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and returning to his ancestral city, he both deposed and exiled Macedonius, who had completed one year on the throne, and he installed in his place Eudoxius, who held the doctrines of Arius, and who served as bishop for ten years. And he again transferred the body of his own father to the church of the holy apostles. This Constantius, therefore, also brought back the most holy bodies of the holy apostles Andrew and Luke through the dux of Alexandria, and later also of the victorious martyr Artemius, to the ancestral city and deposited them in the church of the holy apostles within the sanctuary. And his wife was Eusebia, who became renowned for her beauty. but she was unfortunate concerning her husband, him being effeminate and rather 59 sluggish in matters of love, both from diseases and from nature. wherefore, wasting away little by little, she died before Constantius, having remained childless throughout her life; but as some say, having also fallen into an illness of uterine madness, she passed away. And it is also said that Constantius was skilled in riding and javelin-throwing, and was conversant with literature, so that he was able to compose a verse. And when the death of Constantius was announced to Julian, the armies acclaimed him Augustus, but he, having changed his imperial attire and put on mourning clothes, was seen with a sullen look. And he held a public mourning for the deceased emperor according to custom. Then he set out for Byzantium; and the senate and the people met him, and with acclamations he proceeded to the palace, and took hold of the administration of public affairs. But the body of Constantius, the military with him and the commanders conveyed on a carriage to Constantinople; which Julian also met and escorted, having removed the diadem from his head. And the 60 body of the deceased emperor was laid to rest in the church of the holy apostles. And many of those around the palace Julian put some to death, and others he exiled and deprived of their property. And to the other administrative duties of the empire he also added judging. Once, at any rate, while judging someone accused of having stolen public funds and who denied the theft, when the accuser said, "Who, O emperor, would stand trial for a crime, if the accused could benefit from denial?" he replied, "And who will be innocent, if accusers are to be believed without proof?" And he also gave audience to ambassadors sent from various nations to Constantius. And he also inspected and reviewed the armies, and dismissed the greater part of the imperial household staff. And having asked for a barber, when Constantius' barber approached him, lavishly attired, he said he was looking for a barber, not a senator, and sent him away. And seeing one of the imperial cooks in attire more splendid than his service, he also sent for his own cook, dressed as a cook; and he asked those present which of them they judged to be the cook. And when 61 they said the plainly dressed one, he dismissed the other. And he did these things seeking a reputation from seeming unpretentious and a true philosopher. And having distributed money to the soldiers, he prepared for the war against the Persians. And having become emperor and secured the rule for himself, he immediately broke out into open Hellenism. For he had previously sworn off, as has been said, the things of the Christians, but he did not dare to bring forth openly the birth-pangs of his impiety. For it is said that, nursing a desire for the empire and hiding it in his soul as if under embers, he approached seers and sorcerers, inquiring if he would obtain the power, and by them he was corrupted and converted to Hellenism. And having obtained the power by the inscrutable judgments of God, he made many martyrs; for he raged so against the Christians as to even prevent them from partaking of Greek studies, saying that it was not right for those who call them myths and disparage them to enjoy the benefit from them and through them to be armed against them. wherefore, since the Christian children were prevented from studying the poets, Apolli62narius is said to have turned his hand to the Psalter

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καὶ πρὸς τὴν πατρικὴν πόλιν ἐπανελθὼν τὸν Μακεδόνιον ἔτος ἓν ἠνυκότα τοῦ θρόνου κατέσπασέ τε καὶ ὑπερώρισε, καθίδρυσε δ' ἐν αὐτῷ τὸν Εὐδόξιον, τὰ τοῦ Ἀρείου πρεσβεύοντα, ἐπὶ δέκα ἐνιαυτοὺς ἀρχιερατεύσαντα. μετεκόμισε δ' αὖθις τὸ σῶμα τοῦ οἰκείου πατρὸς εἰς τὸν τῶν ἁγίων ἀποστόλων ναόν. Οὗτος δὴ οὖν ὁ Κωνστάντιος καὶ τὰ τῶν ἁγίων ἀποστόλων ἱερώτατα σώματα Ἀνδρέου τε καὶ Λουκᾶ διὰ τοῦ δουκὸς Ἀλεξανδρείας, ὕστερον δὲ καὶ καλλινίκου μάρτυρος Ἀρτεμίου, εἰς τὸ πατρῷον ἀνεκόμισεν ἄστυ καὶ ἐν τῷ ναῷ τῶν ἁγίων ἀποστόλων ἀπεθησαύρισε τοῦ θυσιαστηρίου ἐντός. Γαμετὴ δὲ αὐτῷ ἦν Εὐσεβία, ἣ ἐπὶ κάλλει γέγονε περιβόητος. περὶ δὲ τὸν γαμέτην ἠτύχησε μαλθακὸν ὄντα καὶ τὰ 59 πρὸς ἀφροδίτην νωθέστερον ἐκ νόσων τε καὶ ἐκ φύσεως. ὅθεν κατὰ βραχὺ φθίνουσα τοῦ Κωνσταντίου προτέθνηκεν, ἄπαις διὰ βίου μείνασα· ὡς δέ τινες λέγουσι, καὶ μητρομανίας νοσήματι περιπεσοῦσα ἐξέλιπε. λέγεται δὲ καὶ πρὸς τὸ ἱππεύειν καὶ ἀκοντίζειν περιδέξιος ὁ Κωνστάντιος εἶναι καὶ λόγοις ὡμιληκέναι, ὡς ἔπος δύνασθαι συντιθέναι. Ἀγγελθείσης δὲ τῷ Ἰουλιανῷ τῆς τοῦ Κωνσταντίου τελευτῆς τὰ μὲν στρατεύματα Αὔγουστον αὐτὸν ἀνευφήμησαν, ἐκεῖνος δὲ τὸ βασιλικὸν ἀμείψας σχῆμα καὶ πενθῆρες ἐνδὺς σκυθρωπάζων ὦπτο. καὶ δημόσιον ἐπὶ τῷ τελευτήσαντι βασιλεῖ κατ' ἔθος πεποίηκε πένθος. εἶτα ἐπὶ τὸ Βυζάντιον ὥρμησε· καί οἱ προσυπήντησεν ἡ σύγκλητος καὶ ὁ δῆμος καὶ σὺν εὐφήμοις φωναῖς προῆλθεν εἰς τὰ βασίλεια, καὶ τῆς τῶν κοινῶν διοικήσεως ἥψατο. τὸ δὲ τοῦ Κωνσταντίου σῶμα τὸ σὺν ἐκείνῳ στρατιωτικὸν καὶ οἱ ἄρχοντες ἐπ' ὀχήματος εἰς Κωνσταντινούπολιν διεκόμισαν· ὃ καὶ ὁ Ἰουλιανὸς προσυπήντησε καὶ παρέπεμψε, περιελόμενος τῆς κεφαλῆς τὸ διάδημα. κατετέθη δὲ 60 ὁ τοῦ τελευτήσαντος νεκρὸς αὐτοκράτορος ἐν τῷ τῶν ἁγίων ἀποστόλων ναῷ. Πολλοὺς δὲ τῶν περὶ τὰ βασίλεια ὁ Ἰουλιανὸς τοὺς μὲν ἀνεῖλε, τοὺς δὲ ὑπερώρισε καὶ τῶν οὐσιῶν ἀπεστέρησε. ταῖς δὲ λοιπαῖς τῆς βασιλείας διοικήσεσι καὶ τὸ δικάζειν συνέταττε. ποτὲ γοῦν δικάζων τινὶ κεκλοφέναι κατηγορουμένῳ δημόσια χρήματα καὶ τὴν κλοπὴν ἀρνουμένῳ, ἐπεὶ ὁ κατήγορος "τίς" ἔφη "βασιλεῦ, ἐπ' ἐγκλήματι δίκην ὑπόσχῃ, εἰ ἐξ ἀρνήσεως ὠφελοῖντο οἱ αἰτιώμενοι;" ἐκεῖνος ἀνταπεκρίνατο "καὶ τίς ἔσται ἀναίτιος, εἰ ἐλέγχων ἄνευ πιστεύοιντο οἱ κατήγοροι;" ἐχρημάτιζε δὲ καὶ πρέσβεσιν ἐκ διαφόρων ἐθνῶν σταλεῖσι πρὸς τὸν Κωνστάντιον. καὶ τὰ στρατεύματα δὲ ἐπεσκέπτετο καὶ ἐξήταζε, τὸ πολύ τε τῆς βασιλικῆς θεραπείας ἀπεπέμψατο. κουρέα τε ζητήσας, ὡς προσῆλθεν αὐτῷ τοῦ Κωνσταντίου κουρεὺς πολυτελῶς ἐσταλμένος, κουρέα ζητεῖν εἶπεν, ἀλλ' οὐ συγκλητικόν, καὶ αὐτὸν ἀπεπέμψατο. καὶ μάγειρον δὲ τῶν βασιλικῶν ἐν ἐσθῆτι λαμπροτέρᾳ τῆς ὑπουργίας αὐτοῦ θεασάμενος καὶ τὸν ἑαυτοῦ μετεπέμψατο μάγειρον κατὰ μάγειρον ἐσταλμένον· καὶ ἤρετο τοὺς παρόντας, πότερον αὐτῶν κρίνοιεν μάγειρον. τῶν 61 δὲ τὸν εὐτελῶς εἰπόντων ἐσκευασμένον, παρῃτήσατο τὸν λοιπόν. ταῦτα δ' ἐποίει δόξαν θηρῶν ἐκ τοῦ δοκεῖν ἀπέριττος καὶ ὄντως φιλόσοφος. τοῖς στρατιώταις δὲ διανείμας χρήματα εἰς τὸν κατὰ Περσῶν ἡτοιμάζετο πόλεμον. Αὐτοκράτωρ δὲ γεγονὼς καὶ ἑαυτῷ τὴν ἀρχὴν κρατυνάμενος αὐτίκα εἰς προῦπτον ἐξερράγη ἑλληνισμόν. ἐξωμόσατο μὲν γὰρ πρότερον, ὡς εἴρηται, τὰ χριστιανῶν, οὐ μὴν εἰς τοὐμφανὲς ἐκρῆξαι τὴν ὠδῖνα τῆς ἀσεβείας ἐτόλμησε. λέγεται γὰρ ὅτι ἔρωτα τρέφων τῆς βασιλείας καὶ ὡς ὑπὸ σποδιᾷ τοῦτον κρύπτων ἐν τῇ ψυχῇ μάντεσι προσῄει καὶ γόησιν, εἰ τοῦ κράτους τεύξεται πυνθανόμενος, καὶ παρ' ἐκείνων διέφθαρτο καὶ μετήνεκτο εἰς ἑλληνισμόν. τυχὼν δὲ τοῦ κράτους τοῖς ἀνεφίκτοις κρίμασι τοῦ θεοῦ πολλοὺς εἰργάσατο μάρτυρας· οὕτω γὰρ ἐξεμάνη κατὰ χριστιανῶν ὡς καὶ κωλύειν αὐτοὺς μαθημάτων μετέχειν Ἑλληνικῶν, μὴ δεῖν λέγων μύθους αὐτὰ ὀνομάζοντάς τε καὶ διαβάλλοντας τῆς ἐξ αὐτῶν ὠφελείας ἀπολαύειν καὶ δι' αὐτῶν ὁπλίζεσθαι κατ' αὐτῶν. ὅθεν τῶν παίδων τῶν χριστωνύμων εἱργομένων μετιέναι τοὺς ποιητὰς ὁ Ἀπολι62 νάριος λέγεται εἰς τὴν τοῦ Ψαλτηρίου ὁρμηθῆναι