God, ostracizing stupidity, and wishing his subjects to belong to necessity alone, through the not weaving together of linen and wool, banished variety; 77.1220 through the not adding purple to linen, luxury and adornment; and through dealing with leprosy of garments and stones, he forbade acquiring more than is necessary. For this happened to garments stored away and to empty houses. In another sense, through the linen and the wool He revealed the duplicity of character, forbidding it. You shall not plow with an ox and a donkey together. You shall not conduct your life yoking your love of labor with your love of pleasure. You shall have just balances, and just weights, and a just measure. By these different measures He alludes to the different modes of justice. For the chous is a type of measure among the Hebrews; for a mind that is both upright and a lover of justice, in a certain way weighs and measures the natures of things, testing and assigning to each what is fitting, subverting accuracy neither by defect nor by excess. OF THE BOOK OF NUMBERS. Moses and Aaron were commanded to review for battle-array and war, that is, to enroll every male of the sons of Israel from twenty years old and upward, everyone who goes out in the host. For everyone who has overcome childish weakness and softness, and has already become manly for the toils on behalf of virtue, and who goes out against demons in power and nobility, is enrolled in God's battle-array, and becomes a soldier of Christ. For the twentieth year is sufficient for courage and understanding for those who serve in worldly armies. But the time below that is incomplete for both. And Moses and Aaron, enrolling the aforementioned, both prefigured the one Christ, who is at once lawgiver and high priest, and the registrar of those who serve him. And, at God's command, are enrolled both all the males of the tribe of Levi, and only the male firstborn of the other tribes, from a month old and upward. But the period of a month is for both these and those a symbol of the infancy according to Christ in simplicity and innocence. Of these infants, the Levitical ones signify those who are consecrated; but the worldly firstborn signify those from the worldly life who imitate the truly firstborn Christ, as far as is possible. And Christ enrolls both these and those in the book of the ministers and firstborn who are above. The priestly class is placed first, as being dedicated to God alone, and not divided between God and the world, as the firstborn are divided; and both these and those are male, and superior to effeminacy. For what is cowardly and cannot contend is unapproved. 77.1221 And when all those previously enrolled had already died, and no one was left except Caleb son of Jephunneh, and Joshua son of Nun; again a census is made of the sons of those who had died, and they are enrolled for the inheritance of the land. The males of the eleven tribes from twenty years old and upward; neither women nor children are taken in the census. For an inheritance from God and enjoyment is for those who are fit for the spiritual battle-array against the invisible enemies, and are in their prime for spiritual manliness, and are advanced in understanding, but not for those who are made effeminate in passions, and are inactive in resisting demons, nor for those who have a childish mind. And here again are enrolled specifically the males of the Levitical tribe, from a month old and upward, for the reason stated above. But no inheritance is given to these among the sons of Israel; since for the priests there is no inheritance in the land, as there is for other people,
