[That David, the Ninevites, Hezekiah, and His Son Manasseh, are Eminent Examples of Repentance, the Prayer of Manasseh King of Judah. ]

XXII. It is also thy duty, O bishop, to have before thine eyes the examples of those that have gone before, and to apply them skilfully to the cases of those who want words of severity or of consolation. Besides, it is reasonable that in thy administration of justice thou shouldest follow the will of God; and as God deals with sinners, and with those who return, that thou shouldest act accordingly in thy judging. Now, did not God by Nathan reproach David for his offence? And yet as soon as he said he repented, He delivered him from death, saying, “Be of good cheer; thou shalt not die.”  121  2 Sam. xii. 13. So also, when God had caused Jonah  122  Jonah i. 17, and ii. to be swallowed up by the sea and the whale, upon his refusal to preach to the Ninevites, when yet he prayed to Him out of the belly of the whale, He retrieved his life from corruption. And when Hezekiah had been puffed up for a while, yet, as soon as he prayed with lamentation, He remitted his offence. But, O ye bishops, hearken to an instance useful upon this occasion. For it is written thus in the fourth book of Kings and the second book of Chronicles: “And Hezekiah died; and Manasseh his son reigned. He was twelve years old when he began to reign, and he reigned fifty and five years in Jerusalem; and his mother’s name was Hephzibah. And he did evil in the sight of the Lord: he did not abstain from the abominations of the heathen, whom the Lord destroyed from the face of the children of Israel. And Manasseh returned and built the high places which Hezekiah his father had overthrown; and he reared pillars for Baal, and set up an altar for Baal, and made groves, as did Ahab king of Israel. And he made altars in the house of the Lord, of which the Lord spake to David and to Solomon his son, saying, Therein will I put my name. And Manasseh set up altars, and by them served Baal, and said, My name shall continue for ever.  123  From “said” to “ever” is not in Scripture. And he built altars to the host of heaven in the two courts of the house of the Lord; and he made his children pass through the fire in a place named Ge Benennom;  124  Taken from 2 Chron. xxiii. 3, LXX., instead of the reading of the mss. “Gebanai.” and he consulted enchanters, and dealt with wizards and familiar spirits, and with conjurers and observers of times, and with teraphim. And he sinned exceedingly in the eyes of the Lord, to provoke Him to anger. And he set a molten and a graven image, the image of his grove, which he made in the house of the Lord, wherein the Lord had chosen to put His name in Jerusalem, the holy city, for ever, and had said, I will no more remove my foot from the land of Israel, which I gave to their fathers; only if they will observe to do according to all that I have commanded them, and according to all the precepts that my servant Moses commanded them. And they hearkened not. And Manasseh seduced them to do more evil before the Lord than did the nations whom the Lord cast out from the face of the children of Israel. And the Lord spake concerning Manasseh and concerning His people by the hand of His servants the prophets, saying, Because Manasseh king of Judah has done all these wicked abominations in a higher degree than the Amorite did which was before him, and hath made Judah to sin with his idols, thus saith the Lord God of Israel, Behold, I bring evils upon Jerusalem and Judah, that whosoever heareth of them, both his ears shall tingle. And I will stretch over Jerusalem the line of Samaria, and the plummet of the house of Ahab; and I will blot out Jerusalem as a table-book is blotted out by wiping it. And I will turn it upside down; and I will give up the remnant of my inheritance, and will deliver them into the hands of their enemies, and they shall become a prey and a spoil to all their enemies, because of all the evils which they have done in mine eyes, and have provoked me to anger from the day that I brought their fathers out of the land of Egypt even until this day. Moreover, Manasseh shed innocent blood very much, till he had filled Jerusalem from one end to another, beside his sins wherewith he made Judah to sin in doing evil in the sight