of things truly and genuinely great and heavenly, and matters concerning the shadows that follow the preceding things must be entrusted to God, who knows "what we need" because of the mortal body we have "before" we "ask him." 18.1 Having spoken sufficiently on these matters, according to the grace given, as we have been able, by God through his Christ (but would that it were also in the Holy Spirit, and if this is so, you will judge when you read this writing), and having examined the problem concerning prayer, we will now proceed to the next contest, wishing to contemplate the prayer prescribed by the Lord, with how much power it is filled. 18.2 And before all things, it must be observed that Matthew and Luke might seem to many to have recorded the same prayer prescribed for how one ought to pray. The words of Matthew are in this manner: 'Our Father who art in heaven, hallowed be thy name. Thy kingdom come. Thy will be done, as in heaven, so on earth. Give us this day our daily bread. And forgive us our debts, as we also have forgiven our debtors. And lead us not into temptation, but deliver us from evil,20,' but those of Luke are thus: 'Father, hallowed be thy name. Thy kingdom come. Give us day by day our daily bread. And forgive us our sins, for we ourselves also forgive everyone who is indebted to us. And lead us not into temptation.20' 18.3 But it must be said to those who suppose so that first, the words, although they have some things neighboring each other, also appear to differ in other things, as we will show by investigating them; and second, that it is not possible for the same prayer to have been spoken on the mountain, where "seeing the crowds, he went up," when "after he sat down, his disciples came to him, and opening his mouth, he taught them" (for this is found recorded in Matthew in the sequence of the discourse on the beatitudes and the following commandments), and "while he was praying in a certain place, when he ceased," to have been spoken to one "of the disciples" who asked to be taught "to pray, as John also taught his disciples." For how is it possible for the same words to be spoken authoritatively without any preceding question and also to be delivered in response to a disciple's request? But perhaps someone might say to this that the prayers are equivalent, spoken as one, sometimes in an authoritative discourse and sometimes to another of the disciples who asked, who was likely not present then, when he spoke the one according to Matthew, or had not retained what was said long before; but perhaps it is better to consider the prayers as different, having some parts in common. And having searched also in Mark, lest such an equivalent one recorded there escape our notice, we found not even a trace of the prayer inscribed. 