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having defiled the earth, the air, the heaven, and all things under it with their absurd actions. For nothing else of all other things so defiles and renders unclean the pure work of God, as that it should be deified and worshipped equally with God, contrary to the one who made and created it. Therefore, all creation, having been deified and worshipped by men, was polluted and led down into complete corruption; but when the summit of excessive evil was reached and all were enclosed in disobedience, according to the divine Apostle, then the Son of God and God came down to earth to refashion the one who was shattered, to give life to the one who was put to death, and to recall His own creation from error.

But pay attention, I beseech you, to the precision of the discourse; for the discourse will be profitable both to us and to the generations to come. And it is necessary from a certain image to contemplate the incarnation of the Word and His ineffable birth from the ever-virgin Mary, and to know well from there the mystery of the economy hidden before the ages for the salvation of our race.

3. Concerning the incarnation of the Word and in what manner He was incarnate for our sake. (60) Just as, therefore, in the creation of our foremother Eve of old, the side of Adam

God took, animated, and built it up into a woman - for this reason He did not breathe into her the breath of life as He did into Adam, but the part which He had taken from his flesh, He formed into the complete body of a woman; and the first-fruit of the spirit, which He had taken together with the animated flesh, (61) He made into a perfect living soul, making both together a human being, in this same way, having taken animated flesh from the holy Theotokos and ever-virgin Mary, as a kind of leaven and small first-fruit from the dough of our nature, that is, from the soul and the body together, God the creator and fashioner united it to His own incomprehensible and unapproachable divinity, or rather, having united to our substance the whole hypostasis of His divinity essentially, mixing it with that one unconfusedly, the human with His own, He built this into a holy temple for Himself and, unalterably and immutably, He Himself, the creator of Adam, became a perfect man.

For just as He made the woman from his side, as we have said before, so from his daughter Mary, the ever-virgin and Theotokos, having borrowed and taken up flesh without seed, He was born in like manner to the first-formed man, so that, just as that one through transgression became the beginning of our birth in corruption and death, so Christ and God, through the fulfillment of all righteousness, might become the first-fruit of our refashioning in incorruption and immortality. For this is what the divine Paul also means when he says thus: "The first man was from the earth, a man of dust; the second man is the Lord from heaven. As was the man of dust, so also are those who are of the dust; and as is the man of heaven, so also are those who are of heaven." And again: "Christ the first-fruits, afterward those who are Christ's." For since He became a perfect man in soul and body, like us in all things except sin, through faith in Him He imparts to us of His divinity, and makes us His kinsmen according to the nature and substance of His divinity. And behold for me the new and paradoxical aspect of the mystery. The God-Logos took flesh which (62) by nature He did not have and became man, which He was not; He imparts to those who believe in Him His divinity, which no one, either of angels or of men, has yet possessed, and they become gods, which they were not, by adoption and by grace; for thus He grants them the authority to become children of God, for which reason they both became and always likewise become and never of not

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καταμιάναντες τήν γῆν, τόν ἀέρα, τόν οὐρανόν καί τά ὑπ᾿ αὐτόν ἅπαντα ταῖς πράξεσι ταῖς ἀτόποις αὐτῶν. Οὐδέν γάρ ἕτερον τῶν ἄλλων ἁπάντων οὕτω μιαίνει καί ἀκάθαρτον τό καθαρόν ἔργον ἀπεργάζεται τοῦ Θεοῦ, ὡς τό θεοποιηθῆναι αὐτό τοῦτο καί λατρευθῆναι ἴσα καί θεῷ παρά τόν πεποιηκότα καί κτίσαντα. Τοιγαροῦν καί πᾶσα ἡ κτίσις παρά τῶν ἀνθρώπων θεοποιηθεῖσα καί προσκυνηθεῖσα κατερρυπώθη καί εἰς τελείαν κατήχθη φθοράν· ὅτε δέ ὁ κολοφών ἐπληρώθη τῆς ἄγαν κακίας καί εἰς ἀπείθειαν ἅπαντες συνεκλείσθησαν, κατά τόν θεῖον Ἀπόστολον, τότε κατῆλθεν ἐπί γῆς ὁ Υἱός τοῦ Θεοῦ καί Θεός ἀναπλάσαι τόν συντριβέντα, ζωοποιῆσαι τόν τεθανατωμένον καί τό ἑαυτοῦ πλάσμα ἐκ τῆς πλάνης ἀνακαλέσασθαι.

Ἀλλά προσέχετε, παρακαλῶ, τῇ ἀκριβείᾳ τοῦ λόγου· ἔσται γάρ ἡμῖν τε ὠφέλιμος ὁ λόγος καί ταῖς μετέπειτα γενεαῖς. Χρεών δέ ἐξ εἰκόνος τινός τήν τοῦ Λόγου σάρκωσιν καί τήν ἐκ τῆς ἀειπαρθένου Μαρίας ἀπόρρητον γέννησιν αὐτοῦ θεωρῆσαι καί γνῶναι καλῶς τό τῆς οἰκονομίας ἐκεῖθεν μυστήριον τό ἀποκεκρυμμένον πρό τῶν αἰώνων εἰς σωτηρίαν τοῦ γένους ἡμῶν.

