Chapter XV.

But the ways in our life which turn aside towards sin are innumerable; and their number is told by Scripture in divers manners. “Many are they that trouble me and persecute,” and “Many are they that fight against me from on high103    Ps. lvi. 3 (from LXX. according to many mss.: others join ἀπὸ ὔψους ἡμέρας οὐ φοβηθήσομαι, ab altitudine diei non timebo). But Aquila has ὕψιστε, agreeing with the Hebrew; so also Jerome.”; and many other texts like that. We may affirm, indeed, absolutely, that many are they who plot in the adulterer’s fashion to destroy this truly honourable marriage, and to defile this inviolate bed; and if we must name them one by one, we charge with this adulterous spirit anger, avarice, envy, revenge, enmity, malice, hatred, and whatever the Apostle puts in the class of those things which are contrary to sound doctrine. Now let us suppose a lady, prepossessing and lovely above her peers, and on that account wedded to a king, but besieged because of her beauty by profligate lovers. As long as she remains indignant at these would-be seducers and complains of them to her lawful husband, she keeps her chastity and has no one before her eyes but her bridegroom; the profligates find no vantage ground for their attack upon her. But if she were to listen to a single one of them, her chastity with regard to the rest would not exempt her from the retribution; it would be sufficient to condemn her, that she had allowed that one to defile the marriage bed. So the soul whose life is in God will find her pleasure104    οὐδενὶ ἀρεσθήσεται. The Vatican Cod. has ἐραθήσεται, which would require the genitive. in no single one of those things which make a beauteous show to deceive her. If she were, in some fit of weakness, to admit the defilement to her heart, she would herself have broken the covenant of her spiritual marriage; and, as the Scripture tells us, “into the malicious soul Wisdom cannot come105    Wis. i. 4..” It may, in a word, be truly said that the Good Husband cannot come to dwell with the soul that is irascible, or malice-bearing, or harbours any other disposition which jars with that concord. No way has been discovered of harmonizing things whose nature is antagonistic and which have nothing in common. The Apostle tells us there is “no communion of light with darkness106    2 Cor. vi. 14.,” or of righteousness with iniquity, or, in a word, of all the qualities which we perceive and name as the essence of God’s nature, with all the opposite which are perceived in evil. Seeing, then, the impossibility of any union between mutual repellents, we understand that the vicious soul is estranged from entertaining the company of the Good. What then is the practical lesson from this? The chaste and thoughtful virgin must sever herself from any affection which can in any way impart contagion to her soul; she must keep herself pure for the Husband who has married her, “not having spot or blemish or any such thing107    Eph. v. 27.—Origen (c. Cels. vii. 48, 49), comparing Pagan and Christian virginity, says, “The Athenian hierophant, distrusting his power of self-control for the period of his regular religious duties, uses hemlock, and passes as pure. But you may see among the Christians men who need no hemlock. The Faith drives evil from their minds, and ever fits them to perform the service of prayer. Belonging to some of the gods now in vogue there are certainly virgins here and there—watched or not I care not now to inquire—who seem not to break down in the course of chastity which the honour of their god requires. But amongst Christians, for no repute amongst men, for no stipend, for no mere show, they practise an absolute virginity; and as they ‘liked to retain God in their knowledge,’ so God has kept them in that liking mind, and in the performance of fitting works, filling them with righteousness and goodness. I say this without any depreciation of what is beautiful in Greek thought, and of what is wholesome in their teachings. I wish only to show that all they have said, and things more noble, more divine, have been said by those men of God, the prophets and apostles.”.”

