Homily XXII.

Acts X. 1–4

“There was a certain man in Cæsarea called Cornelius, a centurion of the band called the Italian band, a devout man, and one that feared God with all his house, which gave much alms to the people, and prayed to God alway. He saw in a vision evidently about the ninth hour of the day an angel of God coming in to him, and saying unto him, Cornelius. And when he looked on him, he was afraid, and said, What is it, Lord? And he said unto him, Thy prayers and thine alms are come up for a memorial before God.”

This man is not a Jew, nor of those under the Law, but he had already forestalled our manner of life.520 Observe, thus far, two persons, both of high rank, receiving the faith, the eunuch at Gaza and this man; and the pains taken on behalf of these men. But do not imagine that this was because of their high rank: God forbid! it was because of their piety. For that the Scripture mentions their dignified stations, is to show the greatness of their piety; since it is more wonderful when a person being in a position of wealth and power is such as these were. What makes the praise of the former is, his undertaking so long a journey, and this when there was no (festival) season to require it,521 and his reading on his road, and while riding in his chariot, and his beseeching Philip, and numberless other points: and the great praise of the latter is, that he makes alms and prayers, and is a just man, holding such a command. The reason why the writer describes the man so fully, is, that none may say that the Scripture history relates falsehoods: “Cornelius,” he says, “a centurion of the band called the Italian band.” (v. 1.) A “band,” σπεἵρα, is what we now call a “numerous.”522 “A devout man,” he says, “and one that feared God with all his house” (v. 2): that you may not imagine that it is because of his high station that these things are done.—When Paul was to be brought over, there is no angel, but the Lord Himself: and He does not send him to some great one, but to a very ordinary person:523 but here, on the contrary, He brings the chief Apostle (to these Gentiles), not sends them to him: herein condescending to their weakness, and knowing how such persons need to be treated. As indeed on many occasions we find Christ Himself hasting (to such), as being more infirm. Or (it may be) because (Cornelius) was not able himself to leave his home. But here again is a high commendation of alms, just as was there given by means of Tabitha. “A devout man,” it says, “and one that feared God with all his house.” Let us hear this, whoever of us neglect them of our own house, whereas this man was careful of his soldiers also. “And that gave alms,” it says, “to all the people.” Both his doctrines and his life were right. “He saw in a vision evidently, about the ninth hour of the day, an angel of God coming in to him, and saying unto him, Cornelius.” (v. 3.) Why does he see the angel? This also was in order to the full assurance of Peter, or rather, not of him, but of the others, the weaker ones. “At the ninth hour,” when he was released from his cares and was at quiet, when he was engaged in prayers and compunction. “And when he looked on him, he was afraid.” (v. 4.) Observe how what the angel speaks he does not speak immediately, but first rouses and elevates his mind. At the sight, there was fear, but a fear in moderation, just so far as served to fix his attention. Then also the words relieved him of his fear. The fear roused him: the praise mitigated what was unpleasant in the fear. “Thy prayers,” saith he, “and thine alms are come up for a memorial before God. And now send men to Joppa, and call for one Simon, whose surname is Peter.” (v. 5.) Lest they should come to a different person, he designates the man not only by his surname, but by the place. “And the same,” saith he, “is lodging with one Simon a tanner, who hath his house by the seaside.” (v. 6.) Do you mark how the Apostles, for love of solitude and quiet, affected the retired quarters of the cities? “With one Simon a tanner:” how then if it chanced that there was another? Behold, there is another token, his dwelling by the seaside. All three tokens could not possibly coincide (elsewhere). He does not tell him for what purpose, that he may not take off the intense desire, but he leaves him to an eager and longing expectation of what he shall hear. “And524 when the Angel which spake unto Cornelius was departed, he called two of his household servants, and a devout soldier of them that waited on him continually; and when he had declared all these things unto them, he sent them to Joppa.” (v. 7, 8.) Do you see, that it is not without purpose that the writer says this? (it shows) that those also “who waited on him continually” were such as he. “And when he had declared the whole matter unto them:” observe the unassuming character of the man: for he does not say, Call Peter to me: but, in order also to induce him to come, he declared the whole matter:—this was so ordered by Providence;—for he did not choose to use the authority of his rank to fetch Peter to him; therefore “he declared the matter;” such was the moderation of the man: and yet no great notion was to be formed of one lodging with a tanner. “And on the morrow, as they journeyed, and drew nigh to the city” (v. 9.)—observe how the Spirit connects the times: no sooner than this, and no later, He Causes this to take place—“Peter about the sixth hour went up upon the housetop to pray:” that is, privately and quietly, as in an upper chamber. “And he became very hungry, and would have eaten; but while they made ready, there fell upon him a trance.” (v. 10.) What means this expression,525ἔκστασις, “trance?” Rather, there was presented to him a kind of spiritual view (θεωρία): the soul, so to say, was caused to be out of the body (ἐξέστη). “And saw heaven opened, and, knit at the four corners, a certain vessel descending unto him, as it had been a great sheet, and let down to the earth: wherein were all manner of fourfooted beasts of the earth, and wild beasts, and creeping things, and fowls of the air. And there came a voice to him, Rise, Peter; kill, and eat. But Peter said, Not so, Lord; for I have never eaten anything that is common or unclean. And the voice spake unto him again the second time, What God hath cleansed, that call not thou common. This was done thrice: and the vessel was received up again into heaven.” (v. 11–16.) What is this? It is a symbol of the whole world. The526 man was uncircumcised: and —for he had nothing in common with the Jews—they would all accuse him as a transgressor: “thou wentest in to men uncircumcised, and didst eat with them: (ch. xi. 3)” this527 was a thing altogether offensive to them: observe then what is providentially managed. He himself also says, “I have never eaten:” not being himself afraid—far be the thought from us—but it is so contrived by the Spirit, in order that he may have it to say in answer to those accusing him, that he did object: for it was altogether necessary for them to observe the Law. He was in the act of being sent to the Gentiles: therefore that these also may not accuse him, see how many things are contrived (by the Providence of God). For, that it may not seem to be a mere fancy, “this was done thrice. I528 said,” saith he, “Not so, Lord, for I have never eaten aught common or unclean.—And the voice came unto him, What God hath cleansed, that call not thou common.” (ch. xi. 8, with x. 14.) It seems indeed to be spoken to him, but the whole is meant for the Jews. For if the teacher is rebuked, much more these.529 The earth then, this is what the linen sheet denotes, and the wild beasts in it, are they of the Gentiles, and the command, “Kill and eat,” denotes that he must go to them also; and that this thing is thrice done, denotes baptism. “What God hath cleansed,” saith it, “call not thou common.” Great daring! Wherefore530 did he object? That none may say that God was proving him, as in the case of Abraham, this is why he says, “Not so, Lord,” etc. not gainsaying—just as to Philip also He said, “How many loaves have ye?” Not to learn, but tempting, or “proving him.”531 And yet it was the same (Lord) that had discoursed above (in the Law) concerning things clean and unclean. But in that sheet were also “all the four-footed beasts of the earth:” the clean with the unclean. And532 for all this, he knew not what it meant. “Now while Peter doubted in himself what this vision which he had seen should mean, behold, the men which were sent from Cornelius had made enquiry for Simon’s house, and stood before the gate, and called, and asked whether Simon, which was surnamed Peter, were lodged there. But while Peter,” it says, “doubted in himself” (v. 17, 18), the men come at the right moment to solve his doubt: just as (the Lord) suffered Joseph first to be perturbed in mind, and then sends the Angel: for the soul with ease accepts the solution, when it has first been in perplexity. His perplexity neither lasts long (when it did occur), nor (did it occur) before this, but just at the moment when they “asked whether he were lodging there. While Peter thought on the vision, the Spirit said unto him, Behold, three men seek thee. Arise therefore, and get thee down, and go with them, doubting nothing: for I have sent them.” (supra, p. 142, and 145, note 7; v. 19, 20.) And this again is a plea for Peter in answer to the disciples, that he did doubt, and was instructed to doubt nothing. “For I,” saith He, “have sent them.” Great is the authority of the Spirit! What God doth, this the Spirit is said to do. Not so the Angel, but having first said, “Thy prayers and thine alms have ascended, for a memorial before God,” to show that he is sent from thence, then he adds, “And now send men,” etc.: the Spirit not so, but, “For I have sent them. Then Peter went down to the men which were sent unto him from Cornelius; and said, Behold, I am he whom ye seek: what is the cause wherefore ye are come? And they said, Cornelius the centurion, a just man, and one that feareth God and of good report among all the nation of the Jews, was warned from God by an holy angel to send for thee into his house, and to hear words of thee.” (v. 21, 22.) They speak his praises, so as to persuade him that an Angel has in fact appeared unto him. “Then called he them in,”533(b) that they may suffer no harm, “and lodged them:” thenceforth he without scruple takes his meals with them. “And on the morrow Peter went away with them, and certain brethren from Cæsarea accompanied him. And the morrow after, they entered into Cæsarea.” (v. 23, 24.) The man was a person of note, and it was in a city of note that he then was.