γ΄. Περί τῆς τοῦ Λόγου σαρκώσεως καί κατά τίνα τρόπον δι᾿ ἡμᾶς ἐσαρκώθη. (60) Καθάπερ οὖν ἐν τῇ πλάσει πάλαι τῆς προμήτορος Εὔας τήν τοῦ Ἀδάμ πλευράν

ἐψυχωμένην ἔλαβεν ὁ Θεός καί εἰς γυναῖκα ταύτην ἀνῳκοδόμησε - διά τοῦτο γάρ οὐδέ ἐνεφύσησεν εἰς αὐτήν ὡς εἰς τόν Ἀδάμ πνοήν ζωῆς, ἀλλά τό μέρος, ὅ ἐκ τῆς σαρκός αὐτοῦ εἴληφεν, εἰς σῶμα γυναικός ὁλόκληρον ἀπετέλεσε· καί τήν ἀπαρχήν τοῦ πνεύματος, ἥν σύν τῇ ἐμψυχωμένῃ σαρκί εἴληφεν, (61) εἰς ψυχήν ζῶσαν τελείαν πεποίηκε, τά ἀμφότερα ἄνθρωπον ἐργασάμενος ἅμα , τόν αὐτόν δή τρόπον καί ἐκ τῆς ἁγίας θεοτόκου καί ἀειπαρθένου Μαρίας ἐψυχωμένην σάρκα λαβών ζύμην οἱονεί καί μικράν ἀπαρχήν ἐκ τοῦ φυράματος τῆς φύσεως ἡμῶν, ἤτοι ἐκ τῆς ψυχῆς ὁμοῦ καί τοῦ σώματος, ὁ πλαστουργός καί κτίστης Θεός ἥνωσε τῇ ἑαυτοῦ ἀκαταλήπτῳ καί ἀπροσίτῳ θεότητι, μᾶλλον δέ τῇ ἡμετέρᾳ οὐσίᾳ ὅλην τῆς θεότητος αὐτοῦ τήν ὑπόστασιν ἑνώσας οὐσιωδῶς, ἀμίκτως τε μίξας αὐτήν ἐκείνῃ, τήν ἀνθρωπίνην τῇ ἑαυτοῦ, ᾠκοδόμησε ταύτην εἰς ναόν ἅγιον ἑαυτῷ καί ἀναλλιώτως καί ἀτρέπτως αὐτός ὁ τοῦ Ἀδάμ ποιητής τέλειος ἐγένετο ἄνθρωπος.

Ὥσπερ γάρ ἐκ τῆς ἐκείνου πλευρᾶς τήν γυναῖκα ἐποίησε, καθά πρόσθεν εἰρήκαμεν, οὕτως ἐκ τῆς αὐτοῦ θυγατρός Μαρίας τῆς ἀειπαρθένου καί θεοτόκου σάρκα δανεισάμενος καί ἀναλαβών ἄνευ σπορᾶς ὁμοίως ἐγεννήθη τῷ πρωτοπλάστῳ, ἵνα καθάπερ ἐκεῖνος διά τῆς παραβάσεως ἀρχή τῆς ἐν φθορᾷ καί θανάτῳ γενέσεως ἡμῶν ἐχρημάτισεν, οὕτως ὁ Χριστός καί Θεός διά τῆς ἐκπληρώσεως ἁπάσης δικαιοσύνης ἀπαρχή τῆς ἐν ἀφθαρσίᾳ ἀναπλάσεως καί ἀθανασίας ἡμῶν γένηται. Τοῦτο γάρ βούλεται καί Παῦλος οὕτω λέγων ὁ θεῖος· "Ὁ πρῶτος ἄνθρωπος ἐκ γῆς χοϊκός, ὁ δεύτερος ἄνθρωπος ὁ Κύριος ἐξ οὐρανοῦ· οἷος ὁ χοϊκός, τοιοῦτοι καί οἱ χοϊκοί· καί οἷος ὁ ἐπουράνιος, τοιοῦτοι καί οἱ ἐπουράνιοι". Καί πάλιν· "Ἀπαρχή Χριστός, ἔπειτα οἱ τοῦ Χριστοῦ". Ἐπειδή γάρ ψυχῇ καί σώματι τέλειος ἐχρημάτισεν ἄνθρωπος ὅμοιος ἡμῶν κατά πάντα πλήν ἁμαρτίας, διά τῆς εἰς αὐτόν πίστεως μεταδιδούς ἡμῖν ἐκ τῆς αὐτοῦ θεότητος, συγγενεῖς καί ἡμᾶς αὐτοῦ κατά τήν τῆς θεότητος αὐτοῦ φύσιν καί οὐσίαν ἐργάζεται. Καί ὅρα μοι τοῦ μυστηρίου τό καινόν καί παράδοξον. Ἔλαβεν ὁ Θεός Λόγος ἥν κατά (62) φύσιν οὐκ εἶχε σάρκα καί ἐγένετο ἄνθρωπος, ὅπερ οὐκ ἦν· μεταδίδωσι τοῖς πιστεύουσιν εἰς αὐτόν τῆς αὐτοῦ θεότητος, ἥν οὐδείς οὐδέπω ἀγγέλων ἤ ἀνθρώπων ἐκτήσατο, καί γίνονται θεοί, ὅπερ οὐκ ἦσαν, θέσει καί χάριτι· οὕτω γάρ χαρίζεται αὐτοῖς ἐξουσίαν τοῦ υἱούς Θεοῦ γίνεσθαι, διό καί ἐγένοντο καί ἀεί ὡσαύτως γίνονται καί οὐδέποτε τοῦ μή