of the Lord. And the Lord brought upon him the captains of the host of the king of Assyria, and they caught Manasseh in bonds, and they bound him in fetters of brass, and brought him to Babylon; and he was bound and shackled with iron all over in the house of the prison. And bread made of bran was given unto him scantily, and by weight, and water mixed with vinegar but a little and by measure, so much as would keep him alive; and he was in straits and sore affliction. And when he was violently afflicted, he besought the face of the Lord his God, and humbled himself greatly before the face of the Lord God of his fathers. And he prayed unto the Lord, saying, O Lord, almighty God of our fathers Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, and of their righteous seed, who hast made heaven and earth, with all the ornament thereof, who hast bound the sea by the word of Thy commandment, who hast shut up the deep, and sealed it by Thy terrible and glorious name, whom all men fear and tremble before Thy power; for the majesty of Thy glory cannot be borne, and Thine angry threatening towards sinners is insupportable. But Thy merciful promise is unmeasurable and unsearchable; for Thou art  the most high Lord ,  125  Not in mss. of great compassion, long-suffering, very merciful, and repentest of the evils of men. Thou, O Lord, according to Thy great goodness, hast promised repentance and forgiveness to them that have sinned against Thee, and of Thine infinite mercy hast appointed repentance unto sinners, that they may be saved. Thou therefore, O Lord, that art the God of the just, has not appointed repentance to the just as to Abraham and Isaac and Jacob, which have not sinned against Thee; but Thou hast appointed repentance unto me that am a sinner: for I have sinned above the number of the sands of the sea. My transgressions, O Lord, are multiplied; my transgressions are multiplied, and I am not worthy to behold and see the height of heaven for the multitude of mine iniquity. I am bowed down with many iron bands; for I have provoked Thy wrath, and done evil before Thee, setting up abominations, and multiplying offences. Now, therefore, I bow the knee of mine heart, beseeching Thee of grace. I have sinned, O Lord, I have sinned, and I acknowledge mine iniquities; wherefore I humbly beseech Thee, forgive me, O Lord, forgive me, and destroy me not with mine iniquities. Be not angry with me for ever, by reserving evil for me; neither condemn me into the lower part of the earth. For Thou art the God, even the God of them that repent, and in me Thou wilt show Thy goodness; for Thou wilt save me that am unworthy, according to Thy great mercy. Therefore I will praise Thee for ever all the days of my life; for all the powers of the heavens do praise Thee, and Thine is the glory for ever and ever. Amen. And the Lord heard his voice, and had compassion upon him. And there appeared a flame of fire about him, and all the iron shackles and chains which were about him fell off; and the Lord healed Manasseh from his affliction, and brought him back to Jerusalem unto his kingdom: and Manasseh knew that the Lord He is God alone. And he worshipped the Lord God alone with all his heart, and with all his soul, all the days of his life; and he was esteemed righteous. And he took away the strange gods and the graven image out of the house of the Lord, and all the altars which he had built in the house of the Lord, and all the altars in Jerusalem, and he cast them out of the city. And he repaired the altar of the Lord, and sacrificed thereon peace-offerings and thank-offerings. And Manasseh spake to Judah to serve the Lord God of Israel. And he slept in peace with his fathers; and Amon his son reigned in his stead. And he did evil in the sight of the Lord according to all things that Manasseh his father had done in the former part of his reign. And he provoked the Lord his God to anger.”  126  Kings xx., xxi.; 2 Chron. xxxii., xxxiii.

Ye have heard, our beloved children, how the Lord God for a while punished him that was addicted to idols, and had slain many innocent persons; and yet that He received him when he repented, and forgave him his offences, and restored him to his kingdom. For He not only forgives the penitent, but reinstates them in their former dignity.

