It would be more fitting, she cried, to be silent about such doubts, and not to deign to make any answer to such foolish and wicked propositions; for there is a Divine precept forbidding us to answer a fool in his folly; and he must be a fool, as the Prophet declares, who says that there is no God. But since one needs must speak, I will urge upon you an argument which is not mine nor that of any human being (for it would then be of small value, whosoever spoke it), but an argument which the whole Creation enunciates by the medium of its wonders to the audience9    But Dr. Hermann Schmidt sees even more than this in this bold figure. The Creation preaches, as it were, and its tones are first heard in our hearts (ἐνηχοῦντος τῇ καρδιᾷ): and these tones are then reflected back from the heart to the contemplating eye, which thus becomes not a seeing only, but a hearing (ἀκροατὴς γίνεται) organ, in its external activity. of the eye, with a skilful and artistic utterance that reaches the heart. The Creation proclaims outright the Creator; for the very heavens, as the Prophet says, declare the glory of God with their unutterable words. We see the universal harmony in the wondrous sky and on the wondrous earth; how elements essentially opposed to each other are all woven together in an ineffable union to serve one common end, each contributing its particular force to maintain the whole; how the unmingling and mutually repellent do not fly apart from each other by virtue of their peculiarities, any more than they are destroyed, when compounded, by such contrariety; how those elements which are naturally buoyant move downwards, the heat of the sun, for instance, descending in the rays, while the bodies which possess weight are lifted by becoming rarefied in vapour, so that water contrary to its nature ascends, being conveyed through the air to the upper regions; how too that fire of the firmament so penetrates the earth that even its abysses feel the heat; how the moisture of the rain infused into the soil generates, one though it be by nature, myriads of differing germs, and animates in due proportion each subject of its influence; how very swiftly the polar sphere revolves, how the orbits within it move the contrary way, with all the eclipses, and conjunctions, and measured intervals10    ἐναρμονίους ἀποστάσεις, i.e. to which the music of the spheres was due: see Macrobius, Somnium Scipionis, c. 4: for the “retrograde” motion of the planets above, see Joannes de Sacro Bosco, Sphæra (1564), p. 47, sqq. of the planets. We see all this with the piercing eyes of mind, nor can we fail to be taught by means of such a spectacle that a Divine power, working with skill and method, is manifesting itself in this actual world, and, penetrating each portion, combines those portions with the whole and completes the whole by the portions, and encompasses the universe with a single all-controlling force, self-centred and self-contained, never ceasing from its motion, yet never altering the position which it holds.