19.1 But since, as we have said in the preceding sections, the one praying must first compose and dispose himself in a certain way and then pray, let us see, before the prayer inscribed in Matthew, the <words> concerning it delivered by our Savior, which are as follows: 'When you pray, you shall not be like the hypocrites; for they love to stand and pray in the synagogues and at the corners of the streets, that they may be seen by men. Truly I say to you, they have received their reward. But you, when you pray, enter into your room, and shutting your door, pray to your Father who is in secret, and your Father who sees you in secret will reward you. And when you pray, do not use vain repetitions as the Gentiles do; for they think that they will be heard for their much speaking. Do not, therefore, be like them; for your Father knows what you need before you ask him. Pray then like this.' 19.2 In many places, therefore, our Savior appears to oppose the love of glory as a destructive passion; which he has also done here, dissuading from performing the work of hypocrites at the time of prayer;
μένως καὶ ἀληθῶς μεγάλων καὶ ἐπουρανίων, καὶ τὰ περὶ τῶν ἐπακολουθουσῶν σκιῶν τοῖς προηγουμένοις θεῷ ἐπιτρεπτέον, τῷ ἐπισταμένῳ «ὧν χρείαν» διὰ τὸ ἐπίκηρον σῶμα ἔχομεν «πρὸ τοῦ» ἡμᾶς «αἰτῆσαι αὐτόν.» 18.1 Αὐτάρκως δὴ ἐν τούτοις, κατὰ τὴν δεδομένην χάριν, ὡς κεχωρήκαμεν, ὑπὸ θεοῦ διὰ τοῦ Χριστοῦ αὐτοῦ (ἀλλ' εἴθε καὶ ἐν ἁγίῳ πνεύματι, ὅπερ εἰ οὕτως ἔχει, κρινεῖτε ἐντυγχάνοντες τῇ γραφῇ) ἡμῖν εἰρημένοις, ἐξετάσαντες τὸ περὶ εὐχῆς πρόβλημα, ἤδη καὶ ἐπὶ τὸν ἑξῆς ἆθλον ἐλευσόμεθα, τὴν ὑπογραφεῖσαν ὑπὸ τοῦ κυρίου προσευχὴν, ὅσης δυνάμεως πεπλήρωται, θεωρῆσαι βου λόμενοι. 18.2 καὶ πρὸ πάντων γε παρατηρητέον ὅτι ὁ Ματθαῖος καὶ ὁ Λουκᾶς δόξαιεν ἂν τοῖς πολλοῖς τὴν αὐτὴν ἀναγεγραφέναι ὑποτε τυπωμένην πρὸς τὸ δεῖν οὕτως προσεύχεσθαι προσευχήν. ἔχουσι δὲ αἱ λέξεις τοῦ μὲν Ματθαίου τὸν τρόπον τοῦτον· «0πάτερ ἡμῶν ὁ ἐν τοῖς οὐρανοῖς, ἁγιασθήτω τὸ ὄνομά σου· ἐλθέτω ἡ βασι λεία σου· γενηθήτω τὸ θέλημά σου ὡς ἐν οὐρανῷ καὶ ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς· τὸν ἄρτον ἡμῶν τὸν ἐπιούσιον δὸς ἡμῖν σήμερον· καὶ ἄφες ἡμῖν τὰ ὀφειλήματα ἡμῶν, ὡς καὶ ἡμεῖς ἀφήκα μεν τοῖς ὀφειλέταις ἡμῶν· καὶ μὴ εἰσενέγκῃς ἡμᾶς εἰς πει ρασμὸν, ἀλλὰ ῥῦσαι ἡμᾶς ἀπὸ τοῦ πονηροῦ20,» τοῦ δὲ Λουκᾶ οὕτως· «0πάτερ, ἁγιασθήτω τὸ ὄνομά σου· ἐλθέτω ἡ βασι λεία σου· τὸν ἄρτον ἡμῶν τὸν ἐπιούσιον δίδου ἡμῖν τὸ καθ' ἡμέραν· καὶ ἄφες ἡμῖν τὰς ἁμαρτίας ἡμῶν, καὶ γὰρ αὐτοὶ ἀφίεμεν παντὶ τῷ ὀφείλοντι ἡμῖν· καὶ μὴ εἰσενέγκῃς ἡμᾶς εἰς πειρασμόν20.» 