[22] Χρὴ δέ σε, ὦ ἐπίσκοπε, πρὸ ὀφθαλμῶν ἔχειν καὶ τὰ προωδευκότα καὶ ἐμπείρως αὐτοῖς κεχρῆσθαι πρὸς νουθεσίαν τῶν στυπτικῶν ἢ παρακλητικῶν δεομένων λόγων: ἔτι καὶ ἐν τῷ κρίνειν σε δίκαιον τῷ τοῦ Θεοῦ ἐξακολουθεῖν θελήματι, καὶ ᾗ ὁ Θεὸς δικάζει τοὺς ἁμαρτάνοντας καὶ ἐπιστρέφοντας, παραπλησίως καὶ σὲ κρίνειν. Ἢ γὰρ οὐχὶ καὶ τὸν Δαυὶδ ὀλισθήσαντα ὀνειδίσας διὰ τοῦ Νάθαν καὶ εἰπόντα μετανοεῖν εὐθὺς καὶ τοῦ θανάτου λυτροῦται λέγων: «Θάρσει, οὐ μὴ ἀποθάνῃς»; Ἰωνᾶν μὴ θελήσαντα Νινευίταις κηρῦξαι ὑπὸ θαλάσσης καὶ κήτους καταποθῆναι ποιήσας, εὐξαμένου ἐν κοιλίᾳ, ἀνήγαγεν ἐκ φθορᾶς τὴν ζωὴν αὐτοῦ; Ἐζεκίαν πρὸς ὀλίγον τυφωθέντα, εὐξάμενον μετὰ δακρύων, ἀφῆκεν τοῦ ἐγκλήματος; Ἀκούσατε δή, ὦ ἐπίσκοποι, πρὸς τὰ τοιαῦτα ὠφέλιμον ὑπόδειγμα: γέγραπται γὰρ ἐν τῇ τετάρτῃ τῶν Βασιλειῶν καὶ ἐν τῇ δευτέρᾳ τῶν Παραλειπομένων τῇ τῶν ἡμερῶν οὕτως: «Μανασσῆς υἱὸς Ἐζεκίου ἐν τῷ βασιλεύειν αὐτὸν δωδεκαετής, καὶ πεντήκοντα πέντε ἔτη ἐβασίλευσεν ἐν Ἱερουσαλήμ, καὶ ὄνομα τῇ μητρὶ αὐτοῦ Ἐψιβά. Καὶ ἐποίησεν τὸ πονηρὸν ἐνώπιον Κυρίου καὶ οὐκ ἀπέστρεψεν ἀπὸ τῶν βδελυγμάτων τῶν ἐθνῶν ὧν ἐξωλόθρευσεν Κύριος ἀπὸ προσώπου τῶν υἱῶν Ἰσραήλ: καὶ ἐπέστρεψεν Μανασσῆς καὶ ᾠκοδόμησεν τὰ ὑψηλά, ἃ κατέσπασεν Ἐζεκίας ὁ πατὴρ αὐτοῦ, καὶ ἔστησεν στήλας τῇ Βάαλ καὶ ἀνέστησεν θυσιαστήριον τῇ Βάαλ, καὶ ἐποίησεν ἄλση, καθὼς ἐποίησεν Ἀχαὰβ βασιλεὺς Ἰσραήλ: καὶ ἐποίησεν θυσιαστήρια πάσῃ τῇ στρατιᾷ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ, καὶ ᾠκοδόμησεν θυσιαστήριον ἐν οἴκῳ Κυρίου, ἐν ᾧ εἶπεν Κύριος πρὸς Δαυὶδ καὶ πρὸς Σολομῶνα τὸν υἱὸν αὐτοῦ λέγων, ὅτι ἐν αὐτῷ θήσω τὸ ὄνομά μου. Καὶ ἔστησεν Μανασσῆς θυσιαστήρια, καὶ ἐν αὐτοῖς ἐδούλευσεν τῇ Βάαλ, καὶ εἶπεν: Ἔσται τὸ ὄνομά μου εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα. Καὶ ᾠκοδόμησε θυσιαστήρια ἐν ταῖς δυσὶν αὐλαῖς οἴκου Κυρίου τῇ στρατιᾷ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ: καὶ αὐτὸς διῆγεν τὰ τέκνα αὐτοῦ ἐν πυρὶ ἐν Γὲ Βενεννόμ, καὶ ἐκληδονίζετο καὶ ἐφαρμακεύετο καὶ ἐποίησεν ἐγγαστριμύθους καὶ ἐπαοιδοὺς καὶ γνώστας καὶ θεραφείν, καὶ ἐπλήθυνεν τοῦ ποιῆσαι τὸ πονηρὸν ἐν ὀφθαλμοῖς Κυρίου τοῦ παροργίσαι αὐτόν. Καὶ ἔθηκεν τὸν χωνευτὸν καὶ τὸν γλυπτὸν τοῦ ἄλσους, τὴν εἰκόνα ἣν ἐποίησεν, ἐν οἴκῳ Κυρίου, ἐν ᾧ ἐξελέξατο Κύριος θέσθαι τὸ ὄνομα αὐτοῦ ἐκεῖ ἐν Ἱερουσαλὴμ τῇ ἁγίᾳ πόλει εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα, καὶ εἶπεν: Οὐ προσθήσω τὸν πόδα μου σαλεῦσαι ἀπὸ τῆς γῆς Ἰσραὴλ, ἣν ἔδωκα τοῖς πατράσιν αὐτῶν, πλὴν ἐὰν φυλάξωνται κατὰ πάντα ὅσα ἐνετειλάμην αὐτοῖς, κατὰ πᾶσαν ἐντολήν, ἣν ἐνετείλατο Μωϋσῆς ὁ δοῦλός μου. Καὶ οὐκ ἤκουσαν, καὶ ἐπλάνησεν αὐτοὺς Μανασσῆς τοῦ ποιῆσαι τὸ πονηρὸν ἐνώπιον Κυρίου ὑπὲρ τὰ ἔθνη ἃ ἐξῆρεν Κύριος ἀπὸ προσώπου τῶν υἱῶν Ἰσραήλ. Καὶ ἐλάλησεν Κύριος ἐπὶ Μανασσῆν καὶ ἐπὶ τὸν λαὸν αὐτοῦ ἐν χειρὶ δούλων αὐτοῦ τῶν προφητῶν λέγων: Ἀνθ' ὧν ὅσα ἐποίησεν Μανασσῆς ὁ βασιλεὺς Ἰούδα τὰ βδελύγματα τὰ πονηρὰ ταῦτα ἀπὸ πάντων ὧν ἐποίησεν ὁ Ἀμορραῖος ἔμπροσθεν αὐτοῦ, καὶ ἐξήμαρτεν τὸν Ἰούδαν ἐν τοῖς εἰδώλοις αὐτοῦ, τάδε λέγει Κύριος ὁ Θεὸς Ἰσραήλ: Ἰδοὺ ἐγὼ φέρω κακὰ ἐπὶ Ἱερουσαλὴμ καὶ Ἰούδαν, ὥστε παντὸς ἀκούοντος αὐτὰ ἠχήσει ἀμφότερα τὰ ὦτα αὐτοῦ, καὶ ἐκτενῶ ἐπὶ Ἱερουσαλὴμ τὸ μέτρον Σαμαρείας καὶ τὸν σταθμὸν τοῦ οἴκου Ἀχαάβ, καὶ ἀπαλείψω τὴν Ἱερουσαλήμ, καθὼς ἀπαλείφεται τὸ πυξίον ἀπαλειφόμενον, καὶ καταστρέψω ἐπὶ πρόσωπον αὐτοῦ καὶ ἀποδώσομαι τὸ ὑπόλειμμα τῆς κληρονομίας μου, καὶ παραδώσω αὐτοὺς εἰς χεῖρας ἐχθρῶν αὐτῶν, καὶ ἔσονται εἰς διαρπαγὴν καὶ προνομὴν πᾶσι τοῖς ἐχθροῖς αὐτῶν: ἀνθ' ὧν ὅσα ἐποίησαν πονηρὰ ἐν ὀφθαλμοῖς μου, καὶ ἦσαν παροργίζοντές με ἀφ' ἧς ἡμέρας ἐξήγαγον τοὺς πατέρας αὐτῶν ἐκ γῆς Αἰγύπτου καὶ ἕως τῆς ἡμέρας ταύτης». «Καί γε αἷμα ἀθῶον ἐξέχεεν Μανασσῆς πολὺ σφόδρα, ἕως οὗ ἐπλήρωσεν τὴν Ἱερουσαλὴμ στόμα ἐπὶ στόματι, πλὴν ἀπὸ τῶν ἁμαρτιῶν αὐτοῦ ὧν ἐξήμαρτεν τὸν Ἰούδαν ποιῆσαι τὸ πονηρὸν ἐν ὀφθαλμοῖς Κυρίου. Καὶ ἤγαγεν Κύριος ἐπ' αὐτὸν τοὺς ἄρχοντας τῆς δυνάμεως τοῦ βασιλέως Ἀσούρ, καὶ κατελάβοντο τὸν Μανασσῆν ἐν δεσμοῖς καὶ ἔδησαν αὐτὸν ἐν πέδαις χαλκαῖς καὶ ἤγαγον αὐτὸν εἰς Βαβυλῶνα.» Καὶ ἦν δεδεμένος καὶ κατασεσιδηρωμένος ὅλος ἐν οἴκῳ φυλακῆς, καὶ ἐδίδοτο αὐτῷ ἐκ πιτύρων ἄρτος ἐν σταθμῷ βραχὺς καὶ ὕδωρ σὺν ὄξει ὀλίγον ἐν μέτρῳ, ὥστε ζῆν αὐτόν, καὶ ἦν συνεχόμενος καὶ ὀδυνώμενος σφόδρα. Καὶ ὡς βιαίως ἐθλίβη, ἐζήτησεν τὸ πρόσωπον Κυρίου τοῦ Θεοῦ αὐτοῦ, καὶ ἐταπεινώθη σφόδρα ἀπὸ προσώπου Κυρίου τοῦ Θεοῦ τῶν πατέρων αὐτοῦ, καὶ προσηύξατο πρὸς Κύριον τὸν Θεὸν λέγων: «Κύριε παντοκράτορ, ὁ Θεὸς τῶν πατέρων ἡμῶν, τοῦ Ἀβραὰμ καὶ Ἰσαὰκ καὶ Ἰακὼβ καὶ τοῦ σπέρματος αὐτῶν τοῦ δικαίου, ὁ ποιήσας τὸν οὐρανὸν καὶ τὴν γῆν σὺν παντὶ τῷ κόσμῳ αὐτῶν, ὁ πεδήσας τὴν θάλασσαν τῷ λόγῳ τοῦ προστάγματός σου, ὁ κλείσας τὴν ἄβυσσον καὶ σφραγισάμενος αὐτὴν τῷ φοβερῷ καὶ ἐνδόξῳ ὀνόματί σου, ὃν πάντα φρίσσει καὶ τρέμει ἀπὸ προσώπου δυνάμεώς σου, ὅτι ἄστεκτος ἡ μεγαλοπρέπεια τῆς δόξης σου καὶ ἀνυπόστατος ἡ ὀργὴ τῆς ἐπὶ ἁμαρτωλοὺς ἀπειλῆς σου, ἀμέτρητόν τε καὶ ἀνεξιχνίαστον τὸ ἔλεος τῆς ἐπαγγελίας σου: ὅτι σὺ εἶ Κύριος μακρόθυμος, εὔσπλαγχνος καὶ πολυέλεος, μετανοῶν ἐπὶ ταῖς κακίαις τῶν ἀνθρώπων: ὅτι σύ, ὁ Θεός, κατὰ τὴν χρηστότητα τῆς ἀγαθωσύνης σου ἐπηγγείλω μετανοίας ἄφεσιν τοῖς ἡμαρτηκόσιν, καὶ τῷ πλήθει τῶν οἰκτιρμῶν σου ὥρισας μετάνοιαν ἁμαρτωλοῖς εἰς σωτηρίαν. Σὺ οὖν, Κύριε ὁ Θεὸς τῶν δικαίων, οὐκ ἔθου μετάνοιαν δικαίοις, τῷ Ἀβραὰμ καὶ Ἰσαὰκ καὶ Ἰακώβ, τοῖς οὐχ ἡμαρτηκόσιν σοι, ἀλλ' ἔθου μετάνοιαν ἐπ' ἐμοὶ τῷ ἁμαρτωλῷ, διότι ἥμαρτον ὑπὲρ ἀριθμὸν ψάμμου θαλάσσης. Ἐπλήθυναν αἱ ἀνομίαι μου, Κύριε, ἐπλήθυναν αἱ ἀνομίαι μου, καὶ οὐκέτι εἰμὶ ἄξιος ἀτενίσαι καὶ ἰδεῖν τὸ ὕψος τοῦ οὐρανοῦ ἀπὸ πλήθους τῶν ἀδικιῶν