but in heaven God Himself whom alone they both worship and attend. And on the day that the tabernacle was set up, the cloud covered the tabernacle, and the cloud covered it by day, and the appearance of fire by night. And when the Church of the faithful was established, Christ from above covered it, for those of the day* that is, those who have been enlightened, overshadowing them with the brightness of life and of doctrines, and driving away the burning heat of temptations, and sending refreshment and solace; but for those sleeping as if in the night in the darkness of ignorance, kindling and illuminating them unto knowledge and truth. For the less perfect have need of illumination, for guidance to what is better; but the more perfect have need of assistance, so as to be able to bear the burden and the heat of the day. And the ark of the covenant of the Lord went before them to seek out a resting place for them. Christ is the Ark. For just as that ark, made of incorruptible wood and pure gold, bore within it the law of the Lord; so also the humanity of Christ, composed of a body incorruptible with respect to sin, and of a pure and bright soul, had within it the Word of God, and God, which Christ went before into the heavenly places after the economy, to prepare a place for his worshippers, as he himself has said, that is, a place of rest. And the cloud overshadowed them by day when they set out from the camp. For Christ, who is the head, scattering the burning heat of temptations and giving solace, overshadows those who are departing from ignorance to knowledge, and from unbelief to faith, and are advancing in the course of virtue. For without me, he says, you can 77.1224 do nothing. "By day" is added, because he is accustomed both to cooperate and to give rest to those who walk in the light of good works. And by the commandment of the Lord they made their departures; because there is need both of a word urging to progress, and of obedience to the divine commandments. And the people were murmuring and speaking evil things before the Lord. And a fire was kindled among them from the Lord, and consumed a part of the camp. For those who blaspheme before Christ and turn away from him, the fire of Gehenna will consume them. But it said a part, because many of them, having turned back, will be delivered from punishment. And at another time, murmuring against God, and calling the manna insipid bread, they were destroyed by the bites of the serpents. For those who by ingratitude dishonor God the benefactor, fall into the bites of the spiritual dragon. God commanded Moses to make two trumpets of hammered silver, for calling the assembly, and for the camps to set out; and when it was necessary for only the leaders of the people to be gathered to him, to blow with one, when the people, with the two. And for the departures of the camps, he appointed four kinds of signals by means of such trumpets. Now, there are two trumpets, because the word of ecclesiastical teaching is twofold, the one regulating life, the other taking care of doctrines. And both are hammered and of silver, because of the sweet sound and the brightness and the blamelessness of both the one and the other. And one trumpet called together the leaders. For there is need of a word of correction even for the teachers; for they are men, except for a little; For, he says, give an occasion to a wise man, and he will be wiser. But two for the people. For they have need of much exhortation and comfort. And the four kinds of signals that were made by the trumpets prefigured the four books of the evangelists, which, by what they signify, command us to depart from these earthly things, of those in the four corners of the world, and to hasten to the Jerusalem above. And the four signals by means of the two trumpets, because also through the twofold Christ, the God-man, the things signified to the