18.3 λεκτέον δὲ πρὸς τοὺς οὕτως ὑπολαμβάνοντας ὅτι πρῶτον μὲν τὰ ῥήματα, εἰ καὶ γειτνιῶντά τινα ἔχει ἀλλήλοις, ἀλλὰ καὶ ἐν ἄλλοις διαφέρειν φαίνεται, ὡς ἐρευνῶντες αὐτὰ παραστήσομεν· δεύ τερον δὲ ὅτι οὐχ οἷόν τε ἐστὶ τὴν αὐτὴν προσευχὴν καὶ ἐν τῷ ὄρει λέγεσθαι, ἔνθα «ἰδὼν τοὺς ὄχλους ἀνέβη,» ὅτε «καθίσαντος αὐτοῦ προσῆλθον αὐτῷ οἱ μαθηταὶ αὐτοῦ, καὶ ἀνοίξας τὸ στόμα αὐτοῦ ἐδίδασκεν» (ἐν γὰρ τῷ εἱρμῷ τῆς περὶ τῶν μακαρισμῶν ἀπαγγελίας καὶ τῶν ἑξῆς ἐντολῶν παρὰ τῷ Ματθαίῳ αὕτη ἀναγεγραμμένη εὑ ρίσκεται), καὶ «ἐν τῷ εἶναι αὐτὸν ἐν τόπῳ τινὶ προσευχόμενον, ὡς ἐπαύσατο,» εἰρῆσθαι πρός τινα «τῶν μαθητῶν» ἀξιώσαντα διδαχθῆ ναι «προσεύχεσθαι, ὡς καὶ Ἰωάννης ἐδίδασκε τοὺς μαθητὰς αὐτοῦ.» πῶς γὰρ ἐνδέχεται τοὺς αὐτοὺς λόγους χωρὶς πάσης προγενομένης πεύσεως ἀποτακτικῶς εἰρῆσθαι καὶ πρὸς ἀξίωσιν μαθητοῦ ἀπαγ γέλλεσθαι; ἀλλ' ἴσως τις εἴποι ἂν πρὸς τοῦτο ὅτι ἰσοδυναμοῦσαί εἰσιν αἱ εὐχαὶ εἰρημέναι ὡς μία, ὁτὲ μὲν ἐν ἀποτατικῷ λόγῳ ὁτὲ δὲ πρὸς ἕτερον τῶν μαθητῶν τὸν ἀξιώσαντα, κατὰ τὸ εἰκὸς τότε μὴ παρόντα, ὅτε ἔλεγε τὸ κατὰ τὸν Ματθαῖον, ἢ μὴ κεκρατηκότα τῶν εἰρημένων πάλαι· μή ποτε δὲ βέλτιον ᾖ διαφόρους νομίζεσθαι τὰς προσευχὰς, κοινά τινα ἐχούσας μέρη. ζητήσαντες δὲ καὶ παρὰ τῷ Μάρκῳ, μή ποτε λανθάνῃ ἡμᾶς ἡ τοιαύτη ἰσοδυναμοῦσα ἀναγεγραμ μένη, οὐδ' ἴχνος ἐγκείμενον προσευχῆς εὕρομεν. 19.1 Ἐπεὶ δὲ, ὡς ἐν τοῖς ἀνωτέροις εἰρήκαμεν, πρῶτον δεῖ καταστῆναί πως καὶ διατεθῆναι τὸν προσευχόμενον εἶθ' οὕτως εὔξασθαι, ἴδωμεν πρὸ τῆς ἐγκειμένης προσευχῆς παρὰ τῷ Ματθαίῳ τοὺς περὶ αὐτῆς ὑπὸ τοῦ σωτῆρος ἡμῶν ἀπηγγελμένους <λόγους>, οἵ τινες οὕτως ἔχουσιν· «ὅταν προσεύχησθε, οὐκ ἔσεσθε ὥσπερ οἱ ὑποκριταί· ὅτι φιλοῦσιν ἐν ταῖς συναγωγαῖς καὶ ἐν ταῖς γωνίαις τῶν πλατειῶν ἑστῶτες προσεύχεσθαι, ὅπως φανῶσι τοῖς ἀνθρώ ποις. ἀμὴν λέγω ὑμῖν ὅτι ἀπέχουσι τὸν μισθὸν αὐτῶν. σὺ δὲ ὅταν προσεύχῃ, εἴσελθε εἰς τὸ ταμεῖόν σου καὶ κλείσας τὴν θύραν σου πρόσευξαι τῷ πατρί σου τῷ ἐν τῷ κρυπτῷ, καὶ ὁ πατήρ σου ὁ βλέπων σε ἐν τῷ κρυπτῷ ἀποδώσει σοι. προσευχόμενοι δὲ μὴ βατ τολογήσητε ὥσπερ οἱ ἐθνικοί· δοκοῦσι γὰρ ὅτι ἐν τῇ πολυλογίᾳ αὐτῶν εἰσακουσθήσονται. μὴ οὖν ὁμοιωθῆτε αὐτοῖς· οἶδε γὰρ ὁ πατὴρ ὑμῶν ὧν χρείαν ἔχετε πρὸ τοῦ ὑμᾶς αἰτῆσαι αὐτόν. οὕτως οὖν προσεύχεσθε ὑμεῖς.» 19.2 πολλαχοῦ τοίνυν φαίνεται ὁ σωτὴρ ἡμῶν ἐνιστάμενος ὡς πρὸς ὀλέθριον πάθος τὴν φιλοδοξίαν· ὅπερ καὶ ἐνθάδε πεποίηκεν, ἀποτρέπων κατὰ τὸν καιρὸν τῆς εὐχῆς ὑποκριτῶν ἔργον ἐπιτελεῖν·