(a) But let us look over again what has been said. “There was a certain man in Cæsarea,” etc. (Recapitulation, v. 1, 2.) Observe with whom the beginning of the Gentiles is made—with “a devout man,” and one proved to be worthy by his works. For if, though the case be so, they are still offended, if this had not been the case, what would not have been the consequence! But534 mark the greatness of the assurance. (c) To this end535 all is done (in the way it is done), and the affair takes its beginning from Judea. (d) “He saw in a vision, evidently,” etc. (v. 3). It was not in his sleep that the Angel appeared to him, but while he was awake, in the daytime, “about the ninth hour. He536 saw an Angel of God coming in unto him, and saying unto him, Cornelius. And when he looked on him, he was afraid.” So occupied was he with himself. Implying, that it was in consequence of the Angel’s calling him by a voice that he saw him; as, had he not called him, he would not have seen him: so taken up was he with the act in which he was engaged.537 But the Angel says to him, “Thy prayers and thine alms are come up for a memorial before God, and now send men to Joppa, and call for one Simon, who is called Peter.” (v. 5.) So far, he signified that the sending for him would be for good consequences, but in what way good, he did not intimate.538 So, neither does Peter relate the whole matter, but everywhere, the narratives are in part only, for the purpose of making the hearers apply their minds to what is said. “Send and call for Simon:” in like manner the Angel only calls Philip. “And539 as they went on their journey, and drew nigh to the city” (v. 9): in order that Peter should not be in perplexity too long. “Peter went up upon the housetop,” etc. Observe, that not even his hunger forced him to have recourse to the sheet. “Rise, Peter,” saith the Voice, “kill and eat.” (v. 13.) Probably he was on his knees when he saw the vision.—To me540 it seems that this also denotes the Gospel (or, “the Preaching”). That the thing taking place was of God (the circumstances made evident, namely), both that he sees it (descending) from above, and that he is in a trance; and, that the voice comes from thence, and the thrice confessing that the creatures there were unclean, and its coming from thence, and being drawn back thither (all this), is a mighty token of the cleanness (imparted to them).—But why is this done? For541 the sake of those thereafter, to whom he is about to relate it. For to himself it had been said, “Go not into the way of the Gentiles.” (Matt. x. 5.) * * For if Paul needed both (to give) circumcision, and (to offer) sacrifice, much more (was some assurance needed) then, in the beginning of the Preaching, while they were as yet weaker. (Acts xvi. 3; xxi. 16.)—Observe542 too how he did not at once receive them. For, it says, they “called, and asked, whether Simon, which was surnamed Peter, were lodging there.” (v. 18.) As it was a mean looking house, they asked below, they inquired543 of the neighbors. “And while Peter thought, the Spirit said unto him, Arise, get thee down, and go, nothing doubting, for I have sent them.” (v. 19, 20.) And he does not say, For to this end did the vision appear unto thee; but, “I have sent them. Then Peter went down” (v. 21)—this is the way the Spirit must be obeyed, without demanding reasons. For it is sufficient for all assurance to be told by Him, This do, this believe: nothing more (is needed)—“Then Peter went down, and said, Behold, I am he whom ye seek:544 what is the cause wherefore ye are come?” He saw a soldier, saw a man:545 it was not that he was afraid, on the contrary, having first confessed that he was the person whom they sought, then he asks for the cause (of their coming); that it may not be supposed that the reason of his asking the cause, was, that he wished to hide himself: (he asks it) in order, that if it be immediately urgent, he may also go forth with them, but if not, may receive them as guests. “And546 they said, etc. into his house.” (v. 22.) This he had ordered them. Do not think he has done this out of contempt: not as of contempt has he sent, but so he was ordered. “And Cornelius was waiting for them, and had called together his kinsmen and near friends.” (v. 24.) It was right that his kinsmen and friends should be gathered to him. But being there present,547 they would have heard from him (what had happened).

