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for the last things, although he was righteous, again on account of that blessed one he said he would help: For I will defend, he says, this city for my own sake, and for the sake of David my servant. Just as in the case of those who show their own gratitude, God, because of his inherent goodness, revokes his own decrees, and accepts those who change, and frees them from the impending punishment; so again, when he promises either to provide some good things, or a time for repentance, but sees they have become unworthy, then again he revokes his promises. For it is not as grievous to sin as it is to persist in sins. For this reason God also deposits his benefits with us in advance, and again deems us worthy of pardon when we have sinned, and does not bring punishments upon us immediately, so that by all means he might draw us to repentance, both through the ways he shows kindness and through the ways he is long-suffering; and often also through those whom he punishes, he wishes to bring in others, so that, being brought to their senses by the fear of those, they might escape the experience of punishment. Have you sinned much? Stop, then, turn back the opposite way, give thanks to God that he did not snatch you away in the midst of your sins, and do not seek another extension of time to do evil; do not say, There will be a time 63.595 when it will be necessary to turn back; many have been snatched away in the midst of their greed, and have gone to manifest judgment; fear lest you too suffer this without a defense. But God has given many an extension of time to confess in extreme old age. What then, will he also give it to you? Perhaps he will give it, he says. What are you saying, Perhaps, and Sometimes and Often? Consider that you are deliberating about your soul, and also set down the opposite, and reckon and say: What if he does not give it? What if he does give it? he says. He himself has given it; however this is safer and more profitable than that. For if you begin now, you have gained everything, whether you receive or do not receive an extension of time; but if you always wait, for this very reason you often will not receive it. But when you go out to war, you do not say, It is not necessary to make a will, perhaps I will return; nor when deliberating about marriage do you say, I will take a poor wife, many contrary to expectation have become rich this way; nor when building a house, I will lay down unsound foundations, many houses have stood this way; but when deliberating about your soul, you attempt the more unsound things, putting forward the "perhaps" and "sometimes" and "often," and entrust yourself to uncertainties? Not to the uncertain, you say, but to the loving-kindness