28

But according to your hardness and impenitent heart you are treasuring up for yourself wrath. For when one is neither softened by goodness, nor bent by fear, what could be harder than such a one? For since he has shown the philanthropy of God, he then shows the punishment, 60.425 that it is unbearable for the one who has not turned even so. And see how aptly he has used the words. For "you are treasuring up," he says, "wrath for yourself," indicating that which is certainly laid up, and showing that not the one judging, but the one being judged is the cause of this. For "to yourself," he says, "you treasure up," not God for you. For He has done all that was necessary, and He has made you discerning of good things and of things not so, and He has shown long-suffering, and He has called you to repentance, and He has threatened a fearful day, drawing you by all means to repentance; but if you remain unyielding, "You treasure up for yourself wrath in the day of wrath and of revelation and of the righteous judgment of God." For lest, hearing "wrath," you should think it a passion, he added: "Of the righteous judgment of God." And well did he say, "Of revelation"; for then this is revealed, when each receives things according to their worth. For here many often act spitefully contrary to justice and plot against others; but there it is not so. "Who will render to each one according to his deeds": to those who by patient continuance in doing good. 3. For since he had become fearsome and heavy, discoursing about judgment and the future punishment, he did not immediately introduce the expected punishment, but turned the discourse to what is more pleasant, the recompense of good things, saying thus: "To those who by patient continuance in doing good seek for glory and honor and immortality, eternal life." Here he both raises up those who have fallen away in temptations, and shows that one must not trust in faith alone; for that tribunal is an examiner of deeds also. But see him when he discourses about the things to come, not being able to speak plainly of the good things, but speaking of both glory and honor. For since they surpass all human things, he is not able to show an image of them from here, but from those things that seem to be splendid among us, from these he represents them, as far as is possible, from glory, from honor, from life; for these are the things diligently sought after by humans. But those things are not such as these, but much better than these, inasmuch as they are also incorruptible and immortal. Have you seen how he also opened the doors to us concerning the resurrection of bodies, by saying "immortality"? For immortality belongs to the body that perishes. Then, since this was