See how great the virtue of alms, both in the former discourse, and here! There, it delivered from death temporal; here, from death eternal; and opened the gates of heaven. Such are the pains taken for the bringing of Cornelius to the faith, that both an angel is sent, and the Spirit works, and the chief of the Apostles is fetched to him, and such a vision is shown, and, in short, nothing is left undone. How many centurions were there not besides, and tribunes, and kings, and none of them obtained what this man did! Hear, all ye that are in military commands, all ye that stand beside kings. “A just man,” it says, “fearing God; devout” (v. 2, and 22); and what is more548 than all, with all his house. Not as we (who): that our servants may be afraid of us, do everything. but not that they may be devout. And549 over the domestics too, so * *. Not so this man; but he was “one that feared God with all his house” (v. 2), for he was as the common father of those with him, and of all the others (under his command.) But observe what (the soldier) says himself. For, fearing * *, he adds this also: “well reported of by all the nation.” For what if he was uncircumcised? Nay, but those give him a good report. Nothing like alms: great is the virtue of this practice, when the alms is poured forth from pure stores; for it is like a fountain discharging mud, when it issues from unjust stores, but when from just gains, it is as a limpid and pure stream in a paradise, sweet to the sight, sweet to the touch, both light and cool, when given in the noon-day heat. Such is alms. Beside this fountain, not poplars and pines, nor cypresses, but other plants than these, and far better, of goodly stature: friendship with God, praise with men, glory to Godward, good-will from all; blotting out of sins, great boldness, contempt of wealth. This is the fountain by which the plant of love is nourished: for nothing is so wont to nourish love, as the being merciful: it makes its branches to lift themselves on high. This fountain is better than that in Paradise (Gen. ii. 10); a fountain, not dividing into four heads, but reaching unto Heaven itself: this gives birth to that river “which springeth up into eternal life” (John iv. 14): on this let Death light, and like a spark it is extinguished by the fountain: such, wherever it drops, are the mighty blessings it causes. This quenches, even as a spark, the river of fire: this so strangles that worm, as naught else can do. (Mark ix. 44.) He that has this, shall not gnash his teeth. Of the water of this, let there be dropped upon the chains, and it dissolves them: let it but touch the firebrands,550 it quenches all.—A fountain does not give out streams for a while and anon run dry,—else must it be no more a fountain,—but ever gushes: so let our fountain give out more copiously of the streams of mercy (in alms). This cheers him that receives: this is alms, to give out not only a copious, but a perennial, stream. If thou wouldest that God rain down His mercy upon thee as from fountains, have thou also a fountain. And551 yet there is no comparison (between God’s fountain and thine): for if thou open the mouths of this fountain, such are the mouths of God’s Fountain as to surpass every abyss. God does but seek to get an opportunity on our part, and pours forth from His storehouses His blessings. When He expends, when He lavishes, then is He rich, then is He affluent. Large is the mouth of that fountain: pure and limpid its water. If thou stop not up the fountain here, neither wilt thou stop up that fountain.—Let no unfruitful tree stand beside it, that it may not waste its spray. Hast thou wealth? Plant not poplars there: for such is luxury: it consumes much, and shows nothing for it in itself, but spoils the fruit. Plant not a pine-tree—such is wantonness in apparel, beautiful only to the sight, and useful for nothing—nor yet a fir-tree, nor any other of such trees as consume indeed, but are in no sort useful. Set it thick with young shoots: plant all that is fruitful, in the hands of the poor, all that thou wilt. Nothing richer than this ground. Though small the reach of the hand, yet the tree it plants starts up to heaven and stands firm. This it is to plant. For that which is planted on the earth will perish, though not now, at any rate a hundred years hence. Thou plantest many trees, of which thou shalt not enjoy the fruit, but ere thou canst enjoy it, death comes upon thee. This tree will give thee its fruit then, when thou art dead.