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The teachings of Nestorius. Therefore, a council of two hundred fathers having been assembled in Ephesus, of which the most holy Cyril was president, also holding the place of Celestine of Rome, 104 who was unable to attend on account of illness, the dogmas of Nestorius were examined and rejected as heretical; and the holy virgin was demonstrated to be thought of and called Theotokos, and the one incarnated of her without a man, son of God and God, was proclaimed by those holy fathers. For a clearer confession of the faith and a more distinct refutation of the impiety of Nestorius, the most holy Cyril also composed twelve chapters, reminders of the right doctrine, and delivered them to the church. But Nestorius was cast out and removed from the choir of high priests who hold right doctrine. And on the third day of the council, John of Antioch and Theodoret, bishop of Cyrus, and Ibas of Edessa, and others arrived at Ephesus and, because the members of the council had not waited for their arrival, being angered against the great Cyril as the leader of the others, they both blamed the deposition of Nestorius and, siding with him, voted for the deposition of both the divine Cyril and Memnon of Ephesus. And Theodoret proceeded against 105 the twelve chapters of Cyril and composed others for their refutation, against which the great Cyril in turn contended, convicting Theodoret of not teaching rightly. And both the bishop of Antioch and the rest were condemned by the council and were alienated from the orthodox. And so, with things being in this state, and the bishops being against each other and a schism existing between them, the emperor Theodosius ordered all to come to Constantinople; and when they arrived, the investigation took place in the presence of the emperor, and Nestorius was deposed and exiled to the east, while the bishop of Antioch and Theodoret came to agree with the holy council, having previously opposed it out of grief and strife. But as Nestorius was corrupting many, John of Antioch made a report about this to the emperor, asking that he be transferred elsewhere. And the wretched man was carried away to Oasis, a place in Arabia, desolate and blown upon by destructive winds. And Maximianus, a presbyter of the church, was brought in instead for the pastoral care of New Rome. And after he had served as high priest for two years, Proclus, the disciple of Chrysostom, 106 was appointed patriarch, having previously been ordained bishop of Cyzicus by the patriarch Sisinnius, but not being received by the people there, who