[15] Κεφάλαιον ιεʹὍτι ἡ ἀληθὴς παρθενία ἐν παντὶ ἐπιτηδεύματι θεωρεῖται. Ἀλλ' εἰ κατείληπται ἡμῖν ἡ ὑπερβολὴ τοῦ χαρίσματος, συνιδεῖν προσήκει καὶ τὸ ἀκόλουθον, ὅτι οὐχ ἁπλοῦν, ὡς ἄν τις οἰηθείη, τὸ κατόρθωμα τοῦτό ἐστιν, οὐδὲ μέχρι τῶν σωμάτων ἱστάμενον, ἀλλ' ἐπὶ πάντα διῆκον καὶ διαβαῖνον τῇ ἐπινοίᾳ, ὅσα κατορθώματα ψυχῆς ἐστι καὶ νομίζεται. Ἡ γὰρ τῷ ἀληθινῷ νυμφίῳ προσκολληθεῖσα διὰ παρθενίας ψυχή, οὐ μόνον τῶν σωματικῶν μολυσμάτων ἑαυτὴν ἀποστήσει, ἀλλ' ἐντεῦθεν μὲν ἄρξεται τῆς καθαρότητος, ἐπὶ πάντα δὲ ὁμοίως καὶ μετὰ τῆς ἴσης ἀσφαλείας πορεύσεται, μήπου τῆς καρδίας παρὰ τὸ δέον ἐπικλιθείσης εἰς πονηροῦ τινος κοινωνίαν μοιχικόν τι πάθος κατὰ τὸ μέρος ἐκεῖνο προσδέξηται. Οἷόν τι λέγω _πάλιν γὰρ τὸν λόγον ἐπαναλήψομαι_: ἡ τῷ κυρίῳ προσκολληθεῖσα ψυχὴ εἰς τὸ γενέσθαι πρὸς αὐτὸν ἓν πνεῦμα, καὶ καθάπερ ὁμολογίαν τινὰ συμβιωτικὴν καταθεμένη τὸ μόνον ἐκεῖνον «ἀγαπᾶν ἐξ ὅλης καρδίας τε καὶ δυνάμεως», οὔτε τῇ πορνείᾳ προσκολληθήσεται, ἵνα μὴ γένηται σῶμα ἓν πρὸς αὐτήν, οὔτε ἄλλο τι τῶν ἀντικειμένων τῇ σωτηρίᾳ προσδέξεται, ὡς μιᾶς οὔσης ἐν ἅπασι τῆς τῶν μιασμάτων κοινότητος, καί, εἰ δι' ἑνός τινος μολυνθείη, μηκέτι τὸ ἄσπιλον ἔχειν ἐν ἑαυτῇ δυναμένη.
Ἔστι δὲ καὶ δι' ὑποδείγματος τεκμηριῶσαι τὸν λόγον. Ὥσπερ τὸ ἐν τῇ λίμνῃ ὕδωρ τέως μὲν λεῖόν ἐστι καὶ ἀκίνητον, εἰ μηδεμία τις τῶν ἔξωθεν ταραχὴ προσπεσοῦσα τὸ σταθερὸν τοῦ τόπου διακινήσειε, λίθου δέ ποθεν ἐμπεσόντος τῇ λίμνῃ ὅλον ἐν κύκλῳ συνεκλονήθη τῷ μερικῷ σάλῳ συγκυματούμενον_ὁ μὲν γὰρ ὑπὸ τοῦ βάρους εἰς τὸν βυθὸν καταδύεται, τῶν δὲ περὶ αὐτὸν κυμάτων κυκλοτερῶς ἐν ἀλλήλοις ἐγειρομένων καὶ ἐπὶ τὰ ἄκρα τοῦ ὕδατος ὑπὸ τῆς ἐν τῷ μέσῳ κινήσεως ἐξωθουμένων, πᾶσα ἐν κύκλῳ περιτραχύνεται τῆς λίμνης ἡ ἐπιφάνεια συνδιατιθεμένη τῷ βάθει_: οὕτω καὶ τὸ τῆς ψυχῆς γαληναῖον καὶ ἡσύχιον δι' ἑνός τινος παρεμπεσόντος εἰς αὐτὴν πάθους ὅλον συνδιεσείσθη καὶ τῆς τοῦ μέρους βλάβης ἐπῄσθετο. Φασὶ δὲ καὶ οἱ τὰ τοιαῦτα ἐξητακότες μὴ ἀπεσχίσθαι τὰς ἀρετὰς ἀπ' ἀλλήλων μηδὲ δυνατὸν εἶναι μιᾶς τινος ἀρετῆς κατὰ τὸν ἀκριβῆ περιδράξασθαι λόγον τὸν μὴ καὶ τῶν λοιπῶν ἐφαψάμενον, ἀλλ' ᾧ ἂν παραγένηται μία τῶν ἀρετῶν ἀναγκαίως ἐπακολουθεῖν καὶ τὰς ἄλλας. Οὐκοῦν ἐξ ἀντιστρόφου καὶ ἡ περί τι βλάβη τῶν ἐν ἡμῖν εἰς ὅλον τὸν κατ' ἀρετὴν διατείνει βίον καὶ ὄντως, καθώς φησιν ὁ ἀπόστολος, τοῖς μέλεσι τὸ ὅλον συνδιατίθεται, ἄν τε πάσχῃ μέλος ἕν, συναλγοῦντος τοῦ παντός, ἄν τε καὶ δοξάζηται, τοῦ ὅλου συγχαίροντος.