—If thou plant, plant not in the maw of gluttony, that the fruit end not in the draught-house: but plant thou in the pinched belly, that the fruit may start up to heaven. Refresh the straightened soul of the poor, lest thou pinch thine own roomy soul.—See you not, that the plants which are over-much watered at the root decay, but grow when watered in moderation? Thus also drench not thou thine own belly, that the root of the tree decay not: water that which is thirsty, that it may bear fruit. If thou water in moderation, the sun will not wither them, but if in excess, then it withers them: such is the nature of the sun. In all things, excess is bad; wherefore let us cut it off, that we also may obtain the things we ask for.—Fountains, it is said, rise on the most elevated spots. Let us be elevated in soul, and our alms will flow with a rapid stream: the elevated soul cannot but be merciful, and the merciful cannot but be elevated. For he that despises wealth, is higher than the root of evils.—Fountains are oftenest found in solitary places: let us withdraw our soul from the crowd, and alms will gush out with us. Fountains, the more they are cleaned, the more copiously they flow: so with us, the more we spend, the more all good grows.—He that has a fountain, has nothing to fear: then neither let us be afraid. For indeed this fountain is serviceable to us for drink, for irrigation, for building, for everything. Nothing better than this draught: it is not possible for this to inebriate. Better to possess such a fountain, than to have fountains running with gold. Better than all gold-bearing soil is the soul which bears this gold. For it advances us, not into these earthly palaces, but into those above. The gold becomes an ornament to the Church of God. Of this gold is wrought “the sword of the Spirit” (Eph. vi. 17), the sword by which the dragon is beheaded. From this fountain come the precious stones which are on the King’s head. Then let us not neglect so great wealth, but contribute our alms with largeness, that we may be found worthy of the mercy of God, by the grace and tender compassion of His only begotten Son, with Whom to the Father and Holy Ghost together be glory, dominion, honor, now and ever, world without end. Amen.

ΟΜΙΛΙΑ ΚΒʹ. Ἀνὴρ δέ τις ἐν Καισαρείᾳ, ὀνόματι Κορνήλιος, ἑκα τοντάρχης, ἐκ σπείρας τῆς καλουμένης Ἰταλικῆς, εὐσεβὴς καὶ φοβούμενος τὸν Θεὸν σὺν παντὶ τῷ οἴκῳ αὐτοῦ, ποιῶν ἐλεημοσύνας πολλὰς τῷ λαῷ, καὶ δεόμενος τοῦ Θεοῦ διὰ παντὸς, εἶδεν ἐν ὁρά ματι φανερῶς, ὡσεὶ ὥρᾳ ἐνάτῃ τῆς ἡμέρας, ἄγγελον Θεοῦ εἰσελθόντα πρὸς αὐτὸν, καὶ εἰπόντα αὐτῷ: Κορνήλιε. Ὁ δὲ ἀτενίσας αὐτῷ, καὶ ἔμφοβος γενό μενος, εἶπε: Τί ἐστι, Κύριε; Εἶπε δὲ αὐτῷ: Αἱ προσευχαί σου καὶ αἱ ἐλεημοσύναι σου ἀνέβησαν εἰς μνημόσυνον ἐνώπιον τοῦ Θεοῦ. αʹ. Οὗτος οὐκ ἔστιν Ἰουδαῖος, οὐδὲ ζῶν κατὰ τὸν νόμον, ἀλλ' ἤδη προειλήφει τὴν ἡμετέραν πολιτείαν. Καὶ ὅρα δύο πιστεύοντας τέως, τόν τε εὐνοῦχον τὸν ἀπὸ τῆς Γάζης, καὶ τοῦτον, ἐν ἀξιώμασιν ὄντας ἀμφοτέρους καὶ πολλὴν ὑπὲρ τούτων γινομένην σπουδήν. Ἀλλὰ μὴ νομίσῃς, ὅτι διὰ τὰ ἀξιώματα. Οὐ διὰ ταῦτα, μὴ γένοιτο: ἀλλὰ διὰ τὴν εὐλάβειαν. Διὰ γοῦν τοῦτο καὶ τὰ ἀξιώματα τέθειται, ἵνα μείζων ἡ εὐλάβεια δειχθῇ. Θαυμαστότερον καὶ γὰρ ὅταν ἐν πλούτῳ καὶ δυναστείᾳ τις ὢν, τοιοῦτος ᾖ. Ἀλλὰ μέγα ἐκείνου ἐγκώμιον τὸ τοσαύτην ἀποδημίαν στέλλεσθαι, καὶ τὸ, μηδὲ καιροῦ τοιούτου ὄντος, ἐν ὁδῷ ἀναγινώσκειν, καὶ τὸ ἐπὶ ὀχήματος φερόμενον τὸν Φίλιππον παρακαλεῖν, καὶ μυρία ἕτερα: μέγα καὶ τούτου, τὸ ἐλεημοσύνας ποιεῖν καὶ εὐχὰς, καὶ εὐσεβῆ εἶναι ἐν ἀρχῇ τοιαύτῃ. Διὸ καὶ ἀπὸ ταύτης τὸν ἄνδρα ποιεῖ γνώριμον: εἰκότως, ἵνα μή τις εἴπῃ, ὅτι ψεύδεται τῶν Γραφῶν ἡ ἱστορία. Ἐκ σπείρας, φησὶ, τῆς καλουμένης Ἰταλικῆς. Σπεῖρά ἐστιν, ὃ καλοῦμεν νυνὶ νούμερον. Εὐσεβὴς καὶ φοβούμενος τὸν Θεὸν σὺν παντὶ τῷ οἴκῳ αὐτοῦ. Ταῦτα λέγει, ἵνα μὴ νομίσῃς, ὅτι διὰ τὸ ἀξίωμα τὰ κατ' αὐτὸν οὕτως οἰκονομεῖται. Ὅτε οὖν Παῦλον προσαχθῆναι ἔδει, οὐδαμοῦ ἄγγελος, ἀλλ' αὐτὸς ὁ Κύριος φαίνεται: οὐδὲ πέμπει αὐτὸν πρὸς ἕνα τινὰ τῶν δώδεκα, ἀλλὰ πρὸς Ἀνανίαν. Ἐνταῦθα δὲ τοὐναντίον, τὸν κορυφαῖον ἄγει, ὡς Φίλιππον πρὸς τὸν εὐνοῦχον, συγκαταβαίνων αὐτῶν τῇ ἀσθενείᾳ, καὶ διδάσκων, πῶς κεχρῆσθαι δεῖ τοῖς τοιούτοις: ἐπεὶ καὶ ὁ Χριστὸς αὐτὸς ἀπιὼν φαίνεται πολλάκις πρὸς τοὺς κακῶς πάσχοντας, καὶ δι' ἑαυτῶν προσιέναι μὴ δυναμένους. Θέα δέ μοι κἀνταῦθα πάλιν ἐλεημοσύνης ἄλλο ἐγκώμιον, ὥσπερ ἐκεῖ διὰ τῆς Ταβηθᾶς. Ἀνὴρ, φησὶν, εὐσεβὴς καὶ φοβούμενος τὸν Θεὸν σὺν παντὶ τῷ οἴκῳ αὐτοῦ. Ἀκούσωμεν, ὅσοι τῶν οἰκείων ἀμελοῦμεν. Οὗτος δὲ καὶ στρατιωτῶν ἐπεμελεῖτο, ποιῶν τε ἐλεημοσύνας παντὶ τῷ λαῷ. Οὕτω καὶ τὰ δόγματα καὶ ὁ βίος αὐτῷ διώρθωτο. Εἶδεν ἐν ὁράματι φανερῶς, ὡσεὶ ὥρᾳ ἐνάτῃ τῆς ἡμέρας, ἄγγελον Θεοῦ εἰσελθόντα πρὸς αὐτὸν, καὶ εἰπόντα αὐτῷ: Κορνήλιε. Διὰ τί βλέπει τὸν ἄγγελον; Καὶ τοῦτο εἰς πληροφορίαν Πέτρου: μᾶλλον δὲ οὐκ ἐκείνου, ἀλλὰ τῶν ἄλλων τῶν ἀσθενεστέρων. Ἐνάτῃ δὲ ὥρᾳ, ὅτε φροντίδων ἠφίετο, καὶ ἐν ἡσυχίᾳ ἦν, ὅτε ἐν εὐχαῖς καὶ ἐν κατανύξει. Ἀτενίσας δὲ αὐτῷ καὶ ἔμφοβος γενόμενος, εἶπεν. Ὅρα τὸν ἄγγελον οὐκ εὐθέως λέγοντα, ἃ λέγει, ἀλλὰ πρότερον λύοντα τὸν φόβον, καὶ τὴν διάνοιαν αὐτοῦ μετεωρίζοντα. Καὶ γὰρ ἀπὸ τῆς ὄψεως φόβος ἐγένετο: ἀλλὰ φόβος σύμμετρος, ὅσον ἐπιστρέψαι μόνον. Εἶτα τὰ ῥήματα τὸν φόβον ἔλυσε: μᾶλλον δὲ ὁ δι' αὐτῶν ἔπαινος τὸ τοῦ φόβου τραχὺ κατελέανεν. Ἄκουε δὲ καὶ οἷα τὰ ῥήματα: Αἱ εὐχαί σου καὶ αἱ ἐλεημοσύναι σου ἀνέβησαν εἰς μνημόσυνον ἐνώπιον τοῦ Θεοῦ. Νῦν οὖν πέμψον εἰς Ἰόππην ἄνδρας, καὶ μετακάλεσαι Σίμωνα, ὃς ἐπικαλεῖται Πέτρος. Ἵνα μὴ ἐπ' ἄλλον ἔλθωσιν, οὐκ ἀπὸ τοῦ ἐπωνύμου μόνον, ἀλλὰ καὶ ἀπὸ τοῦ τόπου δηλοῖ τὸν ἄνδρα. Καὶ αὐτός ἐστι ξενιζόμενος πρὸς Σίμωνά τινα βυρσέα, ᾧ ἐστιν οἰκία παρὰ θάλασσαν. Εἶδες, πῶς τὰ ἀνακεχωρημένα τῶν πόλεων ἐδίωκον οἱ ἀπόστολοι, ἐρημίας ὄντες φίλοι καὶ ἡσυχίας; Τί οὖν, εἰ συνέβη καὶ ἄλλον εἶναι Σίμωνα καὶ βυρσέα; Ἀλλ' εἶχε καὶ ἄλλο σημεῖον, τὸ παρὰ θάλασσαν οἰκεῖν. Τὰ τρία οὐκ ἦν δυνατὸν συμπεσεῖν. Καὶ οὐκ εἶπε, διὰ τί, ἵνα μὴ ἐκλύσῃ αὐτόν: ἀλλὰ ἀφῆκεν, ὥστε ἐν ἐπιθυμίᾳ καὶ πόθῳ τῆς ἀκροάσεως γενέσθαι. Ὡς δὲ ἀπῆλθεν ὁ ἄγγελος ὁ λαλῶν τῷ Κορνηλίῳ, φωνήσας δύο τῶν οἰκετῶν αὐτοῦ, καὶ στρατιώτην εὐσεβῆ τῶν προσκαρτερούντων αὐτῷ, καὶ ἐξηγησάμενος αὐτοῖς πάντα, ἀπέστειλεν αὐτοὺς εἰς τὴν Ἰόππην. Ὁρᾷς, ὅτι οὐχ ἁπλῶς ταῦτα λέγει, ἀλλ' ὅτι καὶ οἱ προσκαρτεροῦντες αὐτῷ τοιοῦτοι ἦσαν, ἵνα δείξῃ; Καὶ ἐξηγησάμενος αὐτοῖς πάντα, φησίν. Ὅρα τὸ ἄτυφον. Οὐκ εἶπε: Καλέσατέ μοι Πέτρον: ἀλλ' ὥστε καὶ πεῖσαι, ἐξηγήσατο ἅπαντα: οὕτως οἰκονομίας ἦν. Οὐ γὰρ ἠξίου ἀπὸ τοῦ ἀξιώματος αὐτὸν μεταπέμψασθαι: διὰ τοῦτο ἐξηγεῖται λοιπόν. Τοσοῦτον ἦν μέτριος ὁ ἀνήρ: καίτοι οὐδὲν μέγα ἦν φαντασθῆναι περὶ ἀνδρὸς καταγομένου παρὰ βυρσεῖ. Τῇ δὲ ἐπαύριον ὁδοιπορούντων ἐκείνων καὶ τῇ πόλει ἐγγιζόντων, ἀνέβη Πέτρος ἐπὶ τὸ δῶμα προσεύξασθαι περὶ ὥραν ἕκτην. Ὅρα, πῶς τοὺς καιροὺς συνάγει τὸ Πνεῦμα, καὶ οὔτε θᾶττον, οὔτε βραδύτερον ποιεῖ τοῦτο γενέσθαι. Ἀνέβη, φησὶν, ὁ Πέτρος ἐπὶ τὸ δῶμα προσεύξασθαι περὶ ὥραν ἕκτην: τουτέστι, κατ' ἰδίαν, καὶ ἐν ἡσυχίᾳ, ὡς ἂν ἐν ὑπερῴῳ. Ἐγένετο δὲ πρόσπεινος, καὶ ἤθελε γεύσασθαι. Παρασκευαζόντων δὲ ἐκείνων, ἐπέπεσεν ἐπ' αὐτὸν ἔκστασις, καὶ θεωρεῖ τὸν οὐρανὸν ἀνεῳγμένον. Τί ἐστιν ἔκστασις; Πνευματικὴ, φησὶ, θεωρία γέγονεν αὐτῷ: τοῦ σώματος, ὡς ἂν εἴποι τις, ἐξέστη ἡ ψυχή. Καὶ θεωρεῖ τὸν οὐρανὸν ἀνεῳγμένον, καὶ καταβαῖνον ἐπ' αὐτὸν σκεῦός τι ὡς ὀθόνην μεγάλην, τέσσαρσιν ἀρχαῖς δεδεμένον καὶ καθιέμενον ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς, ἐν ᾧ ὑπῆρχε πάντα τὰ τετράποδα τῆς γῆς, καὶ τὰ θηρία καὶ τὰ ἑρπετὰ, καὶ τὰ πετεινὰ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ. Καὶ ἐγένετο φωνὴ πρὸς αὐτόν: Ἀναστὰς, Πέτρε, θῦσον καὶ φάγε. Ὁ δὲ Πέτρος εἶπεν: Μηδαμῶς, Κύριε, ὅτι οὐδέποτε ἔφαγον πᾶν κοινὸν ἢ ἀκάθαρτον. Καὶ φωνὴ πάλιν ἐκ δευτέρου πρὸς αὐτόν: Ἃ ὁ Θεὸς ἐκαθάρισε, σὺ μὴ κοίνου. Τοῦτο δὲ ἐγένετο ἐπὶ τρίς: καὶ πάλιν ἀνελήφθη τὸ σκεῦος εἰς τὸν οὐρανόν. βʹ. Τί ποτε τοῦτό ἐστι; Σύμβολον τῆς οἰκουμένης ἁπάσης τὸ πρᾶγμα γίνεται. Ὁ ἄνθρωπος ἀκρόβυστος ἦν, καὶ οὐδὲν κοινὸν εἶχε πρὸς Ἰουδαίους. Ἐπεὶ οὖν ἔμελλον αὐτοῦ κατηγορεῖν ἅπαντες ὡς παραβάτου, καὶ τοῦτο πάνυ αὐτοῖς προσίστατο, ἀναγκαίως οἰκονομεῖται εἰπεῖν, Οὐδέποτε ἔφαγον: οὐχὶ αὐτὸς δεδοικὼς, μὴ γένοιτο, ἀλλ' ὑπὸ τοῦ Πνεύματος, ὡς