not sufficient, he added glory and honor. For we shall all be raised incorruptible, but not all to glory, but some to punishment, and some to glory. "But to those who are contentious," he says. For again he deprives of excuse those who live in wickedness, and shows that they fall into evil out of a certain contentiousness and laziness. "And do not obey the truth, but obey unrighteousness." Behold, again another accusation. For what defense would he have who flees the light and chooses the darkness? And he did not say, "being forced and tyrannized," but, "obeying unrighteousness"; that you may learn that the fall is of choice, the crime not of necessity. "Tribulation and anguish, upon every soul of man that does evil"; that is, whether one is wealthy, or a consul, or the emperor himself, the word of creation respects no one; for dignities have no place here. Having shown therefore the excess of the disease, and having added the cause, that it is from the laziness of those who are sick, and the end, that destruction will succeed them, 60.426 and the ease of correction, he is again severe also in the punishment of the Jew. "Of the Jew first, and also of the Greek." For he who has enjoyed more instruction would also be worthy to endure greater punishment for transgressing. So that the wiser or more powerful we may be, the more we are punished when we sin. For if you are rich, more money will be required of you than of the poor man, and if you are wiser, greater obedience, and if you have been clothed with power, more splendid achievements; and in all other things likewise you will contribute according to your power and measure. But glory, honor, and peace

28

Κατὰ δὲ τὴν σκληρότητά σου καὶ ἀμετανόητον καρδίαν θησαυρίζεις σεαυτῷ ὀργήν. Ὅταν γὰρ μήτε χρηστότητι μαλάσσηται, μήτε φόβῳ κάμπτηται, τί τοῦ τοιούτου σκληρότερον γένοιτ' ἄν; Ἐπειδὴ γὰρ ἔδειξε τοῦ Θεοῦ τὴν φιλανθρωπίαν, τότε δείκνυσι τὴν τιμω 60.425 ρίαν, ὅτι ἐστὶν ἀφόρητος τῷ μηδὲ οὕτως ἐπιστραφέντι. Καὶ ὅρα πῶς κυρίως ταῖς λέξεσι κέχρηται· Θησαυρίζεις γὰρ, φησὶ, σεαυτῷ ὀργὴν, τὸ πάντως ἀποκείμενον δηλῶν, καὶ δεικνὺς, οὐ τὸν δικάζοντα, ἀλλὰ τὸν κρινόμενον αἴτιον τούτου. Σεαυτῷ γὰρ, φησὶ, θησαυρίζεις, οὐχ ὁ Θεός σοι. Ἐκεῖνος γὰρ πάντα ἐποίησεν ὅσα ἐχρῆν, καὶ διαγνωστικόν σε τῶν καλῶν καὶ τῶν οὐ τοιούτων κατεσκεύασε, καὶ μακροθυμίαν ἐπεδείξατο, καὶ εἰς μετάνοιαν ἐκάλεσε, καὶ ἡμέραν ἠπείλησε φοβερὰν, διὰ πάντων σε ἐπὶ τὴν μετάνοιαν ἕλκων· εἰ δὲ μένεις ἀνένδοτος, Σεαυτῷ θησαυρίζεις ὀργὴν ἐν ἡμέρᾳ ὀργῆς καὶ ἀποκαλύψεως καὶ δικαιοκρισίας τοῦ Θεοῦ. Ἵνα γὰρ μὴ, ἀκούσας ὀργὴν, νομίσῃς πάθος, ἐπήγαγε· ∆ικαιοκρισίας τοῦ Θεοῦ. Καὶ καλῶς εἶπεν, Ἀποκαλύψεως· τότε γὰρ ἀποκαλύπτεται τοῦτο, ὅταν τὰ κατ' ἀξίαν ἕκαστος ἀπολαμβάνῃ. Ἐνταῦθα γὰρ πολλοὶ πολλάκις