ἀλλ' ἐν οὐρανῷ αὐτὸς ὁ Θεὸς ᾧ μόνῳ λατρεύουσί τε καὶ προσεδρεύουσι. Καὶ τῇ ἡμέρᾳ ᾖ ἐστάθη ἡ σκηνὴ, ἐκάλυψεν ἡ νεφέλη τὴν σκηνὴν, καὶ ἡ νεφέλη ἐκάλυ πτεν αὐτὴν ἡμέρας, καὶ εἶδος πυρὸς τὴν νύκτα. Παγείσης δὲ τῆς Ἐκκλησίας τῶν πιστῶν, ὁ Χριστὸς ἄνωθεν ἐσκέπασεν αὐτὴν, τοῖς μὲν τῆς ἡμέρας* ἤως τοῖς πεφωτισμένοις λαμπρότητι βίου καὶ τῶν δογμάτων ἐπισκιάζων, καὶ τὸν καύσωνα τῶν πειρασμῶν ἀπελαύνων, καὶ ἀνάψυξιν καὶ ψυχαγωγίαν ἐνιείς· τοὺς δὲ καθάπερ ἐν νυκτὶ τῷ σκότει τῆς ἀμαθείας καθεύδοντας, πυρσεύων καὶ φωτίζων εἰς ἐπίγνωσιν καὶ ἀλήθειαν. Χρεία γὰρ τοῖς μὲν ἀτελεστέροις φωτισμοῦ, πρὸς ὁδηγίαν τοῦ κρείττονος· τοῖς δὲ τελειοτέροις ἐπικουρίας, ὥστε δύνασθαι διενεγκεῖν τὸ βάρος καὶ τὸν καύσωνα τῆς ἡμέρας. Καὶ ἡ κιβωτὸς τῆς διαθήκης Κυρίου προεπορεύετο προτέρα αὐτῶν κατασκέψασθαι αὐτοῖς ἀνά παυσιν. Κιβωτὸς ὁ Χριστός. Ὥσπερ γὰρ ἐκείνη ἐκ ξύλων ἀσήπτων καὶ χρυσίου καθαροῦ κατασκευασθεῖσα ἔνδον, ἔφερε τὸν νόμον Κυρίου· οὕτω καὶ τὸ ἀνθρώπινον τοῦ Χριστοῦ ἐκ σώματος ἀφθάρτου καθ' ἁμαρτίαν, καὶ ψυχῆς καθαρᾶς καὶ λαμπρᾶς συντεθὲν, ἔνδον εἶχε τὸν Λόγον τοῦ Θεοῦ, καὶ Θεὸν, ὅστις Χριστὸς προεπορεύσατο εἰς τὰ ἐπουράνια μετὰ τὴν οἰκονομίαν, ἑτοιμάσαι τοῖς λατρευταῖς αὐτοῦ τόπον, ὡς αὐτὸς εἴρηκεν, τόπον δὲ τῆς ἀναπαύσεως δηλονότι. Καὶ ἡ νεφέλη ἐσκίαζεν ἐπ' αὐτοὺς ἡμέρας ἐν τῷ ἐξαίρειν αὐτοὺς ἐκ τῆς παρεμβολῆς. Ὁ Χριστὸς γὰρ, ὅς ἐστιν κεφαλὴ τὸν καύσωνα τῶν πειρασμῶν ἀποσκεδάζουσα, καὶ ψυχαγωγοῦσα, ἐπισκιάζει ἐπὶ τοὺς ἀπαίροντας ἐξ ἀγνοίας εἰς γνῶσιν, καὶ ἐξ ἀπιστίας εἰς πίστιν, καὶ κατὰ δρόμον ἀρετῆς προκόπτοντας. Χωρὶς γὰρ, φησὶν, ἐμοῦ οὐ δύνασθε 77.1224 ποιεῖν οὐδέν. Ἡμέρας δὲ πρόσκειται, διότι τοῖς ἐν φωτὶ καλῶν ἔργων πορευομένοις εἴωθε συνεργεῖν τε καὶ ἀναψύχειν. ∆ιὰ προστάγματος δὲ Κυρίου τὰς ἐπάρσεις ἐποιοῦντο· διότι χρεία καὶ λόγου τοῦ παροτρύνοντος εἰς προκοπὴν, καὶ ὑπακοῆς τῶν θείων ἐντολῶν. Καὶ ἦν ὁ λαὸς γογγύζων καὶ λαλῶν πονηρὰ ἔν αντι Κυρίου. Καὶ ἐξεκαύθη ἐν αὐτοῖς πῦρ πα ρὰ Κυρίου, καὶ κατέφαγε μέρος τῆς παρεμ βολῆς. Τοὺς γὰρ ἐνώπιον τοῦ Χριστοῦ βλασφημοῦντας καὶ ἀποστρεφομένους αὐτὸν, καταφάγεται τὸ πῦρ τῆς γεέννης. Μέρος δὲ εἶπε, διότι πολλοὶ αὐτῶν ἐπιστρέψαντες, ἐξαιρεθήσονται τῆς κολάσεως. Καὶ καθ' ἕτερον δὲ καιρὸν γογγύζοντες κατὰ τοῦ Θεοῦ, καὶ ἄρτον διάκενον τὸ μάννα προσαγορεύοντες, τοῖς δήγμασι τῶν ὄφεων διεφθείροντο. Οἱ γὰρ ταῖς ἀχαριστίαις τὸν εὐεργετοῦντα Θεὸν ἀτιμάζοντες, τοῖς τοῦ νοητοῦ δράκοντος δήγμασι περιπίπτουσι. ∆ύο σάλπιγγας ἐλατὰς ἀργυρᾶς ὁ Θεὸς ποιεῖν προσέταξε τῷ Μωσεῖ, πρὸς τὸ καλεῖν τὴν συναγωγὴν, καὶ ἐξαίρειν τὰς παρεμβολάς· καὶ ὅτε μὲν δέον μόνους τοὺς ἡγουμένους τοῦ λαοῦ συνάγεσθαι πρὸς αὐτὸν, τῇ μιᾷ σαλπίζειν, ὅτε τὸν λαὸν ταῖς δυσί. Πρὸς δὲ τὰς ἐξάρσεις τῶν παρεμβολῶν, τέσσαρα σημασιῶν ὥρισεν εἴδη διὰ τῶν τοιούτων σαλπίγγων. ∆ύο μὲν οὖν αἱ σάλπιγγες, ὅτι διττὸς λόγος τῆς ἐκκλησιαστικῆς διδασκαλίας, ὁ μὲν βίον ῥυθμίζων, ὁ δὲ δογμάτων ἐπιμελούμενος. Ἐλαταὶ δὲ καὶ ἀργυραῖ καὶ ἄμφω, διὰ τὸ εὔηχες καὶ λαμπρὸν καὶ ἀμώμητον καὶ τούτου κἀκείνου. Καὶ τοὺς μὲν ἡγουμένους μία συνεκάλει σάλπιγξ. Χρεία γὰρ λόγου διορθοῦντος καὶ τοῖς καθηγηταῖς· ἄνθρωποι γὰρ, πλὴν ὀλίγου· ∆ίδου γὰρ, φησὶ, σοφῷ ἀφορμὴν, καὶ σοφώτερος ἔσται. Τὸν δὲ λαὸν δύο. Πολλῆς γὰρ οὗτος δεῖται προτροπῆς καὶ παρακλήσεως. Τὰ δὲ τέσσαρα τῶν σημασιῶν εἴδη τὰ διὰ τῶν σαλπίγγων γινόμενα, τὰ τέσσαρα βιβλία τῶν εὐαγγελιστῶν προετύπουν, ἃ δι' ὧν σημαίνουσιν, ἐξαίρειν ἡμᾶς ἀπὸ τῶν γεηρῶν τούτων, τῶν ἐν τοῖς τέσσαρσι κλίμασι τῆς οἰκουμένης, καὶ πρὸς τὴν ἄνω Ἱερουσαλὴμ ἐπείγεσθαι διακελεύονται. ∆ιὰ δὲ τῶν δύο σαλπίγγων αἱ τέσσαρες σημασίαι, ὅτι καὶ διὰ τοῦ διπλοῦ Χριστοῦ τοῦ θεανθρώπου τὰ σημαινόμενα τοῖς