ἔφην, οἰκονομούμενος, ἵν' ἔχῃ ἀπολογίαν πρὸς τοὺς ἐγκαλοῦντας, ὅτι καὶ ἀντεῖπεν: πάνυ γὰρ αὐτοῖς ἔμελε τοῦ τὸν νόμον φυλάττεσθαι. Εἰς ἔθνη ἐπέμπετο. Ἵνα οὖν μὴ καὶ οὗτοι αὐτοῦ κατηγορῶσιν, ὡς ἔφθην εἰπὼν, ταῦτα οἰκονομεῖται: ἢ καὶ ἵνα μὴ δόξῃ φαντασία τις εἶναι, εἶπε, Μηδαμῶς, Κύριε, ὅτι οὐδέποτε ἔφαγον κοινὸν ἢ ἀκάθαρτον. Ἐγένετο δὲ φωνὴ πρὸς αὐτόν: Ἃ ὁ Θεὸς ἐκαθάρισε, σὺ μὴ κοίνου. Τοῦτο δοκεῖ μὲν πρὸς αὐτὸν λέγεσθαι: τὸ δὲ πᾶν πρὸς Ἰουδαίους λέγεται. Εἰ γὰρ ὁ διδάσκαλος ἐπιτιμᾶται, πολλῷ μᾶλλον οὗτοι. Ἡ οὖν σινδὼν, τοῦτό ἐστιν ἡ γῆ: τὰ δὲ ἐν αὐτῇ θηρία, οἱ ἐξ ἐθνῶν: τὸ δὲ, Θῦσον καὶ φάγε, ὅτι κἀκείνοις δεῖ προσιέναι: τὸ δὲ τρίτον τοῦτο γενέσθαι, τὸ βάπτισμα δηλοῖ. Μηδαμῶς, Κύριε, οὐδέποτε ἔφαγον κοινὸν ἢ ἀκάθαρτον. Καὶ διὰ τί, φησὶν, ἀντεῖπεν; Ἵνα μή τις εἴπῃ, ὅτι ἐπείραζεν ὁ Θεὸς αὐτὸν, ὥσπερ ἐπὶ τοῦ Ἀβραὰμ, ὅτε ἐκελεύετο τὸν υἱὸν θυσίαν ἀνενεγκεῖν: ὡς ἐπὶ τοῦ Φιλίππου, ὅτε, Πόσους ἄρτους ἔχετε; ὑπὸ τοῦ Χριστοῦ ἠρωτήθη: οὐχ ἵνα μάθῃ, ἀλλὰ πειράζων αὐτόν. Καὶ μὴν ἐν τῷ νόμῳ περὶ καθαρῶν καὶ ἀκαθάρτων διεστείλατο Μωϋσῆς τῶν τε ἐν γῇ τῶν τε ἐν θαλάσσῃ: καὶ ὅμως οὐδὲ οὕτως ᾔδει. Ὡς δὲ ἐν ἑαυτῷ διηπόρει ὁ Πέτρος, τί ἂν εἴη τὸ ὅραμα, ὃ εἶδε, καὶ ἰδοὺ οἱ ἄνδρες οἱ ἀπεσταλμένοι ἀπὸ τοῦ Κορνηλίου, διερωτήσαντες τὴν οἰκίαν τοῦ Σίμωνος, ἐπέστησαν ἐπὶ τὸν πυλῶνα, καὶ φωνήσαντες, ἐπυνθάνοντο, εἰ Σίμων ὁ ἐπικαλούμενος Πέτρος ἐνθάδε ξενίζεται. Θαμβουμένῳ καθ' ἑαυτὸν καὶ διαποροῦντι τῷ Πέτρῳ, ἔρχονται οἱ ἄνδρες εὐκαίρως τὴν ἀπορίαν λύοντες: ἐπεὶ καὶ τὸν Ἰωσὴφ πρότερον εἴασε θορυβηθῆναι, καὶ τότε τὸν ἀρχάγγελον πέμπει. Εὐκόλως γὰρ ἡ ψυχὴ δέχεται τὴν λύσιν, πρότερον ἐν ἀπορίᾳ γενομένη. Οὔτε οὖν ἐπὶ πολὺ γίνεται αὐτῷ τὰ τῆς ἀπορίας, οὔτε πρὸ τούτου, ἀλλὰ περὶ τὸν καιρὸν τοῦ ἀρίστου. Τοῦ δὲ Πέτρου διενθυμουμένου περὶ τοῦ ὁράματος, εἶπεν αὐτῷ τὸ Πνεῦμα: Ἰδοὺ ἄνδρες ζητοῦσί σε. Ἀλλὰ ἀναστὰς, κατάβηθι καὶ πορεύου σὺν αὐτοῖς, μηδὲν διακρινόμενος, διότι ἐγὼ ἀπέσταλκα αὐτούς. Καὶ πάλιν τοῦτο ἀπολογία Πέτρου πρὸς τοὺς μαθητὰς, ἵνα μάθωσιν, ὅτι καὶ διεκρίθη, καὶ ἐπαιδεύθη μηδὲν διακρίνεσθαι. Ὅτι ἐγὼ, φησὶν, αὐτοὺς ἀπέσταλκα. Ὅρα ὅση τοῦ Πνεύματος ἡ ἐξουσία. Ὃ δὲ ποιεῖ ὁ Θεὸς, τοῦτο λέγεται τὸ Πνεῦμα ποιεῖν. Ὁ μὲν οὖν ἄγγελος οὐχ οὕτως: ἀλλὰ πρῶτον εἰπὼν, Αἱ εὐχαί σου καὶ αἱ ἐλεημοσύναι σου, τότε φησὶν, Ἀπόστειλον, ἵνα δείξῃ, ὅτι ἐκεῖθεν ἀπέσταλται: τὸ δὲ Πνεῦμα, ἐπεὶ Κύριον, Ἐγὼ αὐτοὺς ἀπέσταλκα. Καταβὰς δὲ ὁ Πέτρος πρὸς τοὺς ἄνδρας, εἶπεν: Ἰδοὺ ἐγώ εἰμι, ὃν ζητεῖτε. Τίς ἡ αἰτία δι' ἣν πάρεστε; Οἱ δὲ εἶπον: Κορνήλιος ὁ ἑκατοντάρχης, ἀνὴρ δίκαιος καὶ φοβούμενος τὸν Θεὸν, μαρτυρούμενός τε ὑπὸ ὅλου τοῦ ἔθνους τῶν Ἰουδαίων, ἐχρηματίσθη ὑπὸ ἀγγέλου ἁγίου μεταπέμψασθαί σε εἰς τὸν οἶκον αὐτοῦ, καὶ ἀκοῦσαι ῥήματα παρὰ σοῦ. Λέγουσι τὰ ἐγκώμια, ὥστε πεῖσαι, ὅτι καὶ ἄγγελος ὤφθη αὐτῷ. Εἰσκαλεσάμενος οὖν αὐτοὺς ἐξένισεν. Ὁρᾷς, πόθεν ἡ ἀρχὴ γίνεται τῶν ἐθνῶν; Ἀπὸ ἀνδρὸς εὐσεβοῦς, ἀξίου φανέντος ἀπὸ τῶν ἔργων. Εἰ γὰρ καὶ τοῦτο γέγονε, καὶ ὅμως σκανδαλίζονται, εἰ μὴ τοῦτο ἦν, τί οὐκ ἂν εἶπον Ἰουδαῖοι; Εἰσκαλεσάμενος οὖν, φησὶν, αὐτοὺς ἐξένισε. Θέα πόση ἀσφάλεια. Ὥστε μηδὲν αὐτοὺς παθεῖν δεινὸν, εἰσκαλεῖται, καὶ μετὰ παῤῥησίας λοιπὸν συνδιαιτᾶται. Τῇ δὲ ἐπαύριον ἀναστὰς ὁ Πέτρος, ἐξῆλθε σὺν αὐτοῖς, καί τινες τῶν ἀδελφῶν τῶν ἀπὸ Ἰόππης συνῆλθον αὐτῷ, καὶ τῇ ἐπαύριον εἰσῆλθον εἰς τὴν Καισάρειαν. Ἐπίσημος ἦν ὁ ἀνὴρ, ὡς ἐν ἐπισήμῳ πόλει τυγχάνων. Διὸ καὶ ἐπ' αὐτῷ πάντα ὁμοῦ οἰκονομεῖται, καὶ ἀπὸ τῆς Ἰουδαίας ἀρχὴν λαμβάνει τὸ πρᾶγμα: οἷον τὸ μὴ ὑπνοῦντι ὀφθῆναι, ἀλλ' ἐγρηγορότι, τὸ ἐν ἡμέρᾳ: περὶ ἐνάτην γὰρ ὥραν: οὕτως ἑαυτῷ προσεῖχεν. Ἀλλ' ἴδωμεν ἄνωθεν τὰ εἰρημένα. Καὶ εἶπεν ὁ ἄγγελος: Αἱ εὐχαί σου καὶ αἱ ἐλεημοσύναι σου ἀνέβησαν εἰς μνημόσυνον ἐνώπιον τοῦ Θεοῦ. Ἐντεῦθεν δῆλον, ὅτι διὰ φωνῆς ἐκάλεσεν ὁ ἄγγελος, καὶ οὕτως εἶδεν αὐτόν: ὡς εἰ μὴ ἐκάλεσεν, οὐδ' ἂν εἶδεν: οὕτω συντεταμένος ἦν ἀπὸ τοῦ πράγματος, ἐν ᾧ ἦν. Καὶ μετάπεμψαι Σίμωνα τὸν ἐπικαλούμενον Πέτρον. Τέως, ὅτι ἐπὶ χρηστοῖς αὐτὸν μετακαλέσεται, ἐδήλωσε: ποίοις δὲ χρηστοῖς, οὐκ ἔτι. Οὕτως οὐδὲ Πέτρος λέγει τὸ πᾶν: ἀλλὰ πανταχοῦ ἐκ μέρους τὰ διηγήματα, ὥστε διεγείρειν τοὺς ἀκούοντας. Οὕτω καὶ Φίλιππον καλεῖ μόνον εἰς τὴν ἔρημον. Ἀνέβη δὲ Πέτρος ἐπὶ τὸ δῶμα προσεύξασθαι περὶ ὥραν ἕκτην, καὶ ἔπεσεν ἐπ' αὐτὸν ἔκστασις, καὶ θεωρεῖ σκεῦός τι ὡς ὀθόνην. Σκόπει, ὅτι οὐδὲ ἡ πεῖνα ἠνάγκασεν αὐτὸν προσδραμεῖν τῇ σινδόνι. Ἵνα δὲ μὴ ἐν πλείονι ἀπορίᾳ ὁ Πέτρος ᾖ, ἀκούει