, ὁμόθεον. Ἄῤῥεν δὲ, ὡς ὑπὲρ τοῦ Ἀδὰμ προσαγόμενον, μᾶλλον δὲ τοῦ στεῤῥοῦ τὸ στεῤῥότερον, τοῦ πρώτου πεσόντος ὑπὸ τὴν ἁμαρτίαν, καὶ ὅτι μάλιστα μηδὲν θῆλυ, μηδὲ ἄνανδρον ἐν ἑαυτῷ φέρον: ἀλλὰ καὶ ἐκραγὲν βίᾳ δεσμῶν παρθενικῶν τε καὶ μητρικῶν, κατὰ πολλὴν ἐξουσίαν, καὶ τεχθὲν ἄρσεν ἐκ τῆς προφήτιδος, ὡς Ἡσαΐας εὐαγγελίζεται. Ἐνιαύσιον δὲ, ὡς ἥλιον δικαιοσύνης, ἢ ἐκεῖθεν ὁρμώμενον, ἢ τῷ ὁρωμένῳ περίγραπτον, καὶ εἰς ἑαυτὸν ἐπιστρέφοντα: στέφανόν τε χρηστότητος εὐλογούμενον, καὶ πανταχόθεν ἴσον ἑαυτῷ καὶ ὅμοιον: οὐ μόνον δὲ, ἀλλὰ καὶ ὡς ζωογονοῦν τὸν τῶν ἀρετῶν κύκλον, ἠπίως ἐπιμιγνυμένων καὶ κιρναμένων ἀλλήλαις, νόμῳ φιλίας καὶ τάξεως. Ἄμωμον δὲ καὶ ἀκίβδηλον, ὡς θεραπευτικὸν μώμων, καὶ τῶν ἀπὸ κακίας ἐλαττωμάτων καὶ μολυσμάτων. Εἰ γὰρ καὶ τὰς ἁμαρτίας ἡμῶν ἀνέλαβε, καὶ τὰς νόσους ἐβάστασεν, ἀλλ' οὐκ αὐτός τι πέπονθε τῶν θεραπείας ἀξίων. Ἐπειράσθη μὲν γὰρ κατὰ πάντα, καθ' ὁμοιότητα τὴν ἡμετέραν, χωρὶς ἁμαρτίας δέ. Ὁ γὰρ διώξας τὸ φαῖνον ἐν τῇ σκοτίᾳ φῶς, οὐ κατέλαβεν.