Μ. Ἡ δὲ σιωπᾷν μὲν ἦν, φησὶν, ἐπὶ τοῖς τοιούτοις ἁρμοδιώτερον, μηδὲ ἀξιοῦν ἀποκρίσεως τὰς μωράς τε καὶ ἀσεβεῖς τῶν προτάσεων, ἐπεὶ καί τις τῶν θείων ἀπαγορεύει λόγος μὴ ἀποκρίνεσθαι ἄφρονι ἐν τῇ ἀφροσύνῃ αὐτοῦ: ἄφρων δὲ πάντως ἐστὶ, κατὰ τὸν Προφήτην, ὁ μὴ εἶναι λέγων Θεόν. Ἐπεὶ δὲ χρὴ καὶ τοῦτο εἰπεῖν, ἐρῶ σοι, φησὶ, λόγον, ἐμὸν οὐχὶ, ἀλλ' οὐδὲ ἄλλου τινὸς ἀνθρώπου: μικρὸς γὰρ οὗτος, ὅστις δ' ἂν ᾖ: ἀλλ' αὐτὸν ὃν ἡ κτίσις τῶν ὄντων διὰ τῶν ἐν αὐτῇ θαυμάτων διέξεισιν, ἀκροατὴς ὀφθαλμὸς γίνεται, διὰ τῶν φαινομένων, ἐνηχοῦντος τῇ καρδίᾳ τοῦ σοφοῦ τε καὶ τεχνικοῦ λόγου. Βοᾷ γὰρ ἄντικρυ τὸν ποιητὴν ἡ κτίσις, αὐτῶν τῶν οὐρανῶν, καθώς φησιν ὁ Προφήτης, ταῖς ἀλαλήτοις φωναῖς τὴν δόξαν τοῦ Θεοῦ διηγουμένων. Τίς γὰρ βλέπων τὴν τοῦ παντὸς ἁρμονίαν, τῶν τε οὐρανίων καὶ τῶν κατὰ γῆν θαυμάτων, καὶ ὡς ἐναντίως ἔχοντα πρὸς ἄλληλα τὰ στοιχεῖα κατὰ τὴν φύσιν, πρὸς τὸν αὐτὸν τὰ πάντα σκοπὸν διά τινος ἀῤῥήτου κοινωνίας συμπλέκεται, τὴν παρ' ἑαυτοῦ δύναμιν ἕκαστον πρὸς τὴν τοῦ παντὸς διαμονὴν συνεισφέροντα, καὶ οὔτε τὰ ἀμικτά τε καὶ ἀκοινώνητα κατὰ τὴν ἰδιότητα τῶν ποιοτήτων διαχωρεῖ ἀπ' ἀλλήλων, οὔτε ἐν ἀλλήλοις φθείρεται κατακιρνάμενα πρὸς ἄλληλα ταῖς ἐναντίαις ποιότησιν, ἀλλὰ καὶ οἷς ἀνωφερής ἐστιν ἡ φύσις, ἐπὶ τὰ κάτω φέρεται, τῆς ἡλιακῆς θερμότητος διὰ τῶν ἀκτίνων καταῤῥεούσης: τά τε ἐμβριθῆ τῶν σωμάτων ἀνακουφίζεται διὰ τῶν ἀτμῶν λεπτυνόμενα, ὡς καὶ τὸ ὕδωρ παρὰ τὴν ἑαυτοῦ φύσιν ἀνωφερὲς γίνεσθαι, δι' ἀέρος ἐπὶ πνευμάτων ὀχούμενον, καὶ τὸ αἰθέριον πῦρ πρόσγειον γίνεσθαι, ὡς καὶ τὸ βάθος μὴ ἀμοιρεῖν τῆς θερμότητος, ἐπιχεομένην δὲ τῇ γῇ τὴν ἐκ τῶν ὄμβρων ἰκμάδα μίαν οὖσαν τῇ φύσει, μυρίας γεννᾷν βλαστημάτων διαφορὰς πᾶσι κατάλληλον τοῖς ὑποκειμένοις ἐμφυομένην: τήν τε ὀξυτάτην τοῦ πόλου περιφορὰν καὶ τῶν ἐντὸς κύκλων τὴν ἐπὶ τὸ ἔμπαλιν κίνησιν, τάς τε ὑποδρομὰς καὶ τὰς συνόδους, καὶ τὰς ἐναρμονίους ἀποστάσεις τῶν ἄστρων: ὁ ταῦτα βλέπων τῷ διανοητικῷ τῆς ψυχῆς ὀφθαλμῷ, ἆρα οὐχὶ φανερῶς ἐκ τῶν φαινομένων διδάσκεται, ὅτι θεία δύναμις ἔντεχνός τε καὶ σοφὴ τοῖς οὖσιν ἐμφαινομένη, καὶ διὰ πάντων ἥκουσα τὰ μέρη συναρμόζει τῷ ὅλῳ, καὶ τὸ ὅλον συμπληροῖ ἐν τοῖς μέρεσι, καὶ μιᾷ τινι περικρατεῖται δυνάμει τὸ πᾶν, αὐτὸ ἐν ἑαυτῷ μένον [καὶ περὶ ἑαυτὸ κινούμενον], καὶ οὔτε λῆγόν ποτε τῆς κινήσεως, οὔτε εἰς ἄλλον τινὰ τόπον παρὰ τὸν, ἐν ᾧ ἐστι, μεθιστάμενον;