λεγούσης φωνῆς: Ἀναστὰς, Πέτρε, θῦσον καὶ φάγε. Ἴσως ἐπὶ γόνατα κείμενος εἶδε τὴν ὀπτασίαν: ἐμοὶ δὲ δοκεῖ διὰ τὸ κήρυγμα ταύτην ἑωρακέναι. Ὅτι δὲ καὶ θεῖον ἦν τὸ γινόμενον, δῆλον ἔκ τε τοῦ ἄνωθεν ἰδεῖν καταβαῖνον, ἔκ τε τοῦ ἐν ἐκστάσει γενέσθαι. Τὸ δὲ καὶ φωνὴν ἐκεῖθεν ἐνεχθῆναι, καὶ τὸ τρὶς τοῦτο γενέσθαι, καὶ τὸ οὐρανὸν ἀνεῳχθῆναι, καὶ τὸ ἐκεῖθεν ἥκειν, καὶ τὸ ἐκεῖ ἀναρπασθῆναι πάλιν, μέγα δεῖγμα τοῦ θεῖον εἶναι τὸ πρᾶγμα. γʹ. Διὰ τί δὲ τοῦτο γίνεται; Διὰ τοὺς μετὰ ταῦτα, οἷς μέλλει ἐξηγεῖσθαι: ἐπεὶ αὐτὸς ἤδη ἀκούσας ἦν, ὅτι Εἰς ὁδὸν ἐθνῶν μὴ ἀπέλθητε. Καὶ μὴ θαυμάσῃς. Εἰ γὰρ περιτομῆς ἐδεήθη καὶ θυσίας Παῦλος, πολλῷ μᾶλλον τότε ἐν ἀρχῇ τοῦ κηρύγματος ἀσθενεστέρων ὄντων αὐτῶν, τούτων ἔδει. Καὶ ἰδοὺ οἱ ἄνδρες, φησὶ, οἱ ἀπεσταλμένοι ἀπὸ τοῦ Κορνηλίου ἐπέστησαν ἐπὶ τὸν πυλῶνα: καὶ φωνήσαντες ἐπυνθάνοντο, εἰ Σίμων ὁ ἐπικαλούμενος Πέτρος ἐνθάδε ξενίζεται. Ἅτε ὡς εὐτελῆ οἰκίαν, κάτωθεν ἐπυνθάνοντο, οὐ τοὺς γείτονας ἠρώτων. Τοῦ δὲ Πέτρου διενθυμουμένου, εἶπεν αὐτῷ τὸ Πνεῦμα: Ἀναστὰς κατάβηθι, καὶ πορεύου μηδὲν διακρινόμενος, διότι ἐγὼ ἀπέσταλκα αὐτούς. Ὅρα: οὐκ εἶπε: Διὰ γὰρ τοῦτο τὸ ὅραμά σοι ὤφθη: ἀλλ', Ἐγὼ αὐτοὺς ἀπέσταλκα: δεικνὺς, ὅτι οὕτω δεῖ πείθεσθαι, εὐθύνας οὐκ ἀπαιτοῦντα. Ἀρκεῖ γὰρ πρὸς πᾶσαν πληροφορίαν τὸ ἀκοῦσαι παρ' αὐτοῦ: Τόδε ποίησον, τόδε λάλησον, καὶ μηδὲν πλέον ζητεῖν. Καταβὰς δὲ Πέτρος εἶπεν: Ἰδοὺ ἐγώ εἰμι, ὃν ζητεῖτε. Τί δήποτε οὐκ εὐθέως αὐτοὺς ἐδέξατο, ἀλλὰ πυνθάνεται; Εἶδε στρατιώτας ὄντας τοὺς ἐπιστάντας. Διὸ οὐχ ἁπλῶς ἐρωτᾷ, ἀλλὰ πρότερον ὁμολογήσας αὐτὸς εἶναι, τότε τὴν αἰτίαν πυνθάνεται τῆς ἀφίξεως, ἵνα μὴ νομισθῇ διὰ τοῦτο πυνθάνεσθαι, ὡς δὴ θέλων ἑαυτὸν κατακρύψαι. Καὶ πυνθάνεται, ἵνα, ἂν μὲν εὐθέως κατεπείγῃ, καὶ συνεξέλθῃ: ἂν δὲ μὴ, ἵνα ξενίσῃ. Τίνος δὲ ἕνεκεν ἐκεῖνοι λέγουσι, Μεταπέμπεταί σε εἰς τὸν οἶκον αὐτοῦ; Ὅτι τοῦτο αὐτοῖς ἐκέλευσε. Τάχα δὲ καὶ ὡς ἀπολογούμενοι ὑπὲρ αὐτοῦ μονονουχὶ λέγουσι: Μηδὲν καταγνῷς: οὐχ ὡς καταφρονῶν ἔπεμψεν, ἀλλ' ἐκελεύσθη οὕτως. Ὁ δὲ Κορνήλιος ἦν προσδοκῶν αὐτοὺς, φησὶ, προσκαλεσάμενος τοὺς συγγενεῖς αὐτοῦ, καὶ τοὺς ἀναγκαίους φίλους. Εἰκότως: οὐ γὰρ δίκαιον ἦν καὶ τοὺς συγγενεῖς καὶ τοὺς φίλους μὴ συνεπάγεσθαι: ἄλλως δὲ καὶ ἐκεῖ παρόντες μᾶλλον αὐτοῦ ἤκουσαν ἄν. Εἴδετε, πόση τῆς ἐλεημοσύνης ἡ δύναμις, καὶ ἐν τῇ προτέρᾳ διαλέξει καὶ ἐνταῦθα; Ἐκείνη θανάτου ἀπήλλαξε τοῦ προσκαίρου, αὕτη τοῦ αἰωνίου: αὕτη καὶ θύρας ἀνέῳξεν οὐρανοῦ. Ὅρα δὲ, πῶς περὶ πολλοῦ γεγένηται τὸ πιστεῦσαι Κορνήλιον, ὡς καὶ ἄγγελον πεμφθῆναι, καὶ Πνεῦμα ἐνεργῆσαι, καὶ τὸν κορυφαῖον μεταπεμφθῆναι τῶν ἀποστόλων, καὶ ὄψιν φανῆναι τοιαύτην, καὶ μηδὲν ὅλως ἐλλειφθῆναι. Πόσοι ἦσαν ἑκατόνταρχοι, καὶ χιλίαρχοι, καὶ βασιλεῖς, καὶ οὐδεὶς τούτων ἐπέτυχεν ὧν οὗτος; Ἀκούσατε πάντες, ὅσοι ἐν στρατείαις ἐστὲ, ὅσοι βασιλεῦσι παρεστήκατε. Εὐσεβὴς ἦν, φησὶ, καὶ φοβούμενος τὸν Θεόν: καὶ τὸ μεῖζον, ὅτι τοιοῦτος ἦν Μετὰ παντὸς τοῦ οἴκου αὐτοῦ. Οὕτως ἦν συγκεκροτημένος πρὸς τοῦτο καὶ διακείμενος, ὡς μὴ μόνον εὖ τίθεσθαι τὰ οἰκεῖα, ἀλλὰ καὶ ἐπὶ τῆς οἰκετείας τὸ αὐτὸ τοῦτο ποιεῖν. Οὐ γὰρ ὡς ἡμεῖς, οἳ, ὅπως μὲν ἡμῖν φοβεροὶ οἱ ὑπηρετοῦντες ἔσονται, πάντα ποιοῦμεν, ὅπως δὲ εὐλαβεῖς, οὐκέτι. Ἀλλ' οὗτος οὐχ οὕτως, ἀλλὰ μετὰ τῆς οἰκίας ἁπάσης τὸν Θεὸν ἐφοβεῖτο, οὐ μόνον ὥσπερ κοινὸς πατὴρ πάντων τῶν μετ' αὐτοῦ ὢν, ἀλλὰ καὶ τῶν ὑπ' αὐτὸν στρατιωτῶν. Ἄκουε δὲ καὶ τί φασιν ἕτερον: ἀναγκαίως γὰρ προστέθειται τὸ, Μαρτυρούμενος ὑπὸ ὅλου τοῦ ἔθνους: ἵνα μηδεὶς εἴπῃ: Τί γὰρ, εἰ ἀκρόβυστος ἦν; Καὶ ἐκεῖνοι, φησὶ, μαρτυροῦσιν αὐτῷ. Ἄρα οὐδὲν ἐλεημοσύνης ἴσον: μᾶλλον δὲ οὕτω μεγάλη τοῦ πράγματος ἡ ἰσχὺς, ὅταν ἐκ καθαρῶν προχέηται ταμείων, ὡς τά γε προχεόμενα ἐξ ἀδίκων βόρβορον ἔοικεν ἀφιείσῃ πηγῇ: τὰ δὲ ἐκ δικαίων κερδῶν, καθάπερ νᾶμα διειδές τε καὶ καθαρὸν ἐν παραδείσῳ, ἡδὺ μὲν ἰδεῖν, ἡδὺ δὲ ἅψασθαι, κοῦφόν τε καὶ ψυχρὸν ἐν μεσημβρίᾳ διδόμενον. Οὕτως ἐστὶν ἡ ἐλεημοσύνη. Παρὰ ταύτην τὴν πηγὴν οὐκ αἴγειροι καὶ πεῦκαι, οὐδὲ κυπάρισσοι, ἀλλ' ἕτερα τούτων πολλῷ βελτίω φυτὰ εὐμήκη εἰσί: φιλία Θεοῦ, ἔπαινος ἀνθρώπων, δόξα ἡ εἰς Θεὸν, εὔνοια παρὰ πάντων, ἁμαρτημάτων ἀφανισμὸς, παῤῥησία πολλὴ, χρημάτων ὑπεροψία, ἐλεημοσύνη, δι' ἧς τῆς ἀγάπης τὸ φυτὸν τρέφεται. Οὐδὲν γὰρ οὕτως ἀγάπην τρέφειν εἴωθεν, ὡς τὸ ἐλεήμονα εἶναί τινα. Αὕτη τοὺς κλάδους εἰς ὕψος αἴρεσθαι ποιεῖ: αὕτη βελτίων ἡ πηγὴ τῆς ἐν τῷ παραδείσῳ, οὐκ εἰς τέσσαρας ἀρχὰς διαιρο[υ]μένη, ἀλλ' εἰς τὸν οὐρανὸν αὐτὸν ἀφικνουμένη: αὕτη τίκτει