μου, κατακαμπτόμενος πολλῷ δεσμῷ σιδηρῷ, διότι παρώργισα τὸν θυμόν σου καὶ τὸ πονηρὸν ἐνώπιόν σου ἐποίησα στήσας βδελύγματα καὶ πληθύνας προσοχθίσματα. Καὶ νῦν κλίνω γόνυ καρδίας μου, δεόμενος τῆς παρὰ σοῦ χρηστότητος. Ἡμάρτηκα, Κύριε, ἡμάρτηκα, καὶ τὰς ἀνομίας μου ἐγὼ γινώσκω: ἀλλ' αἰτοῦμαι δεόμενός σου: ἄνες μοι, Κύριε, ἄνες μοι, καὶ μὴ συναπολέσῃς με ταῖς ἀνομίαις μου, μηδὲ εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα μηνίσας τηρήσῃς τὰ κακά μοι, μηδὲ καταδικάσῃς με ἐν τοῖς κατωτάτοις τῆς γῆς: ὅτι σὺ εἶ ὁ Θεὸς τῶν μετανοούντων, καὶ ἐν ἐμοὶ δείξεις πᾶσαν τὴν ἀγαθωσύνην σου, ὅτι ἀνάξιον ὄντα σώσεις με κατὰ τὸ πολὺ ἔλεός σου: καὶ αἰνέσω σε διαπαντὸς ἐν πάσαις ταῖς ἡμέραις τῆς ζωῆς μου, ὅτι σὲ ὑμνεῖ πᾶσα ἡ δύναμις τῶν οὐρανῶν καὶ σοῦ ἐστιν ἡ δόξα εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας: ἀμήν.» Καὶ ἐπήκουσεν Κύριος τῆς φωνῆς αὐτοῦ καὶ ᾠκτείρησεν αὐτόν: καὶ ἐγένετο περὶ αὐτὸν φλὸξ πυρός, καὶ ἐτάκησαν πάντα τὰ περὶ αὐτὸν σίδηρα, καὶ ἰάσατο Κύριος τὸν Μανασσῆν ἐκ τῆς θλίψεως αὐτοῦ καὶ ἐπέστρεψεν αὐτὸν εἰς Ἱερουσαλὴμ ἐπὶ τὴν βασιλείαν αὐτοῦ. Καὶ ἔγνω Μανασσῆς, ὅτι Κύριος ὁ Θεὸς αὐτός ἐστιν Θεὸς μόνος, καὶ ἐλάτρευσεν μόνῳ Κυρίῳ τῷ Θεῷ ἐν ὅλῃ τῇ καρδίᾳ αὐτοῦ καὶ ἐν ὅλῃ τῇ ψυχῇ αὐτοῦ πάσας τὰς ἡμέρας τῆς ζωῆς αὐτοῦ, καὶ ἐλογίσθη δίκαιος. Καὶ περιεῖλεν τοὺς θεοὺς τοὺς ἀλλοτρίους καὶ τὸ γλυπτὸν ἐξ οἴκου Κυρίου καὶ πάντα τὰ θυσιαστήρια, ἃ ᾠκοδόμησεν ἐν ὄρει οἴκου Κυρίου καὶ ἐν Ἱερουσαλήμ, καὶ ἐξέβαλεν ἔξω τῆς πόλεως: καὶ κατώρθωσε τὸ θυσιαστήριον Κυρίου, καὶ ἐθυσίασεν ἐπ' αὐτῷ θυσίαν σωτηρίου καὶ αἰνέσεως, καὶ εἶπεν Μανασσῆς τῷ Ἰούδᾳ τοῦ δουλεύειν Κυρίῳ τῷ Θεῷ Ἰσραήλ. Καὶ ἐκοιμήθη ἐν εἰρήνῃ μετὰ τῶν πατέρων αὐτοῦ: καὶ ἐβασίλευσεν Ἀμὼς ὁ υἱὸς αὐτοῦ ἀντ' αὐτοῦ, καὶ ἐποίησεν τὸ πονηρὸν ἐνώπιον Κυρίου κατὰ πάντα, ὅσα ἐποίησε ὁ πατὴρ αὐτοῦ ἐν πρώτοις, καὶ παρώξυνεν Κύριον τὸν Θεὸν αὐτοῦ«.