Ἐξοστρακίζων τὴν βλακείαν ὁ Θεὸς, καὶ μόνης γενέσθαι τῆς χρείας τοὺς ὑπηκόους βουλόμενος, διὰ μὲν τοῦ μὴ συνυφαίνειν λίνον καὶ ἔριον, τὴν ποικι 77.1220 λίαν ἐξώρισε· διὰ δὲ τοῦ μὴ πορφύραν τοῖς λίνοις, τὴν πολυτέλειαν καὶ τὸν καλλωπισμόν· διὰ δὲ τοῦ λέπραν ἱματίων καὶ λίθων περιεργάζεσθαι, τὸ κτᾶσθαι πλέον τῆς χρείας ἀπηγόρευσε. Τοῖς γὰρ ἀποθέτοις ἱματίοις καὶ ταῖς κεναῖς οἰκίαις τοῦτο συνέβαινε. Καθ' ἕτερον δὲ λόγον, διὰ τοῦ λίνου καὶ τοῦ ἐρίου τὴν τοῦ τρόπου διπλόην ἐνέφηνεν, ἀπαγορεύων αὐτήν. Οὐκ ἀροτριάσεις ἐν μόσχῳ παὶ ὄνῳ ἐπὶ τὸ αὐτό. Οὐ πολιτεύσῃ συζεύξας τὸ φιλόπονον σου τῷ φιληδόνῳ. Ζυγὰ δίκαια, καὶ σταθμία δίκαια, καὶ χοῦς δίκαιος ἔσται σοι. Τοῖς διαφόροις μέτροις τούτοις τοὺς διαφόρους τρόπους τῆς δικαιοσύνης αἰνίττεται. Καὶ ὁ χοῦς γὰρ, εἶδος μέτρου παρ' Ἑβραίοις· νοῦς γὰρ εὐθής τε καὶ φιλοδίκαιος, ταλαντεύει τρόπον τινὰ καὶ μετρεῖ τὰς τῶν πραγμάτων φύσεις, δοκιμάζων καὶ ἐπιμετρῶν ἑκάστῳ τὸ πρέπον, οὔτε τῷ ἐλλιπεῖ, οὔτε τῷ περιττῷ τὴν ἀκρίβειαν παραλύων. ΤΗΣ ΒΙΒΛΟΥ ΤΩΝ ΑΡΙΘΜΩΝ. Ἐκελεύσθησαν Μωσῆς καὶ Ἀαρὼν εἰς παράταξιν καὶ πόλεμον ἐπισκέψασθαι, τοῦτ' ἔστιν, ἀπο γράψασθαι πάντα ἄρσενα τῶν υἱῶν Ἰσραὴλ ἀπὸ εἰκοσαετοῦς καὶ ἐπάνω, πάντα ἐκπορευόμε νον ἐν δυνάμει. Πᾶς γὰρ ὑπερβὰς τὴν παιδικὴν ἀσθένειαν καὶ μαλακίαν, καὶ ἤδη γενόμενος ἀνδρικὸς εἰς πόνους τοὺς ὑπὲρ ἀρετῆς, καὶ ἐκπορευόμενος κατὰ δαιμόνων ἐν δυνάμει καὶ γενναιότητι, εἰς Θεοῦ παράταξιν ἀπογράφεται, καὶ Χριστοῦ γίνεται στρατιώτης. Ὁ μὲν γὰρ εἰκοστὸς ἐνιαυτὸς τοῖς κοσμικῶς στρατευομένοις αὐτάρκως εἰς ἀνδρείαν καὶ σύνεσιν. Ὁ δὲ κατωτέρω χρόνος ἀτελὴς πρὸς ἀμφότερα. Μωσῆς δὲ καὶ Ἀαρὼν ἀπογραφόμενοι τοὺς εἰρημένους, προετύπουν ἄμφω τὸν ἕνα Χριστὸν, τὸν νομοθέτην ἅμα καὶ ἀρχιερέα, καὶ ἀπογραφέα τῶν στρατευομένων αὐτῷ. Ἀπογράφονται δὲ, Θεοῦ προστάξαντος, τάτε ἄρσενα πάντα τῆς Λευὶ φυλῆς, καὶ τὰ ἄρσενα καὶ πρωτότοκα μόνα τῶν ἄλλων φυλῶν, ἀπὸ μηνιαίου καὶ ἐπάνω. Ἀλλ' ὁ μὲν μηνιαῖος χρόνος καὶ τούτοις κἀκείνοις σύμβολον τῆς κατὰ Χριστὸν ἐν ἁπλότητι καὶ ἀκακίᾳ νηπιότητος. Τῶν δὲ νηπίων τούτων τὰ μὲν Λευιτικὰ τοὺς ἱερωμένους ὑποσημαίνουσι· τὰ δὲ κοσμικὰ πρωτότοκα, τοὺς ἐκ τοῦ κοσμικοῦ βίου τὸν ἀληθῶς πρωτότοκον Χριστὸν μιμουμένους, ὅσον ἐγχωρεῖ. Ἀπογράφεται δὲ καὶ τούτους κἀκείνους ὁ Χριστὸς ἐν βίβλῳ τῶν ἄνω λειτουργῶν τε καὶ πρωτοτόκων. Προτέτακται δὲ τὸ ἱερατικὸν γένος, ὡς μόνῳ τῷ Θεῷ ἀνακείμενον, καὶ μὴ μεριζόμενον πρὸς Θεὸν καὶ κόσμον, καθάπερ μερίζονται τὰ πρωτότοκα· ἄρσενα δὲ καὶ ταῦτα κἀκεῖνα, καὶ θηλυπρεπείας ὑπέρτερα. Τὸ γὰρ ἄναλκι καὶ ἀκαταγώνιστον, ἀδόκιμον. 77.1221 Ἀποθανόντων δὲ πάντων ἤδη τῶν προαπογρα φέντων, καὶ οὐδενὸς ὑπολειφθέντος πλὴν Χά λεβ υἱοῦ Ἰεφωνῆ, καὶ Ἰησοῦ υἱοῦ Ναυῆ· πάλιν ἀπογραφὴ γίνεται τῶν υἱῶν τῶν τετελευτηκό των, καὶ ἀπογράφονται εἰς κληρονομίαν τῆς γῆς. Οἱ τῶν ἕνδεκα φυλῶν ἄρσενες ἀπὸ εἰκοσαετοῦς καὶ ἐπάνω· οὔτε δὲ γυναῖκες, οὔτε παῖδες εἰς ἀπογραφὴν λαμβάνονται. Κλῆρος γὰρ παρὰ Θεοῦ καὶ ἀπόλαυσις τοῖς ἐπιτηδείοις εἰς τὴν νοητὴν παράταξιν τῶν ἀοράτων ἐχθρῶν, καὶ ἀκμαίοις εἰς πνευματικὴν ἀνδραγαθίαν, καὶ βεβηκόσιν εἰς σύνεσιν, ἀλλ' οὐ τοῖς θηλυνομένοις ἐν πάθεσι, καὶ ἀδρανέσιν εἰς ἀντίστασιν τῶν δαιμόνων, οὐδὲ τοῖς παιδαριώδη φρόνησιν ἔχουσιν. Ἀπογράφονται κἀνταῦθα πάλιν ἰδικῶς τὰ ἄρσενα τῆς Λευιτικῆς φυλῆς, ἀπὸ μηνιαίου καὶ ἐπάνω, διὰ τὸν ἀνωτέρω δηλωθέντα λόγον. Οὐ δίδοται δὲ τούτοις κλῆρος ἐν υἱοῖς Ἰσραήλ· ἐπειδὴ τοῖς ἱερεῦσιν οὐκ ἔστιν ἐν γῇ κλῆρος, ὡς τοῖς ἄλλοις ἀνθρώποις,