τὸν ποταμὸν ἐκεῖνον τὸν ἁλλόμενον εἰς ζωὴν αἰώνιον: εἰς ταύτην θάνατος ἐμπεσὼν, καθάπερ σπινθὴρ ἀναλίσκεται ἀπὸ τῆς πηγῆς: οὕτως, ὅπουπερ ἂν ἐπιστάξῃ, μεγάλα ἐργάζεται ἀγαθά. Αὕτη τοῦ πυρὸς τὸν ποταμὸν σβέννυσιν ὡς σπινθῆρα: αὕτη τὸν σκώληκα οὕτως ἀποπνίγει, ὡς οὐδέν. Ὁ ταύτην ἔχων, οὐ βρύχει τοὺς ὀδόντας. Ἀπὸ τοῦ ὕδατος ταύτης ἂν ἐπιστάξῃ εἰς τὰ δεσμὰ, διαιρεῖ αὐτά: κἂν εἰς τὰς καμίνους ἐμπέσῃ, πάσας σβέννυσιν. δʹ. Ὥσπερ οὖν ἡ ἐν παραδείσῳ πηγὴ οὐ νῦν μὲν προχέει νάματα, νῦν δὲ ξηραίνεται (ἐπεὶ οὐκ ἂν εἴη λοιπὸν πηγὴ), ἀλλ' ἀεὶ ἀναβλύζει: οὕτω καὶ ἡ ἡμετέρα ἀεὶ δαψιλέστερον προχείτω τὸ νᾶμα πρὸς τοὺς μάλιστα ἐπιδεομένους ἐλέους, ἵνα μένῃ πηγή. Τοῦτο ἱλαρὸν ποιεῖ τὸν λαμβάνοντα: τοῦτο ἐλεημοσύνη, μὴ σφοδρὸν μόνον προχεῖσθαι τὸ νᾶμα, ἀλλὰ καὶ διηνεκές. Εἰ βούλει, ὥσπερ ἐκ πηγῶν σοι ἐπομβρεῖν τοῦ Θεοῦ τὸν ἔλεον, καὶ σὺ πηγὴν ἔχε. Οὐδὲν ταύτης ἴσον. Ἂν σὺ ταύτης τῆς πηγῆς ἀνοίξῃς τὰ στόματα, τῆς πηγῆς τοῦ Θεοῦ τοιαῦτα ἔσται τὰ στόματα, ὥστε πᾶσαν ἄβυσσον νικῆσαι. Ἀφορμὴν ζητεῖ μόνον παρ' ἡμῶν λαβεῖν ὁ Θεὸς, καὶ προχεῖται ἐκ τῶν ταμείων αὐτοῦ τὰ ἀγαθά. Ὅταν ἀναλίσκῃ, ὅταν δαπανᾷ, τότε πλουτεῖ, τότε εὐπορεῖ. Μέγα ἐκείνης τὸ στόμα τῆς πηγῆς: καθαρὸν τὸ αὐτῆς νᾶμα καὶ διειδές. Ἂν μὴ ταύτην ἀποφράξῃς, οὐδὲ ἐκείνην. Μηδὲν ἄκαρπον στηκέτω παρ' αὐτὴν δένδρον, ἵνα μὴ τὴν νοτίδα αὐτῆς καταναλώσῃ. Ἔχεις χρήματα; Μὴ φύτευε αἰγείρους ἐκεῖ: τοιοῦτον γὰρ ἡ τρυφή: πολλὰ ἀναλίσκει, καὶ οὐδὲν δείκνυσιν ἐν ἑαυτῇ, ἀλλὰ ἀπόλλυσι τὸν καρπόν. Μὴ φυτεύσῃς πεύκην, μὴ πίτυν, μηδὲ ἄλλο τι τῶν τοιούτων τῶν ἀναλισκόντων μὲν, οὐδαμοῦ δὲ χρησίμων: τοιοῦτο γὰρ ἡ τῶν ἱματίων τρυφὴ, ἰδεῖν μόνον καλὸν, οὐδαμοῦ δὲ χρήσιμον. Ἀναδενδράδων πλήρωσον: πάντα τὰ κάρπιμα φύτευσον ἐν ταῖς τῶν πενήτων χερσὶν, ἅπερ ἂν θέλῃς. Οὐδὲν ταύτης λιπαρώτερον τῆς γῆς: καίτοι μικρόν ἐστι τὸ διάστημα τῆς χειρὸς, ἀλλ' ὅμως πρὸς αὐτὸν φθάνει τὸν οὐρανὸν τὸ φυτευόμενον δένδρον, καὶ βέβαιον ἕστηκε. Τοῦτό ἐστι φυτεῦσαι. Τὸ μὲν γὰρ φυτευόμενον ἐν τῇ γῇ, κἂν μὴ νῦν, μετὰ ἑκατὸν ἔτη ἀπολεῖται. Τί φυτεύεις δένδρα, ὧν οὐκ ἀπολαύσῃ, ἀλλὰ πρὶν ἢ ἀπολαύσεις, ὁ θάνατος ἐπελθὼν προαρπάζει σε; Τοῦτο τὸ δένδρον, ὅταν ἀποθάνῃς, τότε σοι δίδωσι τὸν καρπόν. Εἰ φυτεύεις, μὴ ἐν τῇ τῆς γαστριμαργίας φυτεύσῃς κοιλίᾳ, ἵνα μὴ εἰς ἀφεδρῶνα ὁ καρπὸς ἐκβῇ: ἀλλὰ φύτευσον ἐν τεθλιμμένῃ νηδύϊ, ἵνα πηδήσῃ πρὸς τὸν οὐρανὸν ὁ καρπός. Ἀνάπαυσον τὴν στενοχωρουμένην ψυχὴν τὴν τοῦ πένητος, ἵνα μὴ τὴν εὐρύχωρον θλίψῃς τὴν σήν. Οὐχ ὁρᾷς, ὅτι τὰ ποτιζόμενα τῶν δένδρων ἀμέτρως, ἀπὸ τῆς ῥίζης σήπεται: τὰ δὲ μετὰ συμμετρίας, αὔξεται; Οὕτω δὴ καὶ σὺ μὴ τὴν σαυτοῦ ποτίσῃς ἀμέτρως γαστέρα, ἵνα μὴ σαπῇ ἡ ῥίζα τοῦ δένδρου: πότισον τὴν διψῶσαν, ἵνα καρπὸν ἐνέγκῃ. Τὰ συμμέτρως ποτιζόμενα οὐ σήπει ὁ ἥλιος, τὰ δὲ ἀμέτρως, σήπει: τοιαύτη γὰρ ἡ τοῦ ἡλίου φύσις. Πανταχοῦ ἡ ἀμετρία κακόν: διὸ περικόψωμεν αὐτὴν, ἵνα καὶ ἡμεῖς τύχωμεν ὧν αἰτοῦμεν. Ἐν τοῖς ὑψηλοτάτοις χωρίοις αἱ πηγαὶ λέγονται τίκτεσθαι. Οὐκοῦν γενώμεθα ὑψηλοὶ καὶ ἡμεῖς τὴν ψυχὴν, καὶ ταχέως ἡ ἐλεημοσύνη ῥεύσει: οὐ γὰρ ἔστι τὴν ὑψηλὴν ψυχὴν μὴ καὶ ἐλεήμονα εἶναι, καὶ τὴν ἐλεήμονα μὴ καὶ ὑψηλήν. Ὁ γοῦν χρημάτων ὑπερορῶν, τῆς ῥίζης ἀνώτερός ἐστι τῶν κακῶν. Αἱ πηγαὶ ἐν ἐρημίαις εἰσὶν ὡς τὰ πολλά: καὶ ἡμεῖς τὴν ψυχὴν τῆς πολυοχλίας ἐξαγάγωμεν, καὶ πηγάσει παρ' ἡμῖν ἡ ἐλεημοσύνη. Αἱ πηγαὶ, ὅσῳ ἂν καθαίρωνται, ἀφθονώτεραι γίνονται: οὕτω δὴ καὶ ἡμεῖς, ὅσῳ ἂν ἀναλώσωμεν, τοσούτῳ βλαστάνει τὰ καλά. Ὁ πηγὴν ἔχων, οὐ δέδοικεν: ἂν τοίνυν καὶ ἡμεῖς ἔχωμεν τὴν ἐλεημοσύνην πηγὴν, οὐ φοβηθησόμεθα. Καὶ γὰρ πρὸς ποτὸν, πρὸς ἀρδείαν, πρὸς οἰκοδομὴν, πρὸς πάντα ἡμῖν χρήσιμος αὕτη ἡ πηγή. Οὐδὲν τοῦ πόματος τούτου βέλτιον: οὐκ οἶδεν αὕτη μέθην ἐργάσασθαι: βέλτιον τοιαύτην ἔχειν πηγὴν, ἢ χρυσοῦ πηγὰς ἐπιῤῥεῖν. Πάσης χρυσίτιδος γῆς βελτίων ἡ τοῦτον φέρουσα τὸν χρυσὸν ψυχή. Οὐ γὰρ εἰς ταῦτα τὰ βασίλεια, ἀλλὰ τὰ ἄνω ἡμῖν συνεκχωρεῖ. Ὁ χρυσὸς, κόσμος γίνεται τῇ Ἐκκλησίᾳ τοῦ Θεοῦ: ἀπὸ τούτου τοῦ χρυσοῦ ἡ μάχαιρα κατασκευάζεται τοῦ Πνεύματος, ἡ μάχαιρα δι' ἧς ὁ δράκων ἀποτέμνεται. Ἀπὸ ταύτης τῆς πηγῆς οἱ λίθοι προέρχονται οἱ τίμιοι, οἱ περὶ τὴν κεφαλὴν τοῦ βασιλέως. Μὴ δὴ ἀμελῶμεν τοσούτου πλούτου, ἀλλ' εἰσφέρωμεν τὴν ἐλεημοσύνην μετὰ δαψιλείας, ἵνα τῆς παρὰ τοῦ Θεοῦ φιλανθρωπίας ἀξιωθῶμεν, χάριτι καὶ οἰκτιρμοῖς τοῦ μονογενοῦς αὐτοῦ Υἱοῦ, ᾧ πᾶσα δόξα, τιμὴ καὶ κράτος, ἅμα τῷ ἁγίῳ Πνεύματι, εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας τῶν αἰώνων. Ἀμήν.