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grasping. But let us not pay attention to them; for there will be, there will certainly be a judgment and a resurrection, and God will not leave so many works to chance. Therefore, I beseech you, abstaining from wickedness, let us cling to virtue, that we may accept the true word in Christ Jesus our Lord. And yet what is easier, to accept the word concerning the resurrection, or that concerning fate? The latter is full of injustice, the latter of irrationality, the latter of cruelty, the latter of inhumanity; this one is of righteousness, assigning to each according to their worth; and yet they do not accept it. But the cause is idleness; since no one with sense accepts that one. For even among the Greeks, those who define pleasure, and say it is the end, they accepted it; but those who loved virtue, no longer, but cast it out as irrational. But if this is so among the Greeks, much more so is it in the word concerning the resurrection. But observe for me how the devil has constructed two opposite things; for so that we might neglect virtue, and so that we might serve demons, he introduced necessity, and through each convinced of both. What account, then, will he be able to give who disbelieves in a matter so wonderful, and is persuaded by those who babble such things? Therefore, let not this comfort nourish you, that you will obtain pardon; but gathering ourselves together, let us rouse ourselves to virtue, and let us live truly to God, in Christ, and the rest.

HOMILY 3. Who is the image of the invisible God, the firstborn of all creation. For in him all things were created, things in heaven and on earth, visible and invisible, whether thrones or dominions, or principalities or powers; all things were created through him and for him. And he is before all things, and in him all things hold together. And he is the head of the body of the

Church. 1. Today it is necessary to pay the debt which I postponed yesterday, so as to address your minds while they are vigorous. Paul, discoursing on the dignity of the Son, says these things, as we also showed: Who is the image of the invisible God. Of whom, then, do you think he says he is the image? If of God, it is well; for he is God and Son of God; and the image of God shows the exact likeness; therefore he is an exact likeness in this respect; but if of a man, say so, and I will henceforth stand aloof as from a madman. And why is an angel nowhere called either image or son, but a man both? Why? Because in the former case, the elevated nature would have quickly cast the many into this impiety; but in the latter, the lowliness and humility guarantees the security, and does not permit those who wish to suspect any such thing, and to bring down the Word 62.318 below. For this reason, where there was much humility, Scripture boldly places the honor; but where the nature is greater, no longer. But, "Image of the invisible," it says. Therefore if He is invisible, this one is likewise invisible, since it would not otherwise be an image. For the image, insofar as it is an image, must be an exact likeness among us too, for instance in its features and resemblance. But in this case this is by no means possible; for it is a human art, which fails in many places, or rather everywhere, if you seek precision; but where God is, there is nowhere any mistake, nor does any failure occur. But if he is a creature, how is he the image of the creator? For not even a horse is an image of a man. If the image does not signify the exact likeness of the invisible, what prevents angels from also being an image? For they too are invisible, but not to each other; and the soul is invisible;

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ἐπιλαμβανομένου. Ἀλλὰ μὴ ἐκείνοις προσέχωμεν· ἔσται γὰρ, ἔσται πάντως κρίσις καὶ ἀνάστασις, καὶ οὐκ ἀφήσει εἰκῆ τοσαῦτα ἔργα ὁ Θεός. ∆ιὸ, παρακαλῶ, τῆς κακίας ἀποσχόμενοι, τῆς ἀρετῆς ἐχώμεθα, ἵνα τὸν ἀληθῆ λόγον παραδεξώμεθα ἐν Χριστῷ Ἰησοῦ τῷ Κυρίῳ ἡμῶν. Καίτοι τί εὐκολώτερον, τὸν περὶ ἀναστάσεως δέξασθαι λόγον, ἢ τὸν περὶ [τῆς] εἱμαρμένης; Ἐκεῖνος ἀδικίας γέμει, ἐκεῖνος ἀλογίας, ἐκεῖνος ὠμότητος, ἐκεῖνος ἀπανθρωπίας· οὗτος δικαιοσύνης, τοῦ κατ' ἀξίαν ἀπονεμητικός· καὶ ὅμως αὐτὸν οὐ παραδέχονται. Τὸ δὲ αἴτιον ἡ ἀργία· ἐπεὶ οὐδεὶς νοῦν ἔχων, ἐκεῖνον δέχεται. Καὶ γὰρ καὶ ἐν Ἕλλησιν οἳ τὴν ἡδονὴν ὁριζόμενοι, τέλος εἶναί φασιν, ἐκεῖνοι αὐτὸν ἐδέξαντο· οἱ δὲ τὴν ἀρετὴν ἀγαπήσαντες, οὐκέτι, ἀλλ' ἐξέβαλον ὡς ἄλογον. Εἰ δὲ ἐν Ἕλλησι τοῦτο, πολλῷ μᾶλλον καὶ ἐν τῷ περὶ τῆς ἀναστάσεως λόγῳ οὕτω. Θέα δέ μοι πῶς δύο ἐναντία κατεσκεύασεν ὁ διάβολος· ἵνα γὰρ ἀμελῶμεν ἀρετῆς, καὶ ἵνα θεραπεύωμεν δαίμονας, τὴν ἀνάγκην εἰσήγαγεν, καὶ δι' ἑκατέρων ἀμφότερα ἔπεισε. Τίνα οὖν δυνήσεται λόγον δοῦναι ὁ διαπιστῶν πράγματι οὕτω θαυμαστῷ, καὶ τοῖς ἐκεῖνα ληροῦσι πειθόμενος; Μὴ τοίνυν μηδὲ αὕτη σε ἡ παραμυθία τρεφέτω, ὡς τεύξῃ συγγνώμης· ἀλλὰ συστρέψαντες ἑαυτοὺς, διεγείρωμεν πρὸς ἀρετὴν, καὶ ζήσωμεν ἀληθῶς τῷ Θεῷ, ἐν Χριστῷ, καὶ τὰ ἑξῆς.

ΟΜΙΛΙΑ Γʹ. Ὅς ἐστιν εἰκὼν τοῦ Θεοῦ τοῦ ἀοράτου, πρωτότοκος πάσης κτίσεως. Ὅτι ἐν αὐτῷ ἐκτίσθη τὰ πάντα, τὰ ἐν τοῖς οὐρανοῖς καὶ τὰ ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς, τὰ ὁρατὰ καὶ τὰ ἀόρατα, εἴτε θρόνοι εἴτε κυριότητες, εἴτε ἀρχαὶ εἴτε ἐξουσίαι· τὰ πάντα δι' αὐτοῦ, καὶ εἰς αὐτὸν ἔκτισται. Καὶ αὐτός ἐστι πρὸ πάντων, καὶ τὰ πάντα ἐν αὐτῷ συνέστηκε. Καὶ αὐτός ἐστιν ἡ κεφαλὴ τοῦ σώματος τῆς

Ἐκκλησίας. αʹ. Τήμερον ἀποδοῦναι ἀναγκαῖον τὸ ὄφλημα, ὅπερ χθὲς ἀνεβαλόμην, ὥστε ἀκμαζούσαις ὑμῶν προσβαλεῖν ταῖς διανοίαις. Περὶ τῆς τοῦ Υἱοῦ ἀξίας διαλεγόμενος ὁ Παῦλος ταῦτά φησιν, ὥσπερ καὶ ἀπεδείξαμεν· Ὅς ἐστιν εἰκὼν τοῦ Θεοῦ τοῦ ἀοράτου. Τίνος οὖν αὐτὸν οἴει λέγειν εἰκόνα εἶναι; Εἰ μὲν τοῦ Θεοῦ, καλῶς· Θεὸς γὰρ καὶ Θεοῦ Υἱός· Θεοῦ δὲ εἰκὼν τὸ ἀπαράλλακτον δείκνυσιν· οὐκοῦν ἀπαράλλακτος κατὰ τοῦτο· εἰ δὲ ἀνθρώπου, εἰπὲ, καὶ ὡς μαινομένου λοιπὸν ἀποστήσομαι. ∆ιὰ τί δὲ μηδαμοῦ μήτε εἰκὼν, μήτε υἱὸς, ἄγγελος κέκληται, ἀλλ' ἄνθρωπος ἀμφότερα; ∆ιὰ τί; Ὅτι ἐκεῖ μὲν τὸ τῆς φύσεως ἀνηρμένον ταχέως ἂν τοὺς πολλοὺς εἰς ταύτην τὴν ἀσέβειαν ἐνέβαλεν· ἐνταῦθα δὲ τὸ εὐτελὲς καὶ ταπεινὸν ἐγγυᾶται τὴν ἀσφάλειαν, καὶ οὐδὲ βουλομένους ἀφίησιν ὑποπτεῦσαί τι τοιοῦτον, καὶ καταγαγεῖν τὸν λόγον 62.318 κάτω. ∆ιὰ τοῦτο ἔνθα μὲν ἦν πολλὴ ταπεινότης, θαῤῥούντως ἡ Γραφὴ τίθησι τὴν τιμήν· ἔνθα δὲ μείζων ἡ φύσις, οὐκέτι. Ἀλλ', Εἰκὼν τοῦ ἀοράτου, φησίν. Οὐκοῦν εἰ ἐκεῖνος ἀόρατος, καὶ αὕτη ὁμοίως ἀόρατος, ἐπεὶ οὐδ' ἂν εἰκὼν εἴη. Τὴν γὰρ εἰκόνα, καθό ἐστιν εἰκὼν, καὶ παρ' ἡμῖν ἀπαράλλακτον δεῖ εἶναι, οἷον τῶν χαρακτήρων καὶ τῆς ὁμοιώσεως. Ἀλλ' ἐνταῦθα μὲν οὐδαμῶς τοῦτο δυνατόν· τέχνη γάρ ἐστιν ἀνθρωπίνη ἡ πολλαχοῦ διαπίπτουσα, μᾶλλον δὲ πανταχοῦ, ἐὰν τὰ τῆς ἀκριβείας ζητῇς· ἔνθα δὲ ὁ Θεὸς, οὐδαμοῦ σφάλλεται, οὐδὲ διάπτωσίς τις γίνεται. Εἰ δὲ κτίσμα, πῶς εἰκὼν τοῦ κτίσαντος; οὐδὲ γὰρ ἵππος ἀνθρώπου εἰκών. Εἰ μὴ τὸ ἀπαράλλακτον τοῦ ἀοράτου δηλοῖ ἡ εἰκὼν, τί κωλύει καὶ ἀγγέλους εἰκόνα εἶναι; καὶ γὰρ καὶ αὐτοὶ ἀόρατοι, ἀλλ' οὐχ ἑαυτοῖς· καὶ ψυχὴ ἀόρατος·