of God; for God is loving. I know this too; but this loving God, as I said, also snatched those people away. Do you wish to learn how our Master is good? The tax collector went up, full of ten thousand evils, and having said only, Be merciful to me, he went down justified. And through the prophet God says: For a short time I grieved him on account of sin; and I saw that he was grieved, and he went away sullen, and I healed his ways. What is equal to this loving-kindness? That he should only be sullen, he forgave the sins. But we do not even do this; for this reason we especially provoke him. For he who becomes merciful even for small things, when he does not even receive these, he is reasonably indignant, and demands the ultimate punishment from us; for this is a matter of exceeding contempt. Who then was ever grieved on account of sin? Who groaned? Who beat his breast? I think no one; but people mourn for ten thousand days over dead servants, over the loss of money, but while destroying our soul each day, we do not even take it to mind. How then will you be able to propitiate God, when you do not even know that you have sinned? Yes, he says, I have sinned. You say "yes" to me with your tongue; say it with your mind, and with the word, groan, so that you may be continually cheerful 63.596; for if we were pained over our sins, if we groaned over our trespasses, nothing else would have grieved us, as this pain thrusts aside all despondency. Just as for the sparrow caught in the snare, its wings are of no benefit, but it flutters randomly and in vain; so too for you, your thoughts are of no benefit, if you are completely caught by evil desire. For if we do not wish to be disgraced in one thing here, in

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ὑπὲρ τῶν ἐσχάτων, καίτοι γε ὄντι δικαίῳ, πάλιν διὰ τὸν μακάριον ἐκεῖνον ἔλεγε βοηθεῖν· Ὑπερασπιῶ γὰρ, φησὶ, τῆς πόλεως ταύτης δι' ἐμὲ, καὶ διὰ ∆αυῒδ τὸν παῖδά μου. Ὡσπεροῦν ἐπὶ τῶν τὴν οἰκείαν εὐγνωμοσύνην ἐπιδεικνυμένων, διὰ τὴν προσοῦσαν αὐτῷ ἀγαθότητα ἀνακαλεῖται τὰς παρ' αὐτοῦ ἀποφάσεις ὁ Θεὸς, καὶ μεταβαλλομένους προσίεται, καὶ τῆς ἐπικειμένης ἀπαλλάττει τιμωρίας· οὕτω πάλιν ἐπειδὰν ἐπαγγέλληται ἢ ἀγαθά τινα παρέξειν, ἢ προθεσμίαν μετανοίας, ἴδῃ δὲ ἀναξίους γεγονότας, καὶ τότε πάλιν ἀνακαλεῖται αὐτοῦ τὰς ὑποσχέσεις. Οὐ γὰρ οὕτως τὸ ἁμαρτάνειν χαλεπὸν, ὡς τὸ τοῖς ἁμαρτήμασιν ἐπιμένειν. ∆ιὰ τοῦτο καὶ προλαμβάνων τὰς εὐεργεσίας εἰς ἡμᾶς κατατίθεται ὁ Θεὸς, καὶ ἡμαρτηκότας πάλιν συγγνώμης ἀξιοῖ, καὶ τὰς τιμωρίας παρὰ πόδας οὐκ ἐπάγει, ἵνα διὰ πάντων πρὸς μετάνοιαν ἡμᾶς ἐφελκύσηται, καὶ δι' ὧν εὐεργετεῖ καὶ δι' ὧν μακροθυμεῖ· πολλάκις δὲ καὶ δι' ὧν ἐνίους κολάζει, ἑτέρους ἐνάγειν βούλεται, ἵνα τῷ ἐκείνων φόβῳ σωφρονισθέντες, τῆς τιμωρίας τὴν πεῖραν διαφύγωσι. Ἥμαρτες πολλά; στῆθι