20Father20» let him go. And let us seek to understand more mystically the saying at the end of the Gospel according to John: «Do not touch me, for I have not yet ascended to my 20Father20»; understanding the Son's ascension «to the 20Father20» in a manner more befitting of God, with holy clarity, an ascension which the mind ascends more than the body. 23.3 I think I have examined these things in connection with the phrase «0Our Father who art in heaven20» in order to remove the base conception of God held by those who think he is locally «in the 20heavens20», and not to allow anyone to say that God is in a corporeal place (since it follows from this that he is also a body), a view from which most impious doctrines follow, namely, to suppose that he is divisible and material and perishable; for every body is divisible and material and perishable; or let those who claim to understand clearly, and not to be babbling nonsense, tell us how it is possible for a nature <to be> other than material. And since, even before the bodily advent of Christ, many passages of scripture seem to say that God is in a bodily place, it does not seem out of place for me to quote a few of them, in order to remove all distraction from those who, through their ignorance, confine the God over all within a small and narrow space, so far as in them lies. And first, in Genesis, it says, «Adam» and Eve «heard the voice of the Lord God walking in the garden in the cool of the day; and Adam and his wife hid themselves from the presence of the Lord God among the trees of the garden.» We shall say to those who do not wish to come to the treasures of the text, but do not even at first knock at its «door», whether they can represent the Lord God, who fills «heaven and earth,» who, as they suppose, more corporeally uses «heaven» as his throne and «the earth» as the footstool «of his feet,» as being contained in a place so small, in comparison with the whole of heaven and earth, that the corporeal paradise which they imagine is not filled by God, but is so much greater in size than he, that it can even contain him as he walks about, a «voice» being heard from the tread of his feet. And further, according to them, it is even more absurd that Adam and Eve, being ashamed of God because of their transgression, should hide «from the face of God among the trees of the garden.» For it is not said that they wished to hide in this way, but that they actually «hid themselves.» And how, according to them, does God ask Adam, saying, «Where are you?» 23.4 But we have dealt with these things at greater length, when examining the passages in Genesis; yet now, that we may not pass over so great a problem in complete silence, we will remind ourselves sufficiently of the phrase, «I will dwell in them and walk among them,» spoken by God in Deuteronomy. For such as is his walk among the saints, such was also his walk in paradise, with every sinner hiding from God and fleeing his oversight and departing from confidence; for so also «Cain went out from the presence of God and dwelt in the land of Nod, east of Eden.» As, therefore, he dwells in the saints, so also he dwells in heaven, that is, in every saint who bears «the image of the heavenly», or in Christ, in whom are all the saved, the «lights» and stars of heaven, or also he dwells <there because of> the saints in heaven according to what is said: «To you I lift up my eyes, to you who dwell in heaven.» And also the passage in Ecclesiastes: «Be not rash to utter a word before the face of God; for God is in heaven above, and you are on earth below» wishes to show the distance from those who are in the body «of our humiliation» to the angels and holy powers, or to Christ himself, who are among those exalted by benefit and by the Word. For it is not absurd that he himself should be properly the throne of the Father, being called heaven more allegorically, and that his church, being named earth, should be the «footstool» «of his feet.» 23.5 We have added, then, a few sayings also from the Old Testament, which are thought to represent God as in a place,
20πατέρα20» πορευέσθω. καὶ τὸ ἐπὶ τέλει δὲ τοῦ κατὰ Ἰωάννην εὐαγγελίου· «μή μου ἅπτου· οὔπω γὰρ ἀναβέ βηκα πρὸς τὸν 20πατέρα20 μου» μυστικώτερον νοῆσαι ζητήσωμεν· τῆς ἀναβάσεως «πρὸς τὸν 20πατέρα20» τοῦ υἱοῦ θεοπρεπέστερον μετὰ ἁγίας τρανότητος ἡμῖν νοουμένης, ἥντινα ἀνάβασιν νοῦς μᾶλλον ἀναβαίνει σώματος. 23.3 ταῦτα ἡγοῦμαι συνεξητακέναι τῷ «0πάτερ ἡμῶν ὁ ἐν τοῖς οὐρανοῖς20» ὑπὲρ τοῦ ταπεινὴν περὶ θεοῦ ὑπόληψιν τῶν νομιζόν των αὐτὸν εἶναι τοπικῶς «ἐν 20οὐρανοῖς20» περιελεῖν καὶ μὴ ἐᾶν τινα ἐν σωματικῷ τόπῳ εἶναι τὸν θεὸν (ἐπεὶ τούτῳ ἀκόλουθόν ἐστι καὶ σῶμα αὐτὸν εἶναι) λέγειν, ᾧ ἕπεται δόγματα ἀσεβέστατα, τὸ διαιρετὸν καὶ ὑλικὸν καὶ φθαρτὸν αὐτὸν εἶναι ὑπολαμβάνειν· πᾶν γὰρ σῶμα διαιρετόν ἐστι καὶ ὑλικὸν καὶ φθαρτόν· ἢ λεγέτω σαν ἡμῖν μὴ κενοπαθοῦντες ἀλλὰ τρανῶς καταλαμβάνειν φάσκοντες, πῶς οἷόν τε ἐστὶν ἑτέρας <εἶναι> φύσεως παρὰ τὴν ὑλικήν. ἐπεὶ δὲ καὶ πρὸ τῆς σωματικῆς Χριστοῦ ἐπιδημίας γραμμάτων πολλὰ τὸ ἐν σωματικῷ τόπῳ εἶναι τὸν θεὸν λέγειν δοκεῖ, οὐκ ἄτοπόν μοι φαίνε ται ὀλίγα κἀκείνων παραθέσθαι ὑπὲρ τοῦ πάντα περισπασμὸν ἀφε λεῖν ἀπὸ τῶν διὰ τὸν ἰδιωτισμὸν τὸ ὅσον ἐπ' αὐτοῖς μικρῷ καὶ βραχεῖ τόπῳ ἐμπεριλαμβανόντων τὸν ἐπὶ πάντων θεόν. καὶ πρῶ τόν γε ἐν τῇ Γενέσει «Ἀδὰμ» καὶ Εὔα, φησὶν, «ἤκουσαν τῆς φωνῆς κυρίου τοῦ θεοῦ περιπατοῦντος τὸ δειλινὸν ἐν τῷ παραδείσῳ· καὶ ἐκρύβησαν ὅ τε Ἀδὰμ καὶ ἡ γυνὴ αὐτοῦ ἀπὸ προσώπου κυρίου τοῦ θεοῦ ἐν μέσῳ τοῦ ξύλου τοῦ παραδείσου.» ἐροῦμεν πρὸς τοὺς εἰς τοὺς θησαυροὺς τῆς λέξεως ἐλθεῖν μὴ βουλομένους ἀλλὰ μηδὲ τὴν ἀρχὴν κρούοντας «τὴν θύραν» αὐτῆς, εἰ δύνανται παραστῆσαι κύριον τὸν θεὸν, τὸν πληροῦντα «τὸν οὐρανὸν καὶ τὴν γῆν,» τὸν, ὡς αὐτοὶ ὑπολαμβάνουσι, σωματικώτερον «οὐρανῷ» θρόνῳ χρώμενον καὶ «τῇ γῇ» ὑποποδίῳ «τῶν ποδῶν αὐτοῦ,» ὑπὸ οὕτω βραχέος συγκρίσει τοῦ παντὸς οὐρανοῦ καὶ τῆς γῆς περιέχεσθαι τόπου, ὥστε ὃν ὑπολαμ βάνουσι σωματικὸν παράδεισον μὴ ἐκπληροῦσθαι ὑπὸ τοῦ θεοῦ ἀλλὰ τοσούτῳ αὐτοῦ εἶναι τῷ μεγέθει μείζονα, ὡς καὶ περιπατοῦντα χω ρεῖν αὐτὸν, ἀκουομένης «φωνῆς» ἀπὸ τῆς βάσεως τῶν ποδῶν αὐ τοῦ. ἔτι δὲ κατ' ἐκείνους ἀτοπώτερον τὸ αἰδουμένους τὸν θεὸν διὰ τὴν παράβασιν τὸν Ἀδὰμ καὶ τὴν Εὔαν κρύπτεσθαι «ἀπὸ προσώ που τοῦ θεοῦ ἐν μέσῳ τοῦ ξύλου τοῦ παραδείσου.» οὐδὲ γὰρ λέγεται ὅτι οὕτως ἠθέλησαν κρύπτεσθαι, ἀλλ' ὄντως «ἐκρύβη σαν.» πῶς δὲ κατ' αὐτοὺς πυνθάνεται τοῦ Ἀδὰμ ὁ θεὸς λέγων· «ποῦ εἶ;» 23.4 περὶ τούτων δὲ ἐπὶ πλεῖον διειλήφαμεν, ἐξετάζοντες τὰ εἰς τὴν Γένεσιν· πλὴν καὶ νῦν ἵνα μὴ τέλεον παρασιωπήσωμεν τὸ τηλι κοῦτον πρόβλημα, αὐτάρκως ἀναμνησθησόμεθα τοῦ «ἐνοικήσω ἐν αὐτοῖς καὶ ἐμπεριπατήσω ἐν αὐτοῖς,» λεγομένου ἐν ∆ευτερονομίῳ ὑπὸ τοῦ θεοῦ. ὁποῖος γὰρ αὐτοῦ ὁ περίπατος ἐν τοῖς ἁγίοις, τοιοῦτός τις καὶ ὁ ἐν τῷ παραδείσῳ, κρυπτομένου θεὸν καὶ φεύγοντος τὴν ἐπισκοπὴν αὐτοῦ καὶ ἀφισταμένου τῆς παῤῥησίας παντὸς τοῦ ἁμαρ τάνοντος· οὕτω γὰρ καὶ «Κάϊν ἐξῆλθεν ἀπὸ προσώπου τοῦ θεοῦ καὶ ᾤκησεν ἐν γῇ Ναῒδ κατέναντι Ἐδέμ.» ὡς οὖν ἐν τοῖς ἁγίοις ἐνοικεῖ, οὕτως καὶ ἐν οὐρανῷ, ἤτοι παντὶ ἁγίῳ καὶ φοροῦντι «τὴν εἰκόνα τοῦ ἐπουρανίου» ἢ τῷ Χριστῷ, ἐν ᾧ εἰσι πάντες οἱ σῳζόμενοι «φωστῆρες» καὶ ἀστέρες τοῦ οὐρανοῦ, ἢ καὶ διὰ τοὺς ἐν οὐρανῷ ἁγίους κατοικεῖ <ἐκεῖ κατὰ> τὸ εἰρημένον· «πρὸς σὲ ἦρα τοὺς ὀφθαλμούς μου, τὸν κατοικοῦντα ἐν τῷ οὐρανῷ.» καὶ τὸ ἐν τῷ Ἐκκλησιαστῇ δέ· «μὴ σπεύσῃς ἐξενεγκεῖν λόγον πρὸ προσώπου τοῦ θεοῦ· ὅτι ὁ θεὸς ἐν τῷ οὐρανῷ ἄνω, καὶ σὺ ἐπὶ γῆς κάτω» διάστημα βούλεται δηλῶσαι ἀπὸ τῶν ὄντων ἐν τῷ σώματι «τῆς ταπεινώσεως» ἕως τοῦ παρὰ τοῖς ὑψουμένοις ὑπὸ τῆς ὠφελείας καὶ τοῦ λόγου ἀγγέλοις καὶ δυνάμεσιν ἁγίαις ἢ αὐτῷ τῷ Χριστῷ. οὐ γὰρ ἄτοπον αὐτὸν μὲν εἶναι κυρίως θρόνον τοῦ πατρὸς, ἀλληγορικώτερον οὐρανὸν καλούμενον, τὴν δὲ ἐκκλησίαν αὐτοῦ γῆν ὀνομαζομένην «ὑποπόδιον» τυγχάνειν «τῶν ποδῶν αὐτοῦ.» 23.5 προστεθείκαμεν δὴ ὀλίγα καὶ τῆς παλαιᾶς διαθήκης ῥητὰ, νομιζόμενα ἐν τόπῳ παριστάνειν τὸν θεὸν,