ἐπηρεάζουσι παρὰ τὸ δίκαιον καὶ ἐπιβουλεύουσιν· ἐκεῖ δὲ οὐχ οὕτως. Ὃς ἀποδώσει ἑκάστῳ κατὰ τὰ ἔργα αὐτοῦ· τοῖς μὲν καθ' ὑπομονὴν ἔργου ἀγαθοῦ. γʹ. Ἐπειδὴ γὰρ φοβερὸς ἐγένετο καὶ βαρὺς, περὶ κρίσεως καὶ τῆς μελλούσης διαλεγόμενος κολάσεως, εὐθέως οὐκ εἰς τὸ προσδοκώμενον ἐνέβαλε τὴν τιμωρίαν, ἀλλ' ἐπὶ τὸ ἡδύτερον ἔτρεψε τὸν λόγον, τὴν τῶν ἀγαθῶν ἀντίδοσιν, οὕτω λέγων· Τοῖς μὲν καθ' ὑπομονὴν ἔργου ἀγαθοῦ δόξαν καὶ τιμὴν καὶ ἀφθαρσίαν ζητοῦσι, ζωὴν αἰώνιον. Ἐνταῦθα καὶ τοὺς ἀναπεπτωκότας ἐν τοῖς πειρασμοῖς διανίστησι, καὶ δείκνυσιν, ὅτι οὐ χρὴ τῇ πίστει θαῤῥεῖν μόνον· καὶ γὰρ καὶ πράξεών ἐστι τὸ δικαστήριον ἐκεῖνο ἐξεταστικόν. Ὅρα δὲ αὐτὸν ὅταν περὶ τῶν μελλόντων διαλέγηται, μὴ δυνάμενον τρανῶς εἰπεῖν τὰ ἀγαθὰ, ἀλλὰ καὶ δόξαν καὶ τιμὴν λέγοντα. Ἐπειδὴ γὰρ πάντα ὑπερβαίνει τὰ ἀνθρώπινα, οὐκ ἔχει εἰκόνα αὐτῶν ἐντεῦθεν δεῖξαι, ἀλλ' ἀπὸ τῶν δοκούντων εἶναι λαμπρῶν παρ' ἡμῖν, ἀπὸ τούτων αὐτὰ, ὡς ἐγχωρεῖ, παρίστησιν, ἀπὸ τῆς δόξης, ἀπὸ τῆς τιμῆς, ἀπὸ τῆς ζωῆς· ταῦτα γάρ ἐστι τὰ ἀνθρώποις περισπούδαστα. Ἀλλ' οὐ τοιαῦτα ἐκεῖνα, ἀλλὰ πολλῷ βελτίω τούτων, ὅσῳ καὶ ἄφθαρτα καὶ ἀθάνατα. Εἶδες πῶς καὶ τὰς περὶ τῆς ἀναστάσεως τῶν σωμάτων ἡμῖν θύρας ἀνέῳξεν, ἀφθαρσίαν εἰπών; ἡ γὰρ ἀφθαρσία τοῦ φθειρομένου σώματός ἐστιν. Εἶτα, ἐπειδὴ οὐκ ἤρκει τοῦτο, προσέθηκε δόξαν καὶ τιμήν. Πάντες γὰρ ἀναστησόμεθα ἄφθαρτοι, ἀλλ' οὐ πάντες εἰς δόξαν, ἀλλ' οἱ μὲν εἰς κόλασιν, οἱ δὲ εἰς δόξαν. Τοῖς δὲ ἐξ ἐριθείας, φησί. Πάλιν γὰρ ἀποστερεῖ συγγνώμης τοὺς ἐν κακίᾳ ζῶντας, καὶ δείκνυσιν ἀπὸ φιλονεικίας τινὸς καὶ ῥᾳθυμίας ἐπὶ τὴν πονηρίαν πίπτοντας. Καὶ ἀπειθοῦσι μὲν τῇ ἀληθείᾳ, πειθομένοις δὲ τῇ ἀδικίᾳ. Ἰδοὺ καὶ ἑτέρα κατηγορία πάλιν. Ποίαν γὰρ ἀπολογίαν ἂν ἔχοι ὁ τὸ φῶς φεύγων, καὶ τὸ σκότος αἱρούμενος; Καὶ οὐκ εἶπε, Βιαζομένους καὶ τυραννουμένους, ἀλλὰ, Πειθομένους τῇ ἀδικίᾳ· ἵνα μάθῃς, ὅτι προαιρέσεως τὸ πτῶμα, οὐκ ἀνάγκης τὸ ἔγκλημα. Θλίψις καὶ στενοχωρία ἐπὶ πᾶσαν ψυχὴν ἀνθρώπου τοῦ κατεργαζομένου τὸ κακόν· τουτέστι κἂν εὔπορός τις ᾖ, κἂν ὕπατος, κἂν αὐτοβασιλεὺς, οὐδένα ὁ τῆς κτίσεως δυσωπεῖται λόγος· οὐδεμίαν γὰρ ἐνταῦθα χώραν τὰ ἀξιώματα ἔχει. ∆είξας τοίνυν τὴν ὑπερβολὴν τῆς νόσου, καὶ τὴν αἰτίαν προσθεὶς, ὅτι ἀπὸ ῥᾳθυμίας τῶν ἀῤῥωστούντων, καὶ τὸ τέλος, ὅτι ἀπώλεια αὐτοὺς διαδέξεται, 60.426 καὶ τὸ εὔκολον τῆς διορθώσεως, βαρεῖ πάλιν καὶ ἐν τῇ κολάσει τὸν Ἰουδαῖον. Ἰουδαίου τε πρῶτον καὶ Ἕλληνος. Ὁ γὰρ πλείονος ἀπολαύσας τῆς διδασκαλίας, μείζονα ἂν εἴη καὶ τιμωρίαν ἄξιος ὑπομεῖναι παρανομῶν. Ὥστε ὅσῳ ἂν συνετώτεροι ὦμεν ἢ δυνατώτεροι, τοσοῦτον κολαζόμεθα μᾶλλον ἁμαρτάνοντες. Καὶ γὰρ εἰ πλούσιος εἶ, πλείονα ἀπαιτηθήσῃ χρήματα τοῦ πένητος, καὶ εἰ συνετώτερος, μείζονα ὑπακοὴν, καὶ εἰ δυναστείαν περιβέβλησαι, λαμπρότερα κατορθώματα· καὶ ἐπὶ πάντων δὲ τῶν ἄλλων οὕτω πρὸς τὴν δύναμιν καὶ τὰ μέτρα εἰσοίσεις. ∆όξα δὲ καὶ τιμὴ καὶ εἰρήνη