λοιπὸν, ὑπόστρεψον τὴν ἐναντίαν, ὁμολόγησον τῷ Θεῷ χάριν, ὅτι σε οὐκ ἐν μέσοις ἀνήρπασε τοῖς ἁμαρτήμασι, μὴ καὶ ἑτέραν ζήτει προθεσμίαν εἰς τὸ κακῶς ἐργάζεσθαι· μὴ λέγε, Ἔσται καιρὸς 63.595 ὅταν ἐπιστρέψαι δέῃ· πολλοὶ μεταξὺ πλεονεκτοῦντες ἀνηρπάγησαν, καὶ ἀπῆλθον ἐπὶ φανερὰν δίκην· φοβήθητι μὴ καὶ σὺ τοῦτο πάθῃς ἀναπολογήτως. Ἀλλὰ πολλοῖς ἔδωκε προθεσμίαν ὁ Θεὸς ἐξομολογήσασθαι ἐν ἐσχάτῳ γήρᾳ. Τί οὖν, καὶ σοὶ δώσει; Ἴσως δώσει, φησί. Τί λέγεις, Ἴσως, καὶ Ἐνίοτε καὶ Πολλάκις; ἐννόησον ὅτι περὶ ψυχῆς βουλεύῃ, καὶ τίθει καὶ τὸ ἐναντίον, καὶ λογίζου καὶ λέγε· Τί δαὶ, ἐὰν μὴ δῷ; Τί δαὶ, ἐὰν δῷ; φησίν. Ἔδωκε μὲν αὐτός· πλὴν τοῦτο ἐκείνου ἀσφαλέστερον καὶ κερδαλεώτερον. Ἐὰν μὲν γὰρ ἤδη ἄρξῃ, τὸ πᾶν ἐκέρδανας, ἄν τε λάβῃς, ἄν τε μὴ λάβῃς, προθεσμίαν· ἐὰν δὲ ἀεὶ μένῃς, δι' αὐτὸ τοῦτο πολλάκις οὐ λήψῃ. Σὺ δὲ ἐς μὲν πόλεμον ἐξιὼν, οὐ λέγεις, Οὐκ ἀνάγκη διαθέσθαι, ἴσως ἐπανήξω· οὐδὲ περὶ γάμου βουλευόμενος λέγεις, Λάβω γυναῖκα πενιχρὰν, πολλοὶ παρὰ δόξαν καὶ οὕτως ἐπλούτησαν· οὐδὲ οἰκίαν οἰκοδομούμενος, Καταβάλω θεμελίους σαθροὺς, πολλαὶ καὶ οὕτως ἔστησαν οἰκίαι· ὑπὲρ δὲ ψυχῆς βουλευόμενος, τοῖς σαθροτέροις ἐγχειρεῖς, τὸ ἴσως καὶ ἐνίοτε καὶ πολλάκις τιθεὶς, καὶ τοῖς ἀδήλοις ἐπιτρέπεις σαυτόν; Οὐ τῷ ἀδήλῳ, φῂς, ἀλλὰ τῇ τοῦ Θεοῦ φιλανθρωπίᾳ· φιλάνθρωπος γὰρ ὁ Θεός. Οἶδα κἀγώ· ἀλλ' ὁ φιλάνθρωπος οὗτος κἀκείνους, ὥσπερ εἶπον, ἀνήρπασε. Βούλει μαθεῖν πῶς ἐστιν ἡμῶν ἀγαθὸς ὁ ∆εσπότης; ἀνῆλθεν ὁ τελώνης μυρίων γέμων κακῶν, καὶ εἰπὼν, Ἱλάσθητί μοι, μόνον, κατῆλθε δεδικαιωμένος. Καὶ διὰ τοῦ προφήτου δέ φησιν ὁ Θεός· ∆ι' ἁμαρτίαν βραχύ τι ἐλύπησα αὐτόν· καὶ εἶδον ὅτι ἐλυπήθη, καὶ ἐπορεύθη στυγνὸς, καὶ ἰασάμην τὰς ὁδοὺς αὐτοῦ. Τί τῆς φιλανθρωπίας ταύτης ἴσον; Ἵνα στυγνάσῃ μόνον, ἀφῆκε τὰ ἁμαρτήματα. Ἡμεῖς δὲ οὐδὲ αὐτὸ τοῦτο ποιοῦμεν· διὸ μάλιστα αὐτὸν παροργίζομεν. Ὁ γὰρ καὶ διὰ μικρῶν ἵλεως γενόμενος, ὅταν μηδὲ τούτων τύχῃ, εἰκότως ἀγανακτεῖ, καὶ τὴν ἐσχάτην ἀπαιτεῖ τιμωρίαν ἡμᾶς· ὑπερβαλλούσης γάρ ἐστι τοῦτο καταφρονήσεως. Τίς γοῦν ἐλυπήθη ποτὲ δι' ἁμαρτίας; τίς ἐστέναξε; τίς τὸ στῆθος ἔπληξεν; Οὐδένα ἔγωγε οἶμαι· ἀλλὰ μυρίας μὲν ἡμέρας θρηνοῦσιν ἄνθρωποι, ὑπὲρ οἰκετῶν ἀποθανόντων, ὑπὲρ ζημίας χρημάτων, τὴν δὲ ψυχὴν ἀπολλύντες καθ' ἑκάστην ἡμέραν, οὐδὲ εἰς νοῦν βαλλόμεθα. Πῶς οὖν δυνήσῃ τὸν Θεὸν ἐξιλεώσασθαι, ὅταν μηδὲ ὅτι ἥμαρτες εἰδῇς; Ναὶ, φησὶν, ἥμαρτον. Ναί μοι λέγεις τῇ γλώττῃ· εἰπὲ τῇ διανοίᾳ, καὶ μετὰ τοῦ ῥήματος στέναξον, ἵνα διηνεκῶς εὐθυ 63.596 μῇς· καὶ γὰρ εἰ ἠλγοῦμεν ἐπὶ τοῖς ἁμαρτήμασιν, εἰ ἐστενάζομεν ἐπὶ τοῖς πλημμελήμασιν, οὐδὲν ἂν ἄλλο ἡμᾶς ἐλύπησεν, τῆς ὀδύνης ταύτης πᾶσαν ἀθυμίαν παρωθουμένης. Ὡσπεροῦν τῷ στρουθῷ τῶν πτερῶν ὄφελος οὐδὲν ὑπὸ τῆς παγίδος ἁλόντι, ἀλλ' εἰκῆ καὶ μάτην πτερύσσεται· οὕτω σοι καὶ τῶν λογισμῶν οὐδὲν ὄφελος, ἐὰν κατὰ κράτος ὑπὸ τῆς πονηρᾶς ἐπιθυμίας ἁλῷς. Εἰ γὰρ ἐπὶ ἑνὸς οὐ θέλομεν ἀσχημονῆσαι ἐνταῦθα, ἐπὶ