had chosen another high priest, and being at leisure in the meantime. He, therefore, having been enthroned on the see of Constantine, asks the emperor that the body of Chrysostom be brought back from Pityus and that the saint not remain in exile even in death. The emperor is persuaded by him, and the body of the saint is brought back and is received with surpassing honor and is laid within the sanctuary of the renowned church of the Holy Apostles. And when the emperor Theodosius wished to move the walls of the city and make its circuit larger, he entrusted the work to Cyrus the prefect; and he, using much diligence and zeal, raised the land wall from sea to sea in sixty days. The people of the city, therefore, being pleased with the work and greatly marveling at the speed, cried out publicly to the prefect, "Constantine built it, Cyrus renewed it." For this reason, being envied and suspected by the emperor, he is unwillingly tonsured a cleric, and then also becomes bishop of Smyrna. 107 And when the patriarch Proclus died after the twelfth year since he presided over the orthodox people in Constantinople, the divine Flavian is installed on his throne. It was then that Eutyches, being an archimandrite, taught that our Lord Jesus Christ did not preserve the two natures after the incarnation, but that both were fused and mingled into one nature. Flavian cut this man, remaining uncorrected, from the body of the church, lest the

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Νεστορίου δογματιζόμενα. συγκροτηθείσης οὖν ἐν Ἐφέσῳ συνόδου διακοσίων πατέρων, ἧς ἐξῆρχεν ὁ ἁγιώτατος Κύριλλος, ἐπέχων καὶ τὸν τόπον Κελεστίνου τοῦ Ῥώμης, 104 μὴ δυνηθέντος συνελθεῖν δι' ἀσθένειαν, τὰ τοῦ Νεστορίου κατεξητάσθησαν δόγματα καὶ ἀπεβλήθησαν ὡς κακόδοξα· ἡ δὲ ἁγία παρθένος θεοτόκος ἀπεδείχθη καὶ φρονεῖσθαι καὶ λέγεσθαι, καὶ ὁ ἐξ αὐτῆς σαρκωθεὶς ἀνάνδρως υἱὸς τοῦ θεοῦ καὶ θεὸς παρὰ τῶν ἱερῶν ἐκείνων πατέρων κεκήρυκτο. πρὸς τρανοτέραν δὲ τῆς πίστεως ὁμολογίαν καὶ τῆς δυσσεβείας τοῦ Νεστορίου σαφέστερον ἔλεγχον καὶ δώδεκα συντάξας κεφάλαια ὁ ἱερώτατος Κύριλλος τῆς ὀρθῆς δόξης ὑπομνήματα τῇ ἐκκλησίᾳ παρέδωκεν. ὁ δὲ Νεστόριος ἀπεβλήθη καὶ τοῦ τῶν ὀρθὰ φρονούντων ἀρχιερέων ἀπεκινήθη χοροῦ. μετὰ τρίτην δὲ τῆς συνόδου ἡμέραν ἐφίστανται τῇ Ἐφέσῳ ὅ τε Ἀντιοχείας Ἰωάννηςκαὶ ὁ Κύρου ἐπίσκοπος Θεοδώρητος καὶ ὁ Ἐδέσης Ἴβας καὶ ἕτεροι καί, ὅτι μὴ καὶ τὴν αὐτῶν παρουσίαν ἀνέμειναν οἱ τῆς συνόδου, ὀργισθέντες κατὰ τοῦ μεγάλου Κυρίλλου ὡς τῶν ἄλλων ἐξάρχοντος, τήν τε τοῦ Νεστορίου καθαίρεσιν ᾐτιάσαντο καὶ ἐκείνῳ θέμενοι τοῦ τε θείου Κυρίλλου καὶ Μέμνονος τοῦ Ἐφέσου καθαίρεσιν ἐψηφίσαντο. ὁ Θεοδώρητος δὲ καὶ κατὰ 105 τῶν ιβʹ κεφαλαίων τῶν τοῦ Κυρίλλου ἐχώρησε καὶ εἰς ἀνατροπὴν αὐτῶν συνέταξεν ἕτερα, πρὸς ἃ πάλιν ὁ μέγας ἀντηγωνίσατο Κύριλλος, οὐκ ὀρθῶς δογματίζειν ἐλέγχων τὸν Θεοδώρητον. κατεγνώσθησαν δὲ παρὰ τῆς συνόδου ὅ τε Ἀντιοχείας καὶ οἱ λοιποὶ καὶ τῶν ὀρθοδόξων ἠλλοτριώθησαν. οὕτως οὖν τούτων ἐχόντων καὶ κατ' ἀλλήλων γενομένων τῶν ἐπισκόπων καὶ σχίσματος ὄντος μέσον αὐτῶν, ὁ βασιλεὺς Θεοδόσιος ἀφικέσθαι πάντας ἐκέλευσεν εἰς Κωνσταντινούπολιν· καὶ παραγενομένων, ἐνώπιον τοῦ βασιλέως ἡ ζήτησις γέγονε, καὶ καθῃρέθη Νεστόριος καὶ εἰς τὴν ἑῴαν ὑπερωρίσθη, τοῦ Ἀντιοχείας καὶ τοῦ Θεοδωρήτου συμφρονησάντων τῇ ἱερᾷ συνόδῳ, ὡς διὰ λύπην καὶ ἔριν ἀντικαθισταμένων τὸ πρότερον. τοῦ δὲ Νεστορίου πολλοὺς διαστρέφοντος, ὁ Ἀντιοχείας Ἰωάννης ἀναφορὰν περὶ τούτου πρὸς τὸν αὐτοκράτορα ἐποιήσατο, ἀξιῶν μετενεχθῆναι αὐτὸν ἀλλαχοῦ. καὶ ἀπηνέχθη ὁ δείλαιος εἰς Ὄασιν, χώραν οὖσαν τῆς Ἀραβίας λυπρὰν καὶ ὑπὸ ἀνέμων καταπνεομένην φθοροποιῶν. ἀντεισήχθη δὲ εἰς τὴν τῆς νέας Ῥώμης ποιμαντικὴν Μαξιμιανὸς τῆς ἐκκλησίας πρεσβύτερος. καὶ μετὰ τοῦτον ἐπὶ διετίαν ἀρχιερατεύσαντα Πρόκλος ὁ τοῦ Χρυσοστόμου μα106 θητὴς πατριάρχης προεχειρίσθη ὑπὸ Σισιννίου τοῦ πατριάρχου πρῴην ἐπίσκοπος χειροτονηθεὶς Κυζίκου, μὴ δεχθεὶς δὲ παρὰ τῶν ἐκεῖ ἕτερον ἑλομένων ἀρχιερέα καὶ τὸν μεταξὺ χρόνον σχολάζων. οὗτος τοίνυν τῷ θρόνῳ τῆς Κωνσταντίνου ἐνθρονισθεὶς ἀξιοῖ τὸν βασιλέα τὸ σῶμα τοῦ Χρυσοστόμου ἐκ Πιτυσῦντος ἀνακομισθῆναι καὶ μὴ μένειν καὶ θανόντα τὸν ἅγιον ὑπερόριον. πείθεται τούτῳ ὁ βασιλεύς, καὶ ἀνακομίζεται ὁ τοῦ ἁγίου νεκρὸς καὶ ὑποδέχεται μεθ' ὑπερβαλλούσης τιμῆς καὶ κατατίθεται ἐντὸς τοῦ θυσιαστηρίου τοῦ τῶν ἁγίων ἀποστόλων περιωνύμου ναοῦ. Βουληθεὶς δὲ ὁ βασιλεὺς Θεοδόσιος τὰ τείχη μεταθεῖναι τῆς πόλεως καὶ μείζονα τὴν ταύτης θέσθαι περιοχήν, Κύρῳ τῷ ἐπάρχῳ τὸ ἔργον ἀνέθετο· καὶ ὃς σπουδῇ πολλῇ καὶ προθυμίᾳ χρησάμενος ἀνήγειρε τὸ χερσαῖον τεῖχος ἀπὸ θαλάσσης ἕως θαλάσσης δι' ἑξήκοντα ἡμερῶν. ὁ γοῦν δῆμος τῆς πόλεως ἐπί τε τῷ ἔργῳ ἡσθεὶς καὶ τῆς ταχυτῆτος ὑπερθαυμάσας τὸν ἔπαρχον ἐξεβόησε δημοσίᾳ "Κωνσταντῖνος ἔκτισε, Κῦρος ἀνενέωσε." διὸ φθονηθεὶς παρὰ τοῦ βασιλέως καὶ ὑποπτευθείς, καὶ ἄκων κείρεται κληρικός, εἶτα καὶ Σμύρνης ἐπίσκοπος γίνεται. 107 Τοῦ πατριάρχου δὲ Πρόκλου θανόντος μετὰ δωδέκατον ἔτος ἐξ ὅτου προέστη τοῦ ἐν Κωνσταντινουπόλει ὀρθοδόξου λαοῦ, ὁ θεῖος Φλαβιανὸς εἰς τὸν ἐκείνου θρόνον ἐγκαθιδρύεται. ὅτε καὶ ὁ Εὐτυχὴς ἀρχιμανδρίτης ὢν ἐδογμάτιζε τὸν κύριον ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦν Χριστὸν μὴ τὰς δύο φύσεις τηρῆσαι μετὰ τὴν ἐνανθρώπησιν, ἀλλ' εἰς μίαν φύσιν ἄμφω συγκραθῆναι καὶ συμφυρθῆναι. τοῦτον ἀδιόρθωτον μένοντα ὁ Φλαβιανὸς τοῦ τῆς ἐκκλησίας ἐξέκοψε